Neurosurgery training camp for medical student: experience of the Turkish neurosugery academy and Bursa Uludag University.

Introduction: To highlight the importance of hands-on experiences and mentorship in shaping the future workforce of specialized medical professionals via a Neurosurgery Training Camp.

Methods: Responses of the questionnaire regarding the Neurosurgery Training Camp organized by Bursa Uludag University's Faculty of Medicine and the Turkish Neurosurgery Academy were reviewed retrospectively. A one-day program was organized to introduce neurosurgery to medical students.

Posterior Transdural Discectomy for Thoracic Disc Herniation.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of posterior transdural discectomy for thoracic disc herniation.

Material And Methods: The medical records of seven patients who underwent posterior transdural discectomy for thoracic disc herniation were retrospectively evaluated.

Results: Between 2012 and 2020, seven patients (five men and two women) who were aged between 17 and 74 years underwent posterior transdural discectomy.

Statistical Shape Analyses of Pediatric Patients with Scoliosis After Surgical Correction.

Aim: To investigate the preoperative and postoperative differences in the upper-body and spinal shapes of patients with scoliosis.

Material And Methods: Digitized two-dimensional X-ray images were used to obtain the shapes of the upper-body and spine. The preoperative and postoperative mean shapes were compared by using a Generalized Procrustes analysis.

Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid levels of D-lactate, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, -8, and -17 in suspected nosocomial meningitis.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-17, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and D-lactate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of nosocomial meningitis patients.

Methods: The CSF levels of cytokines and D-lactate were compared across 29 episodes of nosocomial meningitis, 38 episodes of pleocytosis (without meningitis) and 54 control subjects.

Results: The CSF levels of IL-6, IL-8, and D-lactate were higher in the group with nosocomial meningitis compared to the control group and the group with pleocytosis without meningitis ( P < 0.

Leptomeningeal pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis: Signs of pneumothorax in case of syringopleural shunting.

In this article, we present a case of leptomeningeal pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis secondary to pneumothorax that occurred six years after syringopleural shunting.

Contribution of the xenograft bone plate-screw system in lumbar transpedicular stabilization: An study in dogs.

Objectives: Xenograft bone plate-screws (XBPSs) can be alternative tools in lumbar transpedicular stabilization (TS). The aim of this study was to show biomechanical and histopathological contribution of the XBPSs system in lumbar TS.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen ( = 15) hybrid dog and ten ( = 10) L cadaveric specimens were included in the study.

Rod Migration to the Thoracic Subarachnoid Space after C Instrumentation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Posterior instrumented fusion of the cervical spine is a common surgical procedure in the treatment of cervical subluxation, fractures, and stenosis. Although malpositions are commonly seen, it is rare to observe the malposition of the rod or interconnection because of hardware failure. A 62-year-old woman with spastic tetraparesis as a sequel to pediatric meningitis with C -C cervical subluxation and myelomalacia had undergone laminectomy of C and C lateral mass and C bilateral pedicular screw fixation.

Effects of Systemic and Local Interferon Beta-1a on Epidural Fibrosis.

Study Design: Level 1 randomized controlled study.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of systemic and local interferon-beta-1a (IFN-β-1a) on prevention of epidural fibrosis using histopathological parameters.

Overview Of Literature: Epidural fibrosis involves fibroblastic invasion of nerve roots into the epidural space.

Effects of cross-linked high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid on epidural fibrosis: experimental study.

Object: Epidural fibrosis is nonphysiological scar formation, usually at the site of neurosurgical access into the spinal canal, in the intimate vicinity of and around the origin of the radicular sheath. The formation of dense fibrous tissue causes lumbar and radicular pain. In addition to radicular symptoms, the formation of scar tissue may cause problems during reoperation.

Rapid spontaneous recovery after development of a spinal epidural hematoma: a case report.

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a very rare clinical emergency. A permanent neurological deficit or even death may result if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Many cases can be diagnosed upon detailed neurological examination and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Biomechanical contribution of the rib cage to thoracic stability.

Study Design: In vitro assessment of rib cage biomechanics in the region of true ribs with the ribs intact then sequentially resected in 5 steps.

Objective: To determine the contribution of the rib cage to thoracic spine stability and kinematics.

Summary Of Background Data: Previous in vitro studies of rib cage biomechanics have used animal spines or human cadaveric spines with ribs left unsecured, limiting the ability of the ribs to contribute to stability.

Pediatric multilevel spine injuries: an institutional experience.

Object: Spinal column trauma is relatively uncommon in the pediatric population, representing 1-2% of all pediatric fractures. However, pediatric spinal injury at more than one level is not uncommon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms and patterns of the injury and factors affecting management and outcomes of pediatric multilevel spine injuries.

In vitro biomechanical analysis of a new lumbar low-profile locking screw-plate construct versus a standard top-loading cantilevered pedicle screw-rod construct: technical report.

Objective: A standard top-loading lumbar pedicle screw-rod system is compared with a pedicle screw-plate system with smaller-diameter screws, more medial entry, and lower profile to assess the relative stability, strength, and resistance to fatigue of the 2 systems.

Methods: Seven human cadaveric specimens were studied with each surgical construct. Nondestructive, nonconstraining pure moments were applied to specimens to induce flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation while recording L5-S1 motion optoelectronically.

