Participation and Influencing Factors in the Decision-Making of Life-Sustaining Treatment: A Focus on Deceased Patients with Hematologic Neoplasms.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the involvement of patients who died from hematologic neoplasms in the decision-making process surrounding the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (LST).

Methods: A total of 255 patients diagnosed with hematologic neoplasms who ultimately died following decisions related to LST during their end-of-life period at a university hospital were included in the study. Data were retrospectively obtained from electronic medical records and analyzed utilizing the chi-square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression.

Topical Delivery of Nanosized Hydroxycitric Acid Enriched Extract-Loaded Ethosomes for Suppression of Lipid Droplet Deposition.

The aim of this study was to improve the skin accumulation of hydroxycitric acid by using ethosomes with nanosize. We fabricated nanosized ethosome for the topical delivery of hydrophilic hydroxycitric acid and evaluated their physical properties and furthermore cytotoxicity. As results, in cell-based experiments, the use of ethosomes encapsulating hydroxycitric acid extract reduced the lipid droplet deposition in differentiated adipocytes, which was visualized by Oil Red O staining assay and also quantitatively measured by a triglyceride assay.