Oropharyngeal resistome remains stable during COVID-19 therapy, while fecal resistome shifts toward a less diverse resistotype.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a serious threat to global public health. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need to monitor the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes and understand the mechanisms driving this process. In this study, we analyzed changes to the oropharyngeal and fecal resistomes of patients with COVID-19 undergoing therapy in a hospital setting.

Microbial Signatures in COVID-19: Distinguishing Mild and Severe Disease via Gut Microbiota.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has significantly impacted global healthcare, underscoring the importance of exploring the virus's effects on infected individuals beyond treatments and vaccines. Notably, recent findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can infect the gut, thereby altering the gut microbiota. This study aimed to analyze the gut microbiota composition differences between COVID-19 patients experiencing mild and severe symptoms.

Evaluation of serum and urine biomarkers for severe COVID-19.

Introduction: The new coronavirus disease, COVID-19, poses complex challenges exacerbated by several factors, with respiratory tissue lesions being notably significant among them. Consequently, there is a pressing need to identify informative biological markers that can indicate the severity of the disease. Several studies have highlighted the involvement of proteins such as APOA1, XPNPEP2, ORP150, CUBN, HCII, and CREB3L3 in these respiratory tissue lesions.

Primary Sellar Abscesses: A Systematic Review and 2 Rare Observations.

Background: Abscesses of the chiasmatic-sellar region are quite rare and are often a result of surgical intervention, trauma, or tumor growth. Primary abscesses are extremely rare and represent a group of abscesses the occur because of internal microbial seeding. Primary abscesses are rarely reported.

Surgical Correction of a Clivus Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistula: A Technical Report.

Background: Cerebrospinal fistulas of the clivus region often result from previous surgical intervention at the skull base. The localization and size of the fistula determine the appropriate treatment strategy. When flap closure is not possible, the microsuture technique with autograft placement provides a favorable outcome.

Expanded endoscopic transnasal odontoidectomy and posterior stabilization: a combined approach.

Background: Lesions of the craniovertebral junction are difficult to access, which is due to the anatomical features and high concentration of vital structures in the area. The transoral access has been most used for anterior approach to treat craniovertebral junction pathology. This method has consistently shown a high complication rate and difficulties in-patient rehabilitation.

Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach in Treatment of Germinomas of the Chiasmosellar Region.

Introduction: Germinogenic central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a heterogeneous group of tumors, constituting approximately 0.4% of all primary brain tumors. Removal of the tumor has no prognostic value.

Anatomical Aspects of the Transnasal Endoscopic Access to the Craniovertebral Junction.

Objective: Interest in endoscopic transnasal access has increased with continued technological advances in endoscopic technology. The goals of this study were to review the normal anatomy in transnasal endoscopic neurosurgery and outline the anatomical basis for an expanded surgical approach. Defining anatomical aspects of surgical endoscopy helps guide the surgeon by defining normal anatomy of the access vector.

Endoscopic endonasal transclival removal of tumors of the clivus and anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa (results of surgical treatment of 140 patients).

Background: Until recently, tumors of the clivus and the anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa were considered extremely difficult to access and often inoperable using standard transcranial approaches. With the introduction into the neurosurgical practice of minimally invasive methods utilizing endoscopic techniques, it became possible to effectively remove hard-to-reach tumors, including central tumors of the anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa.

Methods: From 2008 to the present time, the inpatient institution has operated on 140 patients with various tumors of the base of the skull, localized to the clivus and anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa (65 men and 75 women).

Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach to Tumors of the Clivus and Anterior Region of the Posterior Cranial Fossa (Results of Surgical Treatment of 136 Patients).

Introduction: With the introduction into the neurosurgical practice of minimally invasive methods using endoscopic techniques, it became possible to effectively remove hard-to-reach tumors, including central tumors of the anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa.

Objective: To analyze the results of surgical treatment of patients with various centrally located tumors of the base of the skull that extend into the anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa using the endoscopic endonasal transclival approach.

Methods: The personal surgical experience of the first author is 136 patients with various tumors (e.

Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach to Tumors of the Clivus and Anterior Region of the Posterior Cranial Fossa: An Anatomic Study.

Objective: To present the basic topographic and anatomic features of the clivus and adjacent structures with an objective of possible improvements and optimization of the extended endoscopic endonasal posterior (transclival) approach when removing tumors of the clivus and anterior regions of the posterior cranial fossa.

Materials And Methods: A craniometric study was conducted on 125 human skulls. A topographic anatomic study was conducted on 25 cadaver head specimens with arterial and venous beds stained with colored silicone, according to the method developed by us, to visualize its features and individual variability.

Making Anatomic Preparations of the Human Brain Using Colored Silicone for Vascular Perfusion Staining (Technical Description).

Background: A thorough understanding of the central nervous system anatomy is a fundamental part of a neurosurgeon's training. Development of novel neurosurgical approaches and optimization of existing ones directly depend on the comprehensive study of topographic anatomy of the head and neck using cadaveric specimens. Staining the vessels of the arterial and venous systems of a cadaveric specimen aids a detailed study of the vascularization of anatomic structures of the brain.

Genome analysis of E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients.

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). The phylogeny of E.

Neurophysiological Identification of Cranial Nerves During Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery of Skull Base Tumors: Pilot Study Technical Report.

Introduction: Intraoperative identification of cranial nerves is crucial for safe surgery of skull base tumors. Currently, only a small number of published papers describe the technique of trigger electromyography (t-EMG) in endoscopic endonasal removal of such tumors.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of t-EMG in preventing intraoperative cranial nerve damage in endoscopic endonasal surgery of skull base tumors.

Surgical Treatment of Skull Base Tumors, Extending to Craniovertebral Junction.

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of 2 groups of patients with skull base chordomas extending onto the craniovertebral junction, who underwent surgical treatment using extracranial approaches with and without craniocervical fusion.

Methods: The study group included 29 patients with skull base chordomas, extending to the craniovertebral junction, who were operated on from 2000 to 2015. The patients underwent the following surgical treatment: posterior craniocervical fusion followed by tumor removal using transoral and combined transoral and transnasal approaches.