Trajectory analysis and pullout strength of self-centering lumbar pedicle screws.

Object: An experiment was performed to study the limits of the ability of screws designed to center themselves in the pedicle during insertion, and to study whether straight-ahead versus inward screw insertion trajectories differ in their resistance to pullout.

Methods: Forty-nine human cadaveric lumbar vertebrae were studied. Pedicle screws were inserted in trajectories starting 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, or 30 degrees from the optimal trajectory, either medially or laterally misdirected.

Sylvian cistern dermoid cyst presenting with dysgeusia.

It is rare for a patient with a dermoid cyst (DC) to present with taste dysfunction. A 58-year-old man presented with an altered sense of taste. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a mass lesion in the right insula with compression effect.

Biomechanical consequences of cervical spondylectomy versus corpectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the differences in spinal stability and stabilizing potential of instrumentation after cervical corpectomy and spondylectomy.

Methods: Seven human cadaveric specimens were tested: 1) intact; 2) after grafted C5 corpectomy and anterior C4-C6 plate; 3) after adding posterior C4-C6 screws/rods; 4) after extending posteriorly to C3-C7; 5) after grafted C5 spondylectomy, anterior C4-C6 plate, and posterior C4-C6 screws/rods; and 6) after extending posteriorly to C3-C7. Pure moments induced flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation; angular motion was recorded optically.

Stab injury of the thoracic spinal cord: case report.

Stab injuries of the spinal cord are rare. We report a case of a 22-year-old male who was hospitalized because of a spinal cord injury resulting from a stab wound in the posterior thoracolumbar area. On admission, the patient had 2/5 muscle strength of the right leg (monoparesis) and hypoesthesia below the L1 level.

Comparison of prognostic scores and surgical approaches to treat spinal metastatic tumors: a review of 57 cases.

Surgical treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression with or without neural deficit is controversial. Karnofsky and Tokuhashi scores have been proposed for prognosis of spinal metastasis. Here, we conducted a retrospective analysis of Karnofsky and modified Tokuhashi scores in 57 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for secondary spinal metastases to evaluate the value of these scores in aiding decision making for surgery.

MR imaging in the detection of diffuse axonal injury with mild traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence and distribution of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) caused by diffuse axonal injury (DAI) using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to attempt to correlate MR findings with post-concussion symptoms (PCS).

Patients And Methods: Forty MTBI patients (mean age: 32.5 years) with normal cranial computed tomography (CT) findings were examined with standard MR protocol including T(1)-weighted, T(2)-weighted, fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), gradient echo (GRE) and diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences.

Contribution of the xenograft bone plate-screw system in lumbar transpedicular stabilization of dogs: an in-vitro study.

We performed biomechanical comparison of a xenograft bone plate-screw (XBPS) system for achieving cadaveric lumbar transpedicular stabilization (TS) in dogs. Twenty dogs' cadaveric L(2-4) lumbar specimens were harvested and their muscles were removed, but the discs and ligaments were left intact. These specimens were separated to four groups: the L(2-4) intact group as control (group I, n = 5), the L(3) laminectomy and bilateral facetectomy group (LBF) (group II, n = 5), the LBF plus TS with metal plate-screw group (group III, n = 5) and the LBF plus TS with XBPS group (group IV, n = 5).

Pituitary apoplexy as a cause of internal carotid artery occlusion.

Occlusion of intracranial arteries by pituitary apoplexy with resulting infarction is a rare occurrence. A 50-year-old man who presented with a history of sudden onset of frontal headache and visual impairment was admitted to another medical centre and MRI revealed a non-enhancing sellar lesion with suprasellar and infrasellar extension. Thereafter, the patient's consciousness deteriorated progressively and he showed signs of herniation; he was then referred to our centre for further evaluation.

Primary thoracolumbar Ewing's sarcoma presenting as isolated epidural mass.

Background Context: Ewing's sarcoma is the most common childhood malignancy of bone, but it rarely occurs as a primary extraosseous epidural tumor.

Purpose: To heighten awareness and treatment options of this rare (epidural) presentation of Ewing's sarcoma.

Study Design: Case report.

Thoracolumbar and sacral spinal injuries in children and adolescents: a review of 89 cases.

Object: The authors evaluated the mechanisms and patterns of thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spinal injuries in a pediatric population as well as factors affecting the management and outcome of these injuries.

Methods: The records of 89 patients (46 boys and 43 girls; mean age 13.2 years, range 3-16 years) with thoracic, lumbar, or sacral injuries were reviewed.

Biomechanical comparison of instrumented and uninstrumented multilevel cervical discectomy versus corpectomy.

Study Design: In vitro flexibility test comparing biomechanics of cervical corpectomy versus discectomy with and without instrumentation.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the additional effort required to perform multilevel discectomies instead of corpectomies is worthwhile biomechanically.

Summary Of Background Data: Both cervical corpectomy and discectomy have been shown to be effective clinically.

Hemorrhage of cavernous malformations during pregnancy and in the peripartum period: causal or coincidence? Case report and review of the literature.

There is growing evidence to suggest that pregnancy may increase the risk of hemorrhage from cavernous malformations (CMs). In the present case, a 21-year-old primigravida was admitted to the authors' neurosurgical service after a cesarean section. Three weeks before admission she had experienced rapidly progressive bilateral lower-extremity paresthesias.