Is a Combination of Metals More Toxic to Mosses Than a Single Metal?

Increasing pollution in the environment calls for the precise determination of metal toxicity in plants as they are at the base of the food chain. Mosses are often employed as biomonitors and provide good models for testing metal adsorption. However, species may react differently and many studies only look at one metal at a time, even though toxicity levels are affected by metal combinations.

Dose-volume derived nomogram as a reliable predictor of radiotherapy-induced hypothyroidism in head and neck cancer patients.

Background The aim of this study was to determine the possible predictive value of various dosimetric parameters on the development of hypothyroidism (HT) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with (chemo)radiotherapy. Patients and methods This study included 156 patients with HNSCC who were treated with (chemo)radiotherapy in a primary or postoperative setting between August 2012 and September 2017. Dose-volume parameters as well as V10 toV70, D02 to D98, and the VS10 to VS70 were evaluated.

Multiple Injuries to the Lower Urinary Tract: Two Cases and Comparison with the EAU Guidelines.

Blunt trauma to the lower urinary tract is usually associated with pelvic fractures. The European Association of Urology (EAU) provides guidelines to diagnose and treat these injuries. The guidelines summarise the available evidence and provide recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of these patients.

Adjuvant Cancer Biotherapy by Viscum Album Extract Isorel: Overview of Evidence Based Medicine Findings.

Within the integrative medicine one of the most frequently used adjuvant cancer biotherapies is based on aqueous mistletoe (Viscum album) extracts. Tumor growth inhibition, stimulation of host immune response and improvement of the quality of life are the positive effects of mistletoe therapy described in several preclinical and clinical studies. However, cumulative results of the evidence based medicine findings on such treatments are rarely given.

Review of the current management of upper urinary tract injuries by the EAU Trauma Guidelines Panel.

Context: The most recent European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on urological trauma were published in 2014.

Objective: To present a summary of the 2014 version of the EAU guidelines on upper urinary tract injuries with the emphasis upon diagnosis and treatment.

Evidence Acquisition: The EAU trauma guidelines panel reviewed literature by a Medline search on upper urinary tract injuries; publication dates up to December 2013 were accepted.

Review of the current management of lower urinary tract injuries by the EAU Trauma Guidelines Panel.

Context: The most recent European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on urologic trauma were published in 2014.

Objective: To present a summary of the 2014 version of the EAU guidelines on urologic trauma of the lower urinary tract with an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment.

Evidence Acquisition: The EAU Trauma Panel reviewed the English-language literature via a Medline search for lower urinary tract injury (LUTI) up to November 2013.

EAU guidelines on iatrogenic trauma.

Context: The European Association of Urology (EAU) Trauma Guidelines Panel presents an updated iatrogenic trauma section of their guidelines. Iatrogenic injuries are known complications of surgery to the urinary tract. Timely and adequate intervention is key to their management.

Peyronie's Disease: Nonsurgical Therapy Options.

Peyronie's disease (PD) is a fibrous inelastic scar of the tunica albuginea, leading to penile deformity, penile curvature, shortening, narrowing, and painful erections that subsequently lead to painful or unsatisfying sexual intercourse. No consensus exists yet on the ideal management of PD. This fact is a result of our limited knowledge of its etiology and causative factors.

Infantile Enuresis: Current State-of-the-Art Therapy and Future Trends.

Enuresis nocturna is a widespread problem among children, with up to 25% of all children possibly suffering from this condition. Several therapeutic modalities are currently available. This article reviews current state-of-the-art therapies, highlights current literature, and provides an update on recent developments within the field of enuresis nocturna.

PSA density lower cutoff value as a tool to exclude pathologic upstaging in initially diagnosed unilateral prostate cancer: impact on hemiablative focal therapy.

Purpose: To investigate prostate-specific antigen density as a predictor for pathologic upstaging in patients initially thought to have unilateral prostate cancer.

Methods: We analyzed 438 patients with unilateral prostate cancer in prostate biopsy samples that were treated with radical prostatectomy. Bilateral or extracapsular growth in the final surgical specimens was defined as upstaging.

Preoperative hydronephrosis predicts advanced bladder cancer but is not an independent factor for cancer-specific survival after radical cystectomy.

Introduction: Hydronephrosis and BMI are analyzed together with established factors such as TNM stage and surgical margins in a multivariate modality to investigate their status as independent prognostic factors for bladder cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.

