Postoperative Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Patients With and Without Preoperative Colonization.

Importance: Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections (SSIs) and bloodstream infections (BSIs) are important complications of surgical procedures for which prevention remains suboptimal. Contemporary data on the incidence of and etiologic factors for these infections are needed to support the development of improved preventive strategies.

Objectives: To assess the occurrence of postoperative S aureus SSIs and BSIs and quantify its association with patient-related and contextual factors.

The Different Clinical Courses of Legionnaires' Disease in Newborns from the Same Maternity Hospital.

In children, the incidence of Legionnaires' disease (LD) is unknown, hospital-acquired LD is associated with clinical risk factors and environmental risk, and children with cell-mediated immune deficiency are at high risk of infection. Both newborns were born in the same delivery room; stayed in the same hospital room where they were cared for, bathed, and breastfed; were male; were born on time, with normal birth weight, and with high Apgar score at birth; and survived this severe infection (, serogroup 2-15) but with different clinical courses. In neonate 1, bleeding in the brain, thrombosis of deep pelvic veins, and necrosis of the lungs, which left behind cystic and cavernous changes in the lungs, were found, while neonate 2 suffered from pneumonia alone.

An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in newborns in Serbia.

Legionnaires' disease is an atypical pneumonia caused by inhaling small droplets of water containing the bacterium Legionella spp. In newborns, it is a rare event, usually associated with water births and the use of air conditioning systems or air humidifiers. A nosocomial outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in the maternity ward of a secondary-care hospital in Arandjelovac, Serbia is described.

Antimicrobial Use in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19: An International Multicentre Point-Prevalence Study.

Studies suggest that the incidence of coinfections in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is low, but a large number of patients receive antimicrobials during hospitalisation. This may fuel a rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We conducted a multicentre point-prevalence survey in seven tertiary university hospitals (in medical wards and intensive care units) in Croatia, Italy, Serbia and Slovenia.

Epidemiology and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections caused by .

(PA) is a globally recognized cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of our cross-sectional study, conducted in a Serbian tertiary care hospital, was to investigate clinical characteristics of HAIs caused by the PA, the prevalence of various drug-resistant phenotypes of this pathogen, and risk factors for their occurrence. Prolonged ICU stay and previous carbapenem administration were independent risk factors for HAIs caused by carbapenem-resistant PA, while HAIs caused by multidrug-resistant PA were more frequent in patients with prolonged stay in an ICU, who were previously hospitalized at another department and previously treated with aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones or glycopeptides.

Predictors of antibiotic utilization among intensive care unit patients.

Increased antibiotic utilization in hospital is linked to higher total treatment costs, together with increased length of stay, surgery and emergency admission. The aim of our retrospective cohort study was to investigate predictors of antibiotic utilization per single patient from an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care, university hospital in Serbia. Average utilization of antibiotics per patient was 23.

Antimicrobial susceptibility among urinary Escherichia coli isolates from female outpatients: age-related differences.

Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common problems in women, and important reason for visiting primary care physicians, resulting in substantial financial burden to community. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance rates of E. coli to commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs for community-acquired UTIs in women and to establish the association between age and resistance to antibiotics among isolates of E.

Previous Antibiotic Exposure and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of spp. and aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Nosocomial Infections.

Background: The alarming spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing healthcare-associated infections has been extensively reported in recent medical literature.

Aims: To compare trends in antimicrobial consumption and development of resistance among isolates of spp. and that cause hospital infections.

Correlation between cefepime utilisation and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance rates to β-lactams and carbapenems in patients with healthcare-associated infections.

Objectives: There is direct link between overutilisation or abuse of antibiotics and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance rates, but other factors may also influence the resistance rate. This study aimed to observe changes in P. aeruginosa resistance rates in patients with hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) following a period of cefepime unavailability in an ICU.

Influence of regular reporting on local Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. sensitivity to antibiotics on consumption of antibiotics and resistance patterns.

What Is Known And Objective: Regular surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is an important component of multifaceted interventions directed at the problem with resistance of bacteria causing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in intensive care units (ICUs). Our aim was to analyse antimicrobial consumption and resistance among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. causing HAIs, before and after the introduction of mandatory reporting of resistance patterns to prescribers.

Distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens isolated from adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are the most common hospital infections with the highest prevalence in intensive care units (ICU). The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of bacterial pathogens isolated from ICU patients with HAP/VAP and reveal their susceptibility rates in order to establish a basis for empirical antibiotic therapy. Prospective cohort study was conducted in central ICU of Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Serbia, from January 2009 to December 2015, enrolling 620 patients with documented HAP (38.

