Sex differences in nephrotoxic and gastrointestinal effects of phenylbutazone.

Male and female Wistar rats were used to study the sex differences in nephrotoxic, ulcerogenic and lethal effects of phenylbutazone (PBZ). In one series of experiments, male and female rats were given daily oral doses of 25, 125, 250, 400 and 500 mg PBZ/kg for 7 days to assess mortality, gross and microscopic lesions of the stomach, intestine and kidneys and to determine the PBZ effects on renal protein and glucose excretion. In another series of experiments, PBZ effects on renal gluconeogenesis and p-aminohippurate (PAH) accumulation in renal cortical slices were measured 12 h after administration of the same PBZ doses to male and female rats.

Microsurgical reconstruction of pancreatic ducts in dogs.

The incidence of traumatic injuries of the pancreas has increased in patients sustaining abdominal trauma. The purpose of this study was to perfect the microsurgical technique of anastomosis of pancreatic ducts in dogs as a contribution to conservative treatment of the injured pancreas with salvage of the spleen to avoid sepsis after splenectomy. Eighteen mongrel dogs weighing an average 20 kg were used.

Microsurgical reconstruction of the biliary duct: experimental study in rats and dogs.

Surgery of the biliary ducts remains a problem in traumatologic and iatrogenic injuries as well as in liver transplantation. The purpose of this study was to perfect microsurgical technique of anastomosis of the common bile duct and to study the healing and tissue reaction at the anastomotic site. The healing of microsurgical closure of longitudinal choledochotomies was studied as well.

Microsurgical extramucous ureteroureterostomy in rats.

The purpose of this study was to perfect the microsurgical technique of ureteroureterostomy in rats as a contribution to reconstructive surgery of the urinary tract in congenital malformations in newborns and infants. Microsurgical ureteroureterostomy was performed in 100 rats with Nylon and Vicryl 10-0 and 11-0 swaged on a BV-6 and BV-8 needle. Postoperative investigation of renal function and permeability of the anastomoses was realized by macroscopic examination and by IM urography.

Nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycoside treatment on renal protein reabsorption and accumulation.

To quantify the effects of gentamicin, kanamycin and netilmicin on renal protein reabsorption and accumulation, these drugs were administered to rats intraperitoneally (30 mg/kg/day) for 7, 14 or 21 days. Scanning electron microscopy of the glomerular endothelia, urinary measurements of sodium, potassium, endogenous lysozyme, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) as well as clearance and accumulation experiments after i.v.

Effects of aminoglycosides on glomerular ultrastructure.

Effects of the aminoglycosides, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin (30 mg/kg/day X 7, i.p.), on glomerular ultrastructure were determined in male Wistar rats.

[Bladder replacement by a continent ileocolonic intestinal reservoir wih antireflux-plasty--experimental study in the dog].

The purpose of this experimental study was to try to develop a continent appliance-free urinary diversion with a non-refluxing urinary reservoir to be emptied by intermittent catheterization. A reliable antireflux plasty can be performed only on the large bowel wall. Continence can only be achieved using small bowel.

Effects of aminoglycosides on glomerular permeability, tubular reabsorption, and intracellular catabolism of the cationic low-molecular-weight protein lysozyme.

Gentamicin and other aminoglycoside antibiotics in high doses may produce proteinuria and other signs of nephrotoxicity. Proteinuria may result from general renal damage or may reflect alterations in specific steps in the renal handling of proteins. To distinguish between these two possibilities, experiments were designed to quantify the effects of nephrotoxic doses of several aminoglycosides on the renal handling of proteins in the isolated perfused rat kidney with the cationic low-molecular-weight protein lysozyme as a representative protein.

[Demonstration of neo-intima in PTFE-prostheses after venous replacement in dogs].

Because of the danger of thrombosis, venous replacement by prostheses is a yet clinically unsolved problem. We tested the PTFE-prosthesis at the positions of vena cava inferior and iliac veins in dogs. Already eight weeks after operation, the inner surface of the prosthesis was covered by a thin neo-intima, which by light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy was shown to contain a basal membrane and endothelial cells.

Augmentation ileocystoplasty: an experimental study in dogs.

We report a technique of ileal augmentation cystoplasty allowing the tailoring of a "made-to-measure" cystoplasty of an adequate size with two or three ileal loops. The wound healing at the borderline between the bladder plate and the pediculated transplant is studied by light- and electron microscopic techniques.

Early nephrotoxicity at high plasma concentrations of lysozyme in the rat.

In clearance experiments, egg white lysozyme was intravenously infused into male Wistar and Wistar/Furth rats over different periods of time to achieve plasma concentrations of lysozyme in the range of 30 to 8000 micrograms per ml. The glomerular filtration rate and the appearance of glomerular and tubular epithelia were comparable to those of control rats below 3000 micrograms per ml. of plasma concentration of lysozyme and up to 60 minutes' infusion time when investigated by scanning electron microscopy.

[Starch granulomas caused by glove powder].

Simultaneously with the introduction of new surgical gloves with heavily powdered outside surfaces, complications repeatedly occurred after laparotomies. Four patients were compelled to undergo a second operation, during which peritoneal fibrous adhesions and foreign body granulomas of omentum were found. After resection of the omentum, healing proceeded without disturbance.

Microsurgical vasovasostomy.

Bilateral vasovasostomy was performed in 18 dogs and in 60 rats with Ethilon 10-0 and 11-0. The techniques used were: (a) a two-layer technique: the inner muscularis layer and the mucosal layer being sutured separately from the outer muscular layer; (b) a three-point one-layer technique: full-thickness stitches that traverse muscularis and mucosa at 120 degrees, 240 degrees and 360 degrees, between these three-point full-thickness stitches the muscularis layer is closed tightly. Patency of the vasal anastomosis was determined by injection of methylene blue and by vasography.

Thrombogenicity of different suture materials as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.

The thrombogenicity of five suture materials--polypropylene (Prolene), polyester (Mersilene), polyglactin 910 (Vicryl), nylon (Tthilon), and silk--was examined in vivo by scanning electron microscopy. The most blood-compatible material appeared to be Prolene. A rather satisfactory antithrombogenciity was shown by Mersilene, in comparison with which Ethilon and Vicryl provided less thromboresistance.

[Synthetic resorbable and synthetic non-resorbable suture materials in microvascular surgery. Animal experimental study].

In a series of experiments on the aorta of the rat, the behaviour of an absorbable monofilament suture VICRYL (Polyglactin 910) was compared to that of a non-absorbable suture ETHILON (Polyamide 6/6). A total of 86 rats was operated upon and examined over a period of 70 days. The report includes a complete description of experimental procedures and techniques used during the operations.

[The intratracheal behavior of the ear-composite graft. An experimental and histological study (author's transl)].

The behavior of the composite graft obtained from the concha of the external ear is studied in mini-pigs, 25, 35, 46 and 85 days following transplantation into the tracheal wall by light- and electromicroscopy. The squameous cell epithelium persists to the same extent, but its thickness has decreased as well as desquamation by adaption to the intratracheal conditions. The transplanted cartilage started degeneration in the 4th postoperative week by a slowly and continous transformation into a granulating and fibrous tissue.