Precision Calculation of the Electromagnetic Radii of the Proton and Neutron from Lattice QCD.

We present lattice-QCD results for the electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron including both quark-connected and -disconnected contributions. The parametrization of the Q^{2} dependence of the form factors is combined with the extrapolation to the physical point. In this way, we determine the electric and magnetic radii and the magnetic moments of the proton and neutron.

Effect of folic acid on isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Background: Isoprenaline (ISO), a synthetic catecholamine and a β-adrenoceptor agonist, is widely used to develop an experimental model of myocardial injury (MI) in rats. The leading hypothesis for ISO-induced MI in rats is that it results from catecholamine overstimulation, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and development of cardiomyopathy during ISO administration. Folic acid (FA) reduces oxidative stress, improves endothelial function and prevents apoptosis, thereby contributing to cardiovascular protection.

Nucleon Sigma Terms with N_{f}=2+1 Flavors of O(a)-Improved Wilson Fermions.

We present a lattice-QCD based analysis of the nucleon sigma terms using gauge ensembles with N_{f}=2+1 flavors of O(a)-improved Wilson fermions, with a complete error budget concerning excited-state contaminations, the chiral interpolation as well as finite-size and lattice spacing effects. We compute the sigma terms determined directly from the matrix elements of the scalar currents. The chiral interpolation is based on SU(3) baryon chiral perturbation theory using the extended on-mass shell renormalization scheme.

Cardioprotective effects of liraglutide pretreatment on isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, especially myocardial injury. Due to their hypoglycemic effects, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are efficiently used for T2DM management. GLP-1RAs also have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects and can improve cardiac function.

Preparation of Functionalized Amides Using Dicarbamoylzincs.

We report a new convenient preparation of dicarbamoylzincs of type (R R NCO) Zn by the treatment of ZnCl and formamides R R NCHO with LiTMP in THF (15 °C, 15 min) or by the reaction of formamides R R NCHO with TMP Zn (25 °C, 16 h). This second method tolerates sensitive groups such as an ester, ketone or nitro function. Reaction of these dicarbamoylzincs with allylic, benzylic, aryl, alkenyl bromides, acid chlorides, aldehydes or enones provided various polyfunctional amides in 47-97 % yields.

Continuous Flow Acylation of (Hetero)aryllithiums with Polyfunctional N,N-Dimethylamides and Tetramethylurea in Toluene.

The continuous flow reaction of various aryl or heteroaryl bromides in toluene in the presence of THF (1.0 equiv) with sec-BuLi (1.1 equiv) provided at 25 °C within 40 sec the corresponding aryllithiums which were acylated with various functionalized N,N-dimethylamides including easily enolizable amides at -20 °C within 27 sec, producing highly functionalized ketones in 48-90 % yield (36 examples).

Regioselective difunctionalization of pyridines 3,4-pyridynes.

A new regioselective 3,4-difunctionalization of 3-chloropyridines 3,4-pyridyne intermediates is reported. Regioselective lithiation of 3-chloro-2-ethoxypyridine and a related 2-thio-derivative followed by treatment with aryl- and alkylmagnesium halides as well as magnesium thiolates at -78 °C produced 3,4-pyridynes during heating to 75 °C. Regioselective addition of the Grignard moiety in position 4 followed by an electrophilic quench in position 3 led to various 2,3,4-trisubstituted pyridines.

Selective Acylation of Aryl- and Heteroarylmagnesium Reagents with Esters in Continuous Flow.

A selective acylation of readily accessible organomagnesium reagents with commercially available esters proceeds at convenient temperatures and short residence times in continuous flow. Flow conditions allow us to prevent premature collapse of the hemiacetal intermediates despite noncryogenic conditions, thus furnishing ketones in good yields. Throughout, the coordinating ability of the ester and/or Grignard was crucial for the reaction outcome.

Strange Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Nucleon with N_{f}=2+1 O(a)-Improved Wilson Fermions.

We present results for the strange contribution to the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon computed on the coordinated lattice simulation ensembles with N_{f}=2+1 flavors of O(a)-improved Wilson fermions and an O(a)-improved vector current. Several source-sink separations are investigated in order to estimate the excited-state contamination. We calculate the form factors on six ensembles with lattice spacings in the range of a=0.

Radiographic changes in alveolar bone height on overdenture abutments: a longitudinal study.

Objective: Stabilisation of partial dentures is an important part of prosthodontic treatment, particularly in patients with an excessive reduction in alveolar bone supporting their abutment teeth. In these cases, overdenture prostheses are one possible treatment choice.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of overdentures on the condition of alveolar bone of the remaining teeth, and to evaluate the overdenture concept in the prosthetic treatment of partially edentulous patients.

Balancing the role of the dental school in teaching, research and patient care; including care for underserved areas.

Inequalities within dentistry are common and are reflected in wide differences in the levels of oral health and the standard of care available both within and between countries and communities. Furthermore there are patients, particularly those with special treatment needs, who do not have the same access to dental services as the general public. The dental school should aim to recruit students from varied backgrounds into all areas covered by the oral healthcare team and to train students to treat the full spectrum of patients including those with special needs.

Quantum electrodynamics for vector mesons.

Quantum electrodynamics for rho mesons is considered. It is shown that, at the tree level, the value of the gyromagnetic ratio of the rho+ is fixed to 2 in a self-consistent effective quantum field theory. Further, the mixing parameter of the photon and the neutral vector meson is equal to the ratio of electromagnetic and strong couplings, leading to the mass difference M(rho0)-M(rho+/-) approximately 1 MeV at tree order.

Universality of the rho meson coupling in effective field theory.

It is shown that both the universal coupling of the rho meson and the Kawarabayashi-Suzuki-Riadzuddin-Fayyazuddin expression for the magnitude of its coupling constant follow from the requirement that chiral perturbation theory of pions, nucleons, and rho mesons is a consistent effective field theory. The prerequisite of the derivation is that all ultraviolet divergences can be absorbed in the redefinition of fields and the available parameters of the most general effective Lagrangian.

Comparison of S100 protein and MIA protein as serum marker for malignant melanoma.

Background: Detection of S100 beta in serum has been shown to be a significant prognostic marker for malignant melanoma in earlier studies. Melanoma inhibiting activity (MIA) has recently been detected as a new serum marker for malignant melanoma.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, serum levels of S100 beta protein and MIA were measured over a time period of up to 18 months in 271 serum samples from 65 melanoma patients at different stages of disease, during chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy.

Guided tissue regeneration around dental implants in immediate extraction sockets: comparison of e-PTFE and a new titanium membrane.

To evaluate the efficacy of guided tissue regeneration around exposed implant threads, 16 implants were placed into fresh extraction sockets in beagle dogs. Polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membranes and titanium membranes were used to cover the defects around implants. A control group did not receive any membranes.

The prevalence of periodontal disease in children and young adults in Yugoslavia.

The prevalence of periodontal disease and its severity in children and young adults in the republics of the SFR Yugoslavia have been assessed. Although some regional differences have been reported the overall pattern is that periodontal disease in Yugoslavia has similar characteristics to the disease found elsewhere in Europe. Data for tooth loss indicate the importance of periodontal disease as a reason for extractions in those who are over 35 years of age.

Effects of oral hygiene on periodontal tissues in a town in Yugoslavia.

We examined 1316 pupils, average age 16.6 years, in a small town in Serbia. The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of the oral hygiene on the condition of the periodontal tissues and the frequency of gingivitis and periodontal disease and their severity in this age group.