Risk factors for hospital infections caused by carbapanem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of major causative agents of severe, life-threatening hospital infections (HIs), especially in intensive care units (ICUs). Our aim was to discover the risk factors associated with the emergence of HIs caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), as well as those associated with death in patients who suffer from such infections.

Methodology: A prospective cohort study was conducted over a five-year period in the medical-surgical ICU of the Clinical Centre in Kragujevac, Serbia.

Risk factors for healthcare-acquired urinary tract infections caused by multi-drug resistant microorganisms.

Introduction: Healthcare-acquired urinary tract infections (HAUTI) make up to 40% of all healthcareacquired infections and contribute significantly to hospital morbidity, mortality, and overall cost of treatment.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate possible risk factors for development of HAUTI caused by multi-drug resistant pathogens.

Methods: The prospective case-control study in a large tertiary-care hospital was conducted during a five-year period.

Using multi-criteria decision making for selection of the optimal strategy for municipal solid waste management.

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is a relatively new tool for decision makers who deal with numerous and often contradictory factors during their decision making process. This paper presents a procedure to choose the optimal municipal solid waste (MSW) management system for the area of the city of Kragujevac (Republic of Serbia) based on the MCDM method. Two methods of multiple attribute decision making, i.

Health care-acquired infections in neonatal intensive care units: risk factors and etiology.

A 1-year prospective cohort study of health care-acquired infections was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit of the University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Serbia. The incidence rate of neonates with health care-acquired infections was 18.6%, and the incidence rate of the infections themselves was 19.

Predictive parameters of survival in hemodialysis patients with restless leg syndrome.

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) affects the quality of life and survival in patients on hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and survival parameters in patients on HD with RLS. This study was a non-randomized clinical study involving 204 patients on HD, of whom 71 were female and 133 were male.

Disseminated Rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Introduction: Rhodococcus (R) equi is an opportunistic, uncommon human pathogen that causes mainly infection in immunocompromised hosts. The disease is usually presented as subacute pneumonia that is mostly cavitary and sometimes bacteremic.

Case Report: We reported the extremly rare case of a 43-year-old woman with Hodgkin lymphoma, who developed R equi pulmonary infection after recieving multiple courses of chemotherapy.

[Risk factors of nosocomial infections caused by piperacillin-tazobactam resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of serious infections in hospitalized patients and is associated with high rates of hospital morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of nosocomial infections caused by piperacillin-tazobactam-resistant P.aeruginosa (PT-RPA).

Long-term outcome of a modified balloon dilatation in the treatment of patients with achalasia.

Background/aim: Balloon dilatation is a standard approach to the initial achalasia treatment. Modified dilatation is also applied to rise efficacy and to lower complications.

Methods: A total of 57 patients were analysed within a median follow-up of 8.

Arteriovenous fistulas and digital hypoperfusion ischemic syndrome in patients on hemodialysis.

Aim: To determine survival parameters as well as characteristics of patients with this syndrome.

Methods: The investigation was conducted over a period of eight years, as a prospective, non-randomized, clinical study which included 204 patients, treated by chronic hemodialysis. Most patients received hemodialysis 12 h per week.

Nosocomial urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species: sensitivity to antibiotics and risk factors.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species frequently cause intrahospital urinary tract infections (IUTI), contributing to increased hospital morbidity and mortality. Our objective was further exploration of possible risk factors for development of IUTI caused by P aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp, including their resistance to various antibiotics.

Methods: The prospective case control study was conducted in Clinical Center Kragujevac, Serbia, during the period January 2009 to December 2011 and covered all patients with IUTI according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria.

Sclerosing mesenteritis as a rare cause of upper ileus.

Introduction: Sclerosing mesenteritis is a rare pathological entity characterized by non-specific tumor-like expansion in mesentery. Accurate diagnosis of this disease is rarely made preoperatively. Surgery takes place in diagnosis, as well in treatment of the disease.

Hospital infections in a neurological intensive care unit: incidence, causative agents and risk factors.

Introduction: Hospital infections (HIs), which are frequently associated with hospital treatment, increase morbidity, mortality and treatment costs. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of HIs in a neurological intensive care unit (nICU), and to determine the most prevalent causative agents and risk factors for HIs.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study with nested case-control design was conducted between 1 July 2009 and 30 June 2010 at an 18-bed neurological intensive care unit at the Clinical Center Kragujevac, Serbia.

[Risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome development in patients with type A influenza (H1N1)].

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a significant complication in patients with type A influenza (H1N1) due to the severity of the disease and adverse outcome.

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify risk factors for the development of ARDS in patients with type A influenza (H1N1) and outcome of ARDS.

Methods: The research was conducted as a case series study, and included patients admitted at the Clinical Center in Kragujevac during the 2009 and 2010 flu season.