Clinical Indicators of Bone Deterioration in Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis and Chronic Alcohol Abuse: Looking beyond Bone Fracture Occurrence.

Although previous studies indicated that chronic alcohol abuse (CAA) and alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) are associated with increased bone fragility, understanding bone fragility determinants is still modest in these individuals. We used a comprehensive individualized clinical fracture risk assessment approach (vertebral osteodensitometry, femoral osteodensitometry and geometry, and serum bone turnover biomarkers) to compare adult male patients with ALC who have not previously had femoral or vertebral fractures ( = 39), patients with CAA (without liver cirrhosis, = 78) who have not previously had femoral or vertebral fractures and healthy age- and sex-matched controls ( = 43). Our data suggested that intertrochanteric bone mineral density was significantly lower in ALC and CAA patients than in controls.

Accidental Sewing Pin Ingestion by a Tailor: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Foreign body ingestion is a frequently encountered emergency in healthcare institutions. It mostly affects pediatric populations, although it can also affect adults with developmental delays, those with psychiatric diseases, drug abusers, and prisoners. Endoscopy is a diagnostic and treatment method for suspected foreign body ingestion.

West Nile Virus Infection in Liver Transplant Recipient With Neither De Novo Infection nor Donor-Derived Infection: A Case Report.

West Nile virus was first described in 1937 and has sinceperiodically appearedin variousparts oftheworld by infecting people and horses. Reported infection symptoms and signs may be highly variable, ranging from fever and myalgias to meningoencephalitis. A 59-year-old patient was admitted to the University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, in September 2018, where livertransplantwasperformedtotreat cirrhosisof ethyl etiology.

Evaluating ground glass opacities (GGO) in the COVID-19 era. Do autoantibodies help?

Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and there have been outbreaks worldwide. The presentation may include unspecific and mild symptoms, myalgia, headaches, high fever, dry cough, severe dyspnea and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Case Study: We present a rare case of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) with interstitial lung disease and without renal involvement misdiagnosed as COVID-19.

Hepcidin Is a Reliable Marker of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Results: There was a high statistically significant difference between IBD patients and controls in levels of hepcidin ( < 0.01). Namely, serum hepcidin levels were significantly higher in the control group.

Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Case Study of the Rare Onset in the First Trimester.

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a gestation-specific liver disorder, defined most often as the onset of pruritus, usually from the third trimester of pregnancy, associated with abnormal liver test results and/or increased total serum bile acids and spontaneous relief after delivery. The 21-year-old patient was admitted to our ward in the 11th week of pregnancy due to raised liver enzymes. The first onset of pruritus and jaundice appeared a month before hospitalization.

A Simple Index for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis-HUFA-Based on Routinely Performed Blood Tests.

Data suggests that nearly 30% of the general population have steatosis and up to 5% of this population develops nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Liver biopsy is still considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of NASH. Great effort is being made toward the identification of sensitive diagnostic tests that do not involve invasive procedures to address a common concern in patients with the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-whether they have NASH or simple steatosis.

The Clinical Importance of Cystatin C and Hepatic Artery Resistive Index in Liver Cirrhosis.

Background: Data suggest cystatin C (CysC) levels and hepatic artery resistive index (HARI) correspond to the progression of chronic liver disease. We aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of these parameters in assessment of fibrosis in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 63 patients with liver cirrhosis.

MDR1 gene polymorphisms are associated with ulcerative colitis in a cohort of Serbian patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease of unknown etiology in which genetic factors contribute to development of disease. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene encoding transporter P-glycoprotein have been associated with IBD, but their role in disease susceptibility remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of three MDR1 polymorphisms, C1236T (rs1128503), G2677T/A (rs2032582) and C3435T (rs1045642), with Serbian IBD patients.

The Polymorphism rs3024505 (C/T) Downstream of the IL10 Gene Is Associated with Crohn's Disease in Serbian Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), manifesting as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by recurring episodes of inflammation in gastrointestinal tract, in which aberrant production of regulatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) presumably plays important role. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that affect IL-10 production, such as rs1800896 (G/A) at position -1082 and rs1800871 (C/T) at position -819 in the promoter region of the IL10 gene, have been associated with CD and/or UC, but the results were inconsistent. Another SNP that may alter IL-10 production, rs3024505 (C/T) located immediately downstream of the IL10 gene has been recently identified.

siMS Score: Simple Method for Quantifying Metabolic Syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate siMS score and siMS risk score, novel continuous metabolic syndrome scores as methods for quantification of metabolic status and risk.

Materials And Methods: Developed siMS score was calculated using formula: siMS score = 2*Waist/Height + Gly/5.6 + Tg/1.

Assessment of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic liver disease.

Background/aim: In recent years mental health of patients including those with chronic liver disease (CLD), has become interesting because its disturbance leads to reduced quality of life, that is associated with worsening of clinical outcome, reduced compliance and increased mortality. The aim of the study was to determinate the frequency and severity of depression and frequency of anxiety in patients with CLD and to assess the contribution of selected socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory risk factors for depression and anxiety.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) and Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) in patients with CLD.

The role of fecal calprotectin in assessment of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Introduction: Calprotectin is a cytoplasmatic protein of neutrophilic granulocytes and it is an established marker for the assessment of localized intestinal inflammation.

Aim: To explore correlation between values of fecal calprotectin and degree of liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy.

Methods: We included 60 patients with liver cirrhosis and 37 healthy patients as controls.

Correlation between extraintestinal manifestations and clinical parameters with the histologic activity index in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Background/aim: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic, idiopathic, inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. The aim of this study was to determine a possible correlation between the clinical parameters of the disease activity degree and the presence of extraintestinal manifestations with disease activity histopathological degree, in patients presented with CD and UC.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 134 patients (67 with CD and UC, respectively) treated at the Clinic of Gastroenterology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade.

Liver function test changes in centrally obese youth with metabolic syndrome in a Serbian population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and liver enzymes in overweight and obese adolescents and young adults.

Methods: A total of 126 overweight and obese adolescents and young adults (age, 15-26 years), 55 (43.6%) with metabolic syndrome and 71 (56.

Plasma homocysteine levels in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background/aim: Homocysteine (2-amino-4-mercaptobutyric acid) is an amino acid that may be found in small quantities in all cells, and is quantitatively the major methionine metabolite. The most prevalent form is protein-bound homocysteine (about 80%), mostly to albumins. If catabolism of homocysteine is impaired either due to enzyme defect or deficiency of required intracellular cofactors, homocysteine accumulates in cells and reaches the circulation.

Gastric adenomyoma.

Background: Gastric adenomyoma is a rare, hamartomatous tumor localized most frequently in the gastric antrum. Review of the available literature shows only sporadic reports or smaller series.

Case Reports: We presented a 72-year-old woman admitted due to epigastric pain with dyspeptic difficulties.

Liver actinomycosis mimicking liver tumour.

Background: The liver actinomycosis is a rare disease associated with complex differentiation from the liver metastases or hepatocellular carcinoma.

Case Report: A 50-year-old immunocompetent female patient was admitted to the Surgical Department in an exhausted condition, with dyspnea, significant weight loss and intermittent fever in the recent two months. Diagnostic procedures that followed, including abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography led us to the diagnosis of metastatic liver disease of unknown etiology with pleural and pericardial effusion.

[Gastro-duodenal ulcers with perforation caused by short-term acetylsalicylic acid ingestion: case report].

Introduction: Acetylsalicylic acid ingestion may cause serious gastrointestinal toxicity, in particular bleeding or perforated peptic ulcer.

Case Outline: A 72-year-old male patient presented with diffuse abdominal pain, malaise, and dark stools. Several days before hospitalization, he had cerebrovascular insult and began to use acetylsalicylic acid of 100 mg per day.

[Sepsis as a cause of intrahepatic cholestasis].

Introduction: The causes of intrahepatic cholestasis include cholestatic viral hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, benign recurrent cholestasis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and sepsis. During sepsis, proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide cause cholestasis by impairing hepatocellular and ductal bile formation.

Case Outline: We report a 48-year-old woman who was admitted to hospital due to malaise, jaundice, fever and pain in the neck.

[Solid cystic pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas].

Solid-cystic-pseudopapillary tumor (SCPT) of the pancreas, described by Frantz (1959), is a very rare clinical pathologic entity with relatively low grade malignant potential. The tumor is more frequent in the body and tail of the pancreas. The majority of patients are young females.

Hepatic tuberculomas. A case report.

Background: The liver is often involved secondarily by sytemic/extrahepatic vascular, metabolic, infectious, granulomatous, and malignant processes.

Case Report: A 57-year old woman was admitted because of fatigue, malaise, night sweating and right upper abdominal quadrant pain. Physical findings revealed pale skin and mucosae, and hepatomegaly.

Doppler hemodynamic study in portal hypertension and hepatic encephalopathy.

Background/aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the differences in the parameters of portal hypertension in two groups of patients with liver cirrhosis, with and without hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

Methodology: 30 patients with liver cirrhosis, 17 (56.7%) of them with HE, were investigated by clinical, neurological, laboratory, endoscopic methods and with color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) at the Institute for Digestive Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Beograde.

[Epoprostenol in the treatment of portopulmonary hypertension].

Primary or non-hemodynamic pulmonary hypertension is characterized by the increased pulmonary arterial pressure, higher than 3.32 kPa, and normal pulmonary capillary pressure less than 1.99 kPa.