Mutations at Exon 4 Associated with T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Are Facilitated by AID and Formation of Non-B DNA Conformations.

One of the primary reasons behind the pathogenesis of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is the deregulation of the transcription factor . The exon 4 of harbors several driver mutations, which abolishes its DNA-binding ability. The high frequency of C > T or G > A conversion in close vicinity of AID (Activation-induced cytidine deaminase)-hotspot motifs in the deregulated gene prompted us to investigate the role of AID in mutagenesis.

Quantification of geomorphodiversity and its spatial distribution with the flood inundation areas for Assam, India.

Assam, located in the Northeast of India, is highly flood-prone, and the erosional and depositional processes highly influence the landforms. The formation and development of landforms are directly related to the geology, geomorphology, drainage basin characteristics, and soil types of the region. In the present study, a remote sensing and GIS-based geomorphodiversity index (GMI) assessment of Assam is performed using three sub-indices: geodiversity, morphometric diversity, and drainage diversity index.

Incidence of Kawasaki disease among children in Chandigarh, India during 2015-2019: a trend analysis.

Background: Only limited information exists regarding the epidemiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) in low-income and middle-income countries. The present study provides the incidence of KD during 2015-2019 in Chandigarh, north India. Our centre follows the largest KD cohort in India.

Impact of health benefit package policy interventions on service utilisation under government-funded health insurance in Punjab, India: analysis of (PM-JAY).

Background: The design of health benefits package (HBP), and its associated payment and pricing system, is central to the performance of government-funded health insurance programmes. We evaluated the impact of revision in HBP within India's (PM-JAY) on provider behaviour, manifesting in terms of utilisation of services.

Methods: We analysed the data on 1.

Fixed-Dose Combination of Canagliflozin and Metformin as an Adjunct to Diet and Exercise in Indian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from a Multicentric, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase IV Study.

Background: Canagliflozin and metformin fixed-dose combination (CANA/MET FDC), an approved treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India, effectively lowers glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), promotes weight loss, and improves patient adherence. As a regulatory requirement, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CANA/MET FDC in Indian patients with T2DM.

Research Design And Methods: This prospective, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase IV study included Indian patients with T2DM (aged 18-65 years) inadequately controlled on diet and exercise.

Epidemiological predictors of quality of life and the role of early markers in children with cerebral palsy: A multi-centric cross-sectional study.

Background: More than 100 million children in the world have at least one type of disability. Among disabled children, approximately 25% of chronic disabilities are of neurological origin. Cerebral Palsy is the leading cause of chronic disability in children, making them not only physically and mentally handicapped but also socially aloof.

Safety and Efficacy of Golimumab in Indian Patients with Active Spondyloarthritis of Ankylosing Spondylitis or Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multicenter, Noncomparative, Open-Label, Real-World Study.

Background: The safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor therapy for most common rheumatological diseases, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in controlled clinical trials is well-studied. This study evaluated subcutaneous (SC) golimumab in Indian patients with active spondyloarthritis (SpA) of AS or PsA in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: This phase 4, multicenter, prospective, non-comparative, interventional, 24-week study was performed in patients (age ≥18 years) with active SpA of AS or PsA (NCT03733925).

Prevalence, Predictors, and Prognosis of Serious Infections in Takayasu Arteritis: A Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with serious infections in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA).

Methods: Serious infections, defined as infections resulting in hospitalization or death or unusual infections like tuberculosis, were identified from a cohort of patients with TA. Corticosteroid and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) use at the time of serious infection was noted.

SGLT2 Inhibitors: Paradigm Shift from Diabetes Care to Metabolic Care-An Indian Perspective.

The prevalence and burden of diabetes are on the rise in India, making it 'the diabetes capital of the world'. Comorbidities such as obesity, cardiovascular (CV) complications, chronic kidney disease (CKD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and neurodegenerative diseases are common in patients with diabetes. Recent breakthroughs in diabetes medications and continuous glucose monitoring have resulted in a paradigm shift in diabetes care.

Health-related quality of life and its determinants among cancer patients: evidence from 12,148 patients of Indian database.

Background: Cancer survivors experience a decrement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) resulting from the disease as well as adverse effects of therapy. We evaluated the HRQoL of cancer patients, stratified by primary cancer site, stage, treatment response and associated adverse events, along with its determinants.

Methods: Data were collected from 12,148 patients, sampled from seven purposively chosen leading cancer hospitals in India, to elicit HRQoL using the EuroQol questionnaire comprising of 5-dimensions and 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L).

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Denosumab in the Prevention of Skeletal-Related Events Among Patients With Breast Cancer With Bone Metastasis in India.

Purpose: Denosumab is clinically superior to zoledronic acid (ZA) for preventing and delaying time to first and subsequent skeletal-related events (SREs) among patients with breast cancer (BC) with bone metastases. We evaluated the cost and health benefits of denosumab and ZA (once every 4 weeks and once every 12 weeks) among four different molecular subtypes of BC with bone metastases in India.

Materials And Methods: A Markov model was developed in Microsoft Excel to estimate lifetime health consequences and resulting costs among cohort of 1,000 patients with BC with bone metastasis, for three intervention scenarios, namely denosumab (once every 4 weeks), ZA (once every 4 weeks), and ZA (once every 12 weeks).

