AKR1B10 and digestive tumors development: a review.

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is a member of the AKR1B subfamily. It is mainly found in cytoplasm, and it is typically expressed in the stomach and intestines. Given that its expression is low or absent in other tissues, AKR1B10 is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for various digestive system diseases.

Fabrication of Polydopamine-Coated High-Entropy MXene Nanosheets for Targeted Photothermal Anticancer Therapy.

Transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) have emerged as a promising class of 2D materials that can be used for various applications. Recently, a new form of high-entropy MXenes has been reported, which contains an increased number of elemental species that can increase the configurational entropy and reduce the Gibbs free energy. The unique structure and composition lead to a range of intriguing and tunable characteristics.

Evaluation of a three-gene methylation model for correlating lymph node metastasis in postoperative early gastric cancer adjacent samples.

Background: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) has a profound impact on the treatment and prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC), yet the existing evaluation methods lack accuracy. Recent research has underscored the role of precancerous lesions in tumor progression and metastasis. The objective of this study was to utilize the previously developed EGC LNM prediction model to further validate and extend the analysis in paired adjacent tissue samples.

Lutetium Texaphyrin-Celecoxib Conjugate as a Potential Immuno-Photodynamic Therapy Agent.

Immuno-photodynamic therapy (IPDT) has emerged as a new modality for cancer treatment. Novel photosensitizers can help achieve the promise inherent in IPDT, namely, the complete eradication of a tumor without recurrence. We report here a small molecule photosensitizer conjugate, LuCXB.

Photo-metallo-immunotherapy: Fabricating Chromium-Based Nanocomposites to Enhance CAR-T Cell Infiltration and Cytotoxicity against Solid Tumors.

The infiltration and cytotoxicity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are crucial for effective elimination of solid tumors. While metallo-immunotherapy is a promising strategy that can activate the antitumor immunity, its role in promoting CAR-T cell therapy remains elusive. The first single-element nanomaterial based on chromium nanoparticles (Cr NPs) for cancer photo-metallo-immunotherapy has been reported previously.

Photosensitive and dual-targeted chromium nanoparticle delivering small interfering RNA YTHDF1 for molecular-targeted immunotherapy in liver cancer.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a promising target for cancer immunotherapy, but delivering therapeutic agents to TAMs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is challenging. In this study, a photosensitive, dual-targeting nanoparticle system (M.RGD@Cr-CTS-siYTHDF1 NPs) was developed.

Phosphoglycerate Kinase 1: An Effective Therapeutic Target in Cancer.

Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) serves as a pivotal enzyme in the cellular glycolysis pathway, facilitating adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production in tumor cells and driving the Warburg effect. PGK1 generates ATP through the reversible phosphorylation reaction of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) to Mg-adenosine-5'-diphosphate (Mg-ADP). In addition to its role in regulating cellular metabolism, PGK1 plays a pivotal role in autophagy induction, regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and various mechanisms including tumor cell drug resistance, and so on.

Targeted disruption of the fusion gene by Cas9/dual-sgRNA inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.

The fusion gene, formed by the fusion of the breakpoint cluster region protein ( ) and the Abl Oncogene 1, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ( ) genes, encodes the BCR-ABL oncoprotein, which plays a crucial role in leukemogenesis. Current therapies have limited efficacy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) because of drug resistance or disease relapse. Identification of novel strategies to treat CML is essential.

Fiber Optic SPR POCT: A Novel Nucleic Acid Detection Biosensor for Environmental Viruses.

In the post-COVID-19 pandemic era, the long-term surveillance of pathogens is still important. The rapid detection of pathogens facilitates the accurate and convenient real-time monitoring of microbial contamination and improves the management of diseases. Here, a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based point of care testing (POCT) approach of microorganism nucleic acids with the guidance of CRISPR enzyme is described, including the application of optical fiber-based detection of trace SARS-CoV2 virus in sewage water on SPR and validation of the plasmonic biosensor for the detection of single-nucleotide mutations in natural water samples.

Liver proteomic analysis reveals the key proteins involved in host immune response to sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is a serious infection-induced response in the host, which can result in life-threatening organ dysfunction. It is of great importance to unravel the relationship between sepsis and host immune response and its mechanisms of action. Liver is one of the most vulnerable organs in sepsis, however, the specific pathogenesis of septic liver injury has not been well understood at the protein level.

Fusobacterium nucleatum-derived small extracellular vesicles facilitate tumor growth and metastasis via TLR4 in breast cancer.

Background: The contributive role of the microbiome in tumor progression has been reported in multiple studies, such as the Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to explore the role of F.

