[A new approach to the rating of psychological disadaptation in extreme conditions].

Infraconscious psychic adaptation and role of the sympathoadrenal system (SAS), the front defense echelon of organism, were investigated in 48 men under the chronic stress in the zone of hostilities on the days out. The purpose was to define and to verify individual quantitative predictors of psychic deadaptation. The investigation was fulfilled with the method of neurosemantic diagnostics ("ousting"--"accentuation" of traumatic information by way of catatonic psychological protection on the level of perception) and computerized determination of the EEG alpha-intensity (Kvasovets et al.

[Normobaric intermittent hypoxia and functional state of the erythrocyte pool].

Functional state of the pool of erythrocytes was evaluated in ten essentially healthy male subjects before, during and in 2 months after a series of 15 exposures to normobaric intermittent hypoxia (NIH). The erythrocyte pool dynamics, hemoglobin content, low and highly resistive fractions of erythrocytes were analyzed using a modified acidic histogram technique. It was demonstrated that the erythrocyte pool was either in the state of destruction (concurrent to the NIH exposure) or ensuing persistent improvement of the functional characteristics under study.

[New criteria for prediction of individual endurance of physical stress].

A team of eight triathlon athletes was tested for endurance to extreme physical stress during training session. Two new functional parameters were analyzed, i.e.

[New principles in the assessment of body functional status during sanatorium treatment].

151 children aged 6-14 years received sanatorium treatment in Gelenzhik. The children were examined clinically before and after the treatment with estimation of nonspecific adaptation of the organism (NSAO) by L. Kh.

[Adrenoreactivity as a criterion for the evaluation of some professionally important qualities of the human operator].

Adrenoreactivity parameter (beta-ARM, one of the characteristics of individual sympathoadrenal system (SAS), can enhance the system of professional psycho-logical screening (PPS). The parameter is determined with a new technique of quantifying changes in osmoresistance of erythrocytes in the presence of adrenoblocker. The normal beta-ARM range lies within 2.

[Informational assets of glucose tolerance test in evaluation of endurance to psychoemotional stress].

Psychoemotional stresses were simulated in male volunteers in order to evaluate the predictive value of the glucose-tolerance test patterns. As was found, the predictive information is provided by the following parameters: Rafalsky and Boduen coefficients, glucose levels during 60-min testing, and the hypoinsulinemia coefficient. Operator's performance under the condition of time constraint is directly dependent on the insulin content.

[The state of one of the erythropoiesis regulatory mechanisms after ionizing radiation exposure].

New quantitative criteria of erythrocytes functional state, based on automated registration of acid erythrogramme parameters, have been proposed. Enwidened analysis of adaptive processes in rats erythropoietic system after ionizing radiation exposure (gamma-rays, 60Co, in doses 0.5; 1.

[Informative value of erythrocyte function in the assessment of ionizing radiation effect].

Proposed are new quantitative criteria of the functional state of erythrocytes based on automated recording parameters of the acid hemolysis erythrogram. Extended analysis of adaptation of the red blood system in rats exposed to ionizing radiation (60CO, 1.25 MeV, 0.

[Criterion significance of erythrocyte membranes adrenoreceptors functional index for evaluating the functional state of human operator].

In 30 human volunteers who performed operator activity for 25 min on the stand trainer there have been determined the pre- and post-operation magnitude of beta-adrenoception of the cellular membranes (beta-APM) by applying the author's method (Russian Federation Patent), hemodynamic indices, osmoresistance of erythrocytes and the content of total bilirubin in the blood. The quality of operator activity was determined from the amount of erroneous actions and from time (T) spent for their clearing. There exists the direct correlation between the magnitudes of beta-APM and T within the mean ranges of their magnitudes (on evidence derived from histograms).

[Indicator of adrenoreceptors in cell membranes: reference values and informative validity in the assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system].

A new method of individual determination of sympathoadrenal activity (SAA) uses the parameter of beta-adrenoreception in cell membranes (beta-ARM) based on the erythrocyte model. Correlation of an individual reference beta-ARM value with specific features of hypertension states, and CVS responses to psychoemotional stress was studied. Described are the method, and normal distribution of individual beta-ARM values in healthy flyers, aviation students, non-flyers, and aviators with diagnosed the neurocirculatory dystonia of hypertensive type and patients with the hypertonic disease of 2nd stage (the overall numbers of subjects = 221).