Patients And Methods: We studied a prospective cohort of 328 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer at our institution. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, Kendall-tau rank correlation and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.

Challenging surgical management of a giant inguinoscrotal hernia: report of a case.

This report describes the surgical management of a giant inguinoscrotal hernia, which extended below the patient's knees, causing considerable physical discomfort and impairment of his quality of life. Initial management involved improving the patient's general condition and performing progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum over 18 days. Surgery involved debulking the contents of the massive hernia sac by performing right hemicolectomy and transverse colectomy, repositioning of the small bowel into the abdominal cavity, resection of the giant hernia sac, and plastic reconstruction of the penis and scrotal region.

Complications and long-term outcome of primary obstructive megaureter in childhood.

We assessed the clinical outcome of 49 children with 56 primary obstructive megaureters (POM) treated with the primarily conservative approach recommended by the 2001 German consensus guidelines. POM occurred more often in boys (71%) and on the left side (67%). Forty-three POM (77%) were treated conservatively.

[Conservative management of postoperative urinary incontinence in men].

Urinary incontinence in men most commonly occurs after radical prostatectomy. Of these patients, 3-23% remain incontinent a year after prostatectomy. Data on conservative therapy for postoperative incontinence is contradictory.

[Artificial sphincter for the treatment of incontinence].

The artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) has been successfully implanted in the last 40 years. Continuous improvement of the AUS and increasing experience with the device has led to its widespread acceptance. The major indication is still post-prostatectomy incontinence.

EAU Guidelines on Urethral Trauma.

Context: These guidelines were prepared on behalf of the European Association of Urology (EAU) to assist urologists in the management of traumatic urethral injuries.

Objective: To determine the optimal evaluation and management of urethral injuries by review of the world's literature on the subject.

Evidence Acquisition: A working group of experts on Urological Trauma was convened to review and summarize the literature concerning the diagnosis and treatment of genitourinary trauma, including urethral trauma.

[Reconstructive pelvic surgery. Current status and future perspectives].

Pelvic organ prolapse is a widespread condition that especially affects women. There are a number of conservative and surgical therapeutic options. The choice of therapy should be individually made, depending on factors such as the grade of prolapse and concomitant secondary disorders as well as the age and general condition of the patient.

Survival in prostate cancer patients > or = 70 years after radical prostatectomy and comparison to younger patients.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate and compare the survival in prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) < and > or = 70 years.

Methods: In a prospective cancer database, 626 patients with PCa underwent RP. Patients were categorised into two groups as follows: <70 years (n = 526, young) and > or = 70 years (n = 100, old).

[Kidney injuries].

Most renal injuries in industrialized countries are caused by blunt trauma to the kidney. The management of renal trauma has always been and will always be controversial. Conservative management and aggressive intervention both have their proponents, but conservative treatment is generally favored nowadays, even in the case of grade IV/(V) trauma.

Intestinal reconstruction of the lower urinary tract as a prerequisite for renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVE To report a two-stage protocol for children in whom bladder reconstruction was followed by kidney transplantation, as about a quarter of children requiring a kidney transplantation show significant lower urinary tract dysfunction, and consequently their bladder is unsuitable for a kidney transplant. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twelve children (median age 9.5 years, range 4.

N-3 HUFAs affect fat deposition, susceptibility to oxidative stress, and apoptosis in Atlantic salmon visceral adipose tissue.

We have investigated how n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) in the diet affect fatty acid (FA) utilization, fat storage and oxidative stress (OS) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) white adipose tissue (WAT). Four groups of Atlantic salmon were fed for 21 weeks on one of the four diets supplemented with 23% (of dry matter) lipid. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) levels increased from 10% of total FAs in the rapeseed oil (RO) diet, to 20% in the fish oil (FO) diet, and to 50% and 55% in the DHA-enriched and EPA-enriched diets, respectively.

Is the body mass index a predictor of adverse outcome in prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy in a mid-European study population?

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the histopathological and clinical outcome in prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: In a prospective urological cancer database, 620 patients with prostate cancer had a radical prostatectomy (RP) as a curative treatment. The patients were categorized into three groups of BMI (kg/m(2)); View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hypospadias.

Objective. The great possibility of variations in the clinical presentation of hypospadia, makes its therapy challenging. This has led to the development of a number of techniques for hypospadia repair.