Unveiling Diagnostic Clues of NTRK-Rearranged Spindle Cell Neoplasms in Fine-Needle Aspiration Specimens.

NTRK (neurotropic tropomyosin receptor kinase)-rearranged spindle cell tumours represent a rare group of molecularly defined soft tissue neoplasms. These tumours, excluding infantile fibrosarcomas, are characterised by NTRK gene rearrangements and exhibit a range of histomorphologies, including spindle, epithelioid or rhabdoid cells with invasive growth. Their prognosis correlates with histological grade, and surgical resection is the primary treatment.

Development of automated neural network prediction for echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction.

Introduction: The echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is fundamental to the diagnosis and classification of patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods: This paper aimed to quantify LVEF automatically and accurately with the proposed pipeline method based on deep neural networks and ensemble learning. Within the pipeline, an Atrous Convolutional Neural Network (ACNN) was first trained to segment the left ventricle (LV), before employing the area-length formulation based on the ellipsoid single-plane model to calculate LVEF values.

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy achieved a pathologic complete response in stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma harboring fusion: a case report.

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy has demonstrated significant benefit for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) excluding known genetic alterations. Recent evidence has shown that neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy could be clinically valuable in resectable localized driver gene-mutant NSCLC, though the data still lack robust support, especially for rare oncogenic mutations. Here, we report a patient with stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma with a fusion gene and high expression of PD-L1 who underwent neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and successfully attained a pathologic complete response.

Case report metastatic SMARCB1 (INI1)-deficient gastric undifferentiated carcinoma in pleural effusion: A case report and literature review.

INI1-deficient gastric undifferentiated carcinoma is a rare tumour that may present as high-grade epithelioid morphology without apparent rhabdoid tumour cells. Syncytial tumour cells may be a crucial clue in such cases, especially in cytological specimens. Cell block and immunocytochemical staining can be valuable tools in achieving an accurate diagnosis.

Detection of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in pleural effusion with immunocytochemistry and determination of HEY1::NCOA2 fusion by next-generation sequencing on cell block.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is a rare but extremely aggressive type of chondrosarcoma distinguished by the presence of both primitive mesenchymal cells and fully developed chondroid tissue. The identification of a biphasic morphology in pleural effusion, along with detection of the HEY1::NCOA2 fusion using next-generation sequencing, serve as vital indicators for an accurate diagnosis.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Paranasal Sinuses with Intracranial Extension: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that were initially identified in the pleura. SFTs in the nasal or paranasal sinuses are especially rare. Most SFTs exhibit indolent behavior, with a low local recurrence rate.

TRIM34 modulates influenza virus-activated programmed cell death by targeting Z-DNA-binding protein 1 for K63-linked polyubiquitination.

Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is an innate sensor of influenza A virus (IAV) that participates in IAV-induced programmed cell death. Nevertheless, little is known about the upstream signaling pathways regulating ZBP1. We found that a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family, TRIM34, interacted with ZBP1 to promote its K63-linked polyubiquitination.

A Tensor-Based Catheter and Wire Detection and Tracking Framework and Its Clinical Applications.

Objective: Catheters and wires are used extensively in cardiac catheterization procedures. Detecting their positions in fluoroscopic X-ray images is important for several clinical applications such as motion compensation and co-registration between 2D and 3D imaging modalities. Detecting the complete length of a catheter or wire object as well as electrode positions on the catheter or wire is a challenging task.

Targeting the KIF4A/AR Axis to Reverse Endocrine Therapy Resistance in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Emerging evidence indicates that castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is often driven by constitutively active androgen receptor (AR) or its V7 splice variant (AR-V7) and commonly becomes resistant to endocrine therapy. The aim of this work is to evaluate the function of a kinesin protein, KIF4A, in regulating AR/AR-V7 in prostate cancer endocrine therapy resistance.

Experimental Design: We examined KIF4A expression in clinical prostate cancer specimens by IHC.

Core-Shell NaHoF@TiO NPs: A Labeling Method to Trace Engineered Nanomaterials of Ubiquitous Elements in the Environment.

Understanding the fate and behavior of nanoparticles (NPs) in the natural environment is important to assess their potential risk. Single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) allows for the detection of NPs at extremely low concentrations, but the high natural background of the constituents of many of the most widely utilized nanoscale materials makes accurate quantification of engineered particles challenging. Chemical doping, with a less naturally abundant element, is one approach to address this; however, certain materials with high natural abundance, such as TiO NPs, are notoriously difficult to label and differentiate from natural NPs.