Cost-Effectiveness of Novel Agent Regimens for Transplant-Eligible Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients in India.

Background: Survival outcomes for multiple myeloma have improved dramatically since the introduction of novel therapeutic agents. While these drugs are highly effective in improving survival outcomes and quality of life in patients with multiple myeloma, they come at a significant cost. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of bortezomib-based triplet or quadruplet drug regimens in isolation and followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) in the Indian context.

Loss of p53 epigenetically modulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer.

Epithelial to Mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives cancer metastasis and is governed by genetic and epigenetic alterations at multiple levels of regulation. It is well established that loss/mutation of p53 confers oncogenic function to cancer cells and promotes metastasis. Though transcription factors like ZEB1, SLUG, SNAIL and TWIST have been implied in EMT signalling, p53 mediated alterations in the epigenetic machinery accompanying EMT are not clearly understood.

"Paediatricians brace thyself" - Healthcare provider perspectives on childhood and adolescent hypertension: A qualitative study.

Context: Paediatric and adolescent hypertension is becoming a public health concern as it contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the problem largely remains undiagnosed. This makes early detection and institution of appropriate preventive measures difficult.

Daratumumab in Indian patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: a prospective, multicenter, phase IV study.

To assess the safety and effectiveness of daratumumab monotherapy in Indian patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. In this prospective, multicenter, phase IV study, patients (aged ≥18 years) received intravenous daratumumab (16 mg/kg) in six cycles. Safety was the primary end point.

Assessment of urban flood susceptibility and role of urban green space (UGS) on flooding susceptibility using GIS-based probabilistic models.

With rapid urbanization, the green space in urban areas is replaced with impervious built-up areas, which increases the frequency of urban floods. Kamrup Metropolitan District, Assam, is near the Brahmaputra and is highly prone to urban flooding. The present study aims to develop the urban flood susceptibility index (FSI) and to analyze the role of urban green space (UGS) as a nature-based solution (NBS) for urban flood susceptibility.

Increased mortality rate in Takayasu arteritis is largely driven by cardiovascular disease-a cohort study.

Objectives: To analyze the risk, causes, and predictors of mortality in Takayasu arteritis (TAK).

Methods: Survival was assessed in a cohort of patients with TAK using Kaplan-Meier curves. Age- and sex-standardized mortality ratio (SMR = observed: expected deaths) for TAK were calculated by applying age- and sex-specific mortality rates for the local population to calculate expected deaths.

Role of daratumumab in the frontline management of multiple myeloma: a narrative review.

Introduction: The prevalence of multiple myeloma (MM) has gradually increased over the last few decades in India due to growing population, better disease awareness, and improved diagnostic procedures. Despite such advances, MM remains an incurable and relapsing disease due to its heterogeneity and genomic instability. With the inclusion of monoclonal antibodies, especially daratumumab in the frontline regimen, the management landscape of MM has improved significantly resulting in better disease control and patient outcomes.

Response of cardiac pulse parameters in humans at various inclinations via 360° rotating platform for simulated microgravity perspective.

On the Earth, the human body is designed and adapted to function under uniform gravitational acceleration. However, exposure to microgravity or weightlessness as experienced by astronauts in space causes significant alterations in the functioning of the human cardiovascular system. Due to limitations in using real microgravity platforms, researchers opted for various ground-based microgravity analogs including head-down tilt (HDT) at fixed inclination.

Financial toxicity of cancer treatment in India: towards closing the cancer care gap.

Background: The rising economic burden of cancer on patients is an important determinant of access to treatment initiation and adherence in India. Several publicly financed health insurance (PFHI) schemes have been launched in India, with treatment for cancer as an explicit inclusion in the health benefit packages (HBPs). Although, financial toxicity is widely acknowledged to be a potential consequence of costly cancer treatment, little is known about its prevalence and determinants among the Indian population.

Evaluating efficiency and equity of prevention and control strategies for rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in India: an extended cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: There is a dearth of evidence on the cost-effectiveness of a combination of population-based primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and control strategies for rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. The present analysis evaluated the cost-effectiveness and distributional effect of primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions and their combinations for the prevention and control of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in India.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed to estimate the lifetime costs and consequences among a hypothetical cohort of 5-year-old healthy children.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Screening of Lip and Oral Cavity Cancers or Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMD) by Frontline Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Oral cancer screening strategies help reduce associated mortality and could be performed by a trained frontline health worker (FHW). The present review aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of commonly used screening modalities for oral cancer performed by FHW in apparently healthy individuals.

Methods: Electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were searched.

'Daily 2-only meals and exercise' lifestyle modification for remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A therapeutic approach.

This case series has documented five patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D), referred to the various Diabetes Reversal Centers of the 'World free of obesity and diabetes' campaign in Maharashtra, India. It demonstrates the therapeutic effects of lifestyle modification for remission of diabetes along with weight reduction and reversal of insulin resistance. This resulted in reduction of their glycated haemoglobin level, which signified the long-term effects of this lifestyle modification.