Contrasting fertilization and phenological stages shape microbial-mediated phosphorus cycling in a maize agroecosystem.

Phosphorus (P) is essential for plants but often limited in soils, with microbes playing a key role in its cycling. P deficiency in crops can be mitigated by applying by-products like sludge and struvite to enhance yield and sustainability. Here, we evaluated the contribution of four different types of fertilizers: i) conventional NPK; ii) sludge; iii) struvite; and iv) struvite+sludge in a semiarid maize plantation to the availability of P and the responses of the soil microbiome.

Decomposition of Fomes fomentatius fruiting bodies - transition of healthy living fungus into a decayed bacteria-rich habitat is primarily driven by Arthropoda.

Fomes fomentarius is a widespread, wood-rotting fungus of temperate, broadleaved forests. Although the fruiting bodies of F. fomentarius persist for multiple years, little is known about its associated microbiome or how these recalcitrant structures are ultimately decomposed.

Meconium microbiome and its relation to neonatal growth and head circumference catch-up in preterm infants.

Unlabelled: The purpose was identify an association between meconium microbiome, extra-uterine growth restriction, and head circumference catch-up.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study with preterm infants born <33 weeks gestational age (GA), admitted at Neonatal Unit and attending the Follow-Up Preterm Program of a tertiary hospital. Excluded out born infants; presence of congenital malformations or genetic syndromes; congenital infections; HIV-positive mothers; and newborns whose parents or legal guardians did not authorize participation.

Meconium microbiota predicts clinical early-onset neonatal sepsis in preterm neonates.

Background: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality related to premature birth, and its diagnosis remains difficult. Our goal was to evaluate the intestinal microbiota of the first meconium of preterm newborns and ascertain whether it is associated with clinical EONS.

Methods: In a controlled, prospective cohort study, samples of the first meconium of premature infants with a gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks was obtained at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and DNA was isolated from the samples.

pime: A package for discovery of novel differences among microbial communities.

The data used for profiling microbial communities is usually sparse with some microbes having high abundance in a few samples and being nearly absent in others. However, current bioinformatics tools able to deal with this sparsity are lacking. pime (Prevalence Interval for Microbiome Evaluation) was designed to remove those taxa that may be high in relative abundance in just a few samples but have a low prevalence overall.

The vaginal microbial communities of healthy expectant Brazilian mothers and its correlation with the newborn's gut colonization.

The female lower genital tract harbors a complex microbial community essential for homeostasis and health. During pregnancy, the female body undergoes unique hormonal changes that contribute to weight gain as well as modulations in immune function that can affect microbiota composition. Several studies have described the vaginal microbiota of pregnant women from the USA, Europe and Mexico.

Defining microbial biomarkers for risk of preterm labor.

Preterm birth remains the main contributor to early childhood mortality. The vaginal environment, including microbiota composition, might contribute to the risk of preterm delivery. Alterations in the vaginal microbial community structure might represent a risk factor for preterm birth.

Correction: Hepatic glycogen storage diseases are associated to microbial dysbiosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Influence of own mother's milk and different proportions of formula on intestinal microbiota of very preterm newborns.

Objective: To determine the differences in preterm infants' stool microbiota considering the use of exclusive own mother's milk and formula in different proportions in the first 28 days of life.

Methods: The study included newborns with GA ≤ 32 weeks divided in 5 group according the feeding regimen: 7 exclusive own mother's milk, 8 exclusive preterm formula, 16 mixed feeding with >70% own mother's milk, 16 mixed feeding with >70% preterm formula, and 15 mixed 50% own mother's milk and preterm formula. Exclusion criteria: congenital infections, congenital malformations and newborns of drug addicted mothers.

Hepatic glycogen storage diseases are associated to microbial dysbiosis.

Introduction: The gut microbiome has been related to several features present in Glycogen Storage Diseases (GSD) patients including obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and liver disease.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to investigate associations between GSD and the gut microbiota.

Methods: Twenty-four GSD patients on treatment with uncooked cornstarch (UCCS), and 16 healthy controls had their faecal microbiota evaluated through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Low Microbial Diversity and Abnormal Microbial Succession Is Associated with Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants.

Despite increased efforts, the diverse etiologies of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) have remained largely elusive. Clinical predictors of NEC remain ill-defined and currently lack sufficient specificity. The development of a thorough understanding of initial gut microbiota colonization pattern in preterm infants might help to improve early detection or prediction of NEC and its associated morbidities.

Differences in bacterial composition between men's and women's restrooms and other common areas within a public building.

Humans distribute a wide range of microorganisms around building interiors, and some of these are potentially pathogenic. Recent research established that humans are the main drivers of the indoor microbiome and up to now significant literature has been produced about this topic. Here we analyzed differences in bacterial composition between men's and women's restrooms and other common areas within the same public building.

Diversity and composition of vaginal microbiota of pregnant women at risk for transmitting Group B Streptococcus treated with intrapartum penicillin.

Background: Administering intravenous antibiotics during labor to women at risk for transmitting Group B Streptococcus (GBS) can prevent infections in newborns. However, the impact of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on mothers' microbial community composition is largely unknown. We compared vaginal microbial composition in pregnant women experiencing preterm birth at ≤ 32 weeks gestation that received intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with that in controls.

Phenylketonuria and Gut Microbiota: A Controlled Study Based on Next-Generation Sequencing.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism associated with high blood levels of phenylalanine (Phe). A Phe-restricted diet supplemented with L-amino acids is the main treatment strategy for this disease; if started early, most neurological abnormalities can be prevented. The healthy human gut contains trillions of commensal bacteria, often referred to as the gut microbiota.

Draft Genome of Rhodococcus rhodochrous TRN7, Isolated from the Coast of Trindade Island, Brazil.

Here, we present a draft genome and annotation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous TRN7, isolated from Trindade Island, Brazil, which will provide genetic data to benefit the understanding of its metabolism.