[Adrenoreceptors of cell membranes as indicators of strain of the cardiovascular system].

The study covered 226 individuals including 40 apparently healthy subjects, 30 patients with vasoneurosis accompanied by arterial hypertension, 23 patients with I stage arterial hypertension and 83 patients with II stage arterial hypertension. The aim was to evaluate some parameters of myocardium and response of cardiovascular system exposed to modified psychoemotional Kreppelin test. Basic value of beta-adrenoreactivity in cellular membranes appeared to be important in manifold evaluation of cardiovascular strain.

[The relationship between cell membrane adrenoreceptor response and insulinemia in hypertension patients undergoing calcium antagonist treatment].

Dynamics of correlations between the absolute values and individual changes in adrenoception of erythrocytes and insulinemia was studied in 17 patients with hypertension (II stage) prior to and after 2-month treatment by calcium antagonists. Clear correlation is observed between the sensitivity of alpha- and beta- adrenoceptors and reduction of insulinemia after treatment with calcium antagonists (r = -0.77, p < 0.

[The effect of calcium antagonists on the biochemical and immune status of hypertension patients].

The immunological and biochemical parameters were studied in patients with Stage II hypertensive disease (HD) before and 2 months after course treatment with calcium antagonists of the dihydropyridine series (siscor and nitrepine). The metabolic mechanisms of the therapeutical action of these drugs were found to affect all specific features of the immune and biochemical status typical of hypertensives. One should identify the priority links which are unambiguously positive and the next links which rank to them, i.

[Red blood function in systematic exposure to +Gz g-forces].

In 8 healthy men exposed within a year to systematic +Gz accelerations with cycles of 2-month work on centrifuge followed by a month rest the functional state of the red blood cells was studied repeatedly and once in 26 fighter pilots. The blood was tested for such indices as hemoglobin, reticulocyte and erythrocyte counts; the functional state of erythrocyte pool was tested using a modified method of acidic erythrograms enabling one to record kinetic parameters of hemolysis: maximum rate of hemolysis and time of its development. Intensity of loads in the cycles of centrifuging was estimated from the Barton index.

[Reaction of various components of the erythrocyte system to periodic action of submaximal loads].

During repeated exposures of rats to hypergravity two stages of catabolic and adaptive developments in red blood were distinguished. The first stage that lasted about a week was characterized by decrease of resistance and hemolysis of red blood cells, hemosiderosis in the spleen, circulation hypoxia in the liver. The second stage was characterized by the predominance of adaptive processes, viz.

[Various aspects of applied biochemical studies in aviation medicine].

This paper presents a review of Soviet and foreign publications (1955-1985) containing biochemical data obtained during real and simulated aircraft flights. The paper discusses the results accumulated before and after flights of varying duration, when performing tasks of different complexity and by pilots with different professional skills. Special attention is given to the studies in which biochemical parameters have been used as a measure of recovery and professional adequacy.

[Characteristics of the reactions to active orthostatic and water loading tests in persons with varying resistance to +Gz loads].

Thirty-seven healthy male test subjects, aged 19-21, with different +Gz acceleration tolerance were examined. Their blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during 5-min tilt tests and 2% water loading tests were measured 2-3 weeks prior to centrifugation. Quantitative evaluation of orthostatic tolerance using an orthostatic index and BP and HR responses to tilt tests before and after water loading revealed specific features of cardiovascular regulation in the subjects with high and low +Gz acceleration tolerance.

[State of the pituitary-adrenal system of cosmonauts after orbital flights of different duration].

In order to assess the hypophyseal-adrenal system and glucocorticoid activity, excretion of total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-HOCS) was measured before and at R + 1 day after a standard water load (20 ml/kg). Twenty-six cosmonauts were examined after flights of 2--140 days. Although the cosmonauts spent different time in weightlessness, the content and rate of glucocorticoid excretion in the urine during postflight water loads was 1.