What is a more effective method of cranio-cervical flexion exercises?

Background: Cranio-cervical flexion exercise (CCFE) is a representative exercise that activates the deep muscles of neck pain patients. However, there is a lack of studies that propose specific exercise methods to examine the more effective activity level of the deep cervical flexor.

Objective: The objective of this study is to propose a more effective exercise method through effect comparison based on an optimal degree of mouth-opening, a mouth-open versus mouth-closed position, eye gaze, and body position change during CCFE.

The Relation Between the Presence of Aspiration or Penetration and the Clinical Indicators of Dysphagia in Poststroke Survivors.

Objective: To examine the relation between the presence of penetration or aspiration and the occurrence of the clinical indicators of dysphagia. The presence of penetration or aspiration is closely related to the clinical indicators of dysphagia. It is essential to understand these relationships in order to implement proper diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia.

Cepstral, Spectral and Time-Based Analysis of Voices of Esophageal Speakers.

Objective: To evaluate esophageal speech quality in patients after total laryngectomy using cepstral, spectral and time-based measures.

Patients And Methods: The subjects were all males and included 20 total laryngectomy patients and 20 age-matched normal controls. The sustained vowel /a/ was measured using the tools of MDVP (Multi-Dimensional Voice Program) and ADSV (Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice).

Development and comparative evaluation of new shapes of pillows.

The purpose of this study was to determine pillow designs suitable for supine and side-lying positions. [Subjects] Twenty female and twenty male subjects with a mean age of 22.7 years (SD = 1.

Initiation and duration of laryngeal closure during the pharyngeal swallow in post-stroke patients.

As a bolus enters the pharynx during the swallow, the airway is protected by laryngeal closure, a process characterized by approximation of the vocal folds plus approximation of the arytenoid cartilages to the base of the epiglottis. The purpose of this study was to measure initiation of laryngeal closure (ILC) and laryngeal closure duration (LCD) in three groups of subjects: (1) ten stroke patients who aspirated before and during the swallow (aspirators), (2) ten stroke patients who did not aspirate (nonaspirators), and (3) ten normal control subjects. Means and standard deviations of ILC and LCD were analyzed for both 5-ml and 10-ml thin-liquid boluses using a 100-ms timer during subsequent analysis of videofluoroscopic swallowing examinations.