TRIM3 inhibits colorectal cancer cell migration and lipid droplet formation by promoting FABP4 degradation.

This study is to investigate the regulation of TRIM3/FABP4 on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell migration and lipid metabolism. After transfection of HCT116, LoVo, or SW480 cells, the expression of FABP4, TRIM3, N-cadherin, Vimentin, E-cadherin, and lipid droplet (LD) formation-related genes was measured by qRT-PCR or western blot assays. Wound healing and Transwell assays were applied to detect CRC cell migration and invasion abilities.

Kruppel-like factor 5 enhances proliferation, lipid droplet formation and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer by promoting fatty acid binding protein 6 transcription.

Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a standard agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) adjuvant chemotherapy. However, acquired and intrinsic OXA resistance is a primary challenge for CRC treatment. This study investigates the function of the Kruppel-like factor 5/fatty acid binding proteins 6 (KLF5/FABP6) axis in CRC proliferation, lipid droplet formation and OXA resistance.

Expression of AKRs superfamily and prognostic in human gastric cancer.

The human aldo-keto reductase (AKRs) superfamily is involved in the development of various tumors. However, the different expression patterns of AKRs and their prognostic value in gastric cancer (GC) have not been clarified. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression and gene methylation level of AKRs in GC patients and the survival data and immune infiltration based on AKRs expression, using data from different databases.

A Cascade Targeted and Mitochondrion-Dysfunctional Nanomedicine Capable of Overcoming Drug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Chemoresistance is a formidable issue in clinical anticancer therapy and is pertinent to the lowered efficacies of chemotherapeutics and the activated tumor self-repairing proceedings. Herein, bifunctional amphiphiles containing galactose ligands and high-density disulfide are synthesized for encapsulating mitochondrion-targeting tetravalent platinum prodrugs to construct a cascade targeted and mitochondrion-dysfunctional nanomedicine (Gal-NP@TPt). Subsequent investigations verify that Gal-NP@TPt with sequential targeting functions toward tumors and mitochondria improved the spatiotemporal level of platinum.

Circulating Tumor DNA-A Novel Biomarker of Tumor Progression and Its Favorable Detection Techniques.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world and seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The diagnostic techniques for tumors mainly include tumor biomarker detection, instrumental examination, and tissue biopsy. In recent years, liquid technology represented by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has gradually replaced traditional technology with its advantages of being non-invasive and accurate, its high specificity, and its high sensitivity.

Regulation of progesterone receptor expression in endometriosis, endometrial cancer, and breast cancer by estrogen, polymorphisms, transcription factors, epigenetic alterations, and ubiquitin-proteasome system.

The uterus and breasts are hormone-responsive tissues. Progesterone and estradiol regulate gonadotropin secretion, prepare the endometrium for implantation, maintain pregnancy, and regulate the differentiation of breast tissue. Dysregulation of these hormones causes endometriosis, endometrial cancer, and breast cancer, damaging the physical and mental health of women.

Yin Yang 1 promotes aggressive cell growth in high-grade breast cancer by directly transactivating kinectin 1.

Invasive cancer growth and metastasis account for the poor prognosis of high-grade breast cancer. Recently, we reported that kinectin 1 (KTN1), a member of the kinesin-binding protein family, promotes cell invasion of triple-negative breast cancer and high-grade breast cancer cells by augmenting the NF-κB signaling pathway. However, the upstream mechanism regulating KTN1 is unknown.

Carbon Dots in Biomedicine: A Review.

Despite the rapid development of science and technology, the effective treatment of cancer still threatens human life and health. However, the success of cancer treatment is closely related to early diagnosis, identification, and effective treatment. In recent years, with the strengthening of the development and research of nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment, researchers have found that carbon dots (CDs) have the advantages of wide absorption, excellent biocompatibility, diverse imaging characteristics, and photostability and are widely used in various fields, such as sensing, imaging, and drug/gene transportation.

Downregulation of hsa_circRNA_0001400 Helps to Promote Cell Apoptosis Through Disruption of the circRNA_0001400-miR-326 Sponge in Cervical Cancer Cells.

In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to serve as essential regulators in several human cancers. Nevertheless, the function and mechanism of circRNAs in cervical cancer remain elusive. Flow cytometry assays were performed to measure cell apoptosis and cell cycle.

Stabilization of UCA1 by N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation modification promotes colorectal cancer progression.

Background: UCA1 is frequently upregulated in a variety of cancers, including CRC, and it can play an oncogenic role by various mechanisms. However, how UCA1 is regulated in cancer is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine whether RNA methylation at N6-methyladenosine (m6A) can impact UCA1 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC).