Brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism with multiple lesions.

Brown tumors are rare focal giant-cell lesions that arise as a direct result of the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone tissue in some patients with hyperparathyroidism. Browns tumor is a syndrome associated with an increase in PTH levels by parathyroid glands resulting in hypercalcemia. In the present case report, a 44-year-old female patient presented with a rare case of brown tumor with multiple lesions in the head-and-neck region.

Odontogenic carcinosarcoma - A rare case report with review of literature.

Odontogenic carcinosarcoma (OCS) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor (OT) with only a few cases reported in the literature. Its synonyms are ameloblastic carcinosarcoma, malignant mixed OT. It is characterized by a true mixed tumor showing malignant cytology of both epithelial and mesenchymal components.

Cholesteatoma of Maxillary Sinus Simulating Neoplasia: A Rare Case Report.

The term cholesteatoma refers to "chole": cholesterol, "steat": fat and "oma,": "tumor". This tumor has been reported to be the most common in the middle ear. The occurrence of such a tumor in the maxillary sinus is deemed to be very rare and hardly 4 cases were reported in India and 26 cases described worldwide.

Evaluation of immunomorphological patterns of cervical lymph nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The Immunomorphological patterns of Lymph Nodes indirectly assess the host immune response facing a malignant tumor. These patterns also help us predict the susceptibility of the patient to Lymph Node Metastasis.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the Immunomorphological patterns of Lymph Nodes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and to correlate them with the histopathological subtype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, TNM staging and the degree of tumor involvement within the Lymph Nodes.

Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Introduction: Heat shock proteins are biomarkers regulating the degree of differention and aggressiveness in oral carcinogenesis. The study was carried out to evaluate the expression of HSP 70 in histological grades of epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma using immunohistochemistry.

Methodology: A sample of 40, which included 10 (Normal), 15 (epithelial dysplasia) and 15 (oral squamous cell carcinoma) were selected.

Human Papillomavirus Detection in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using p16 Immunohistochemistry.

Introduction: Oral cancer ranks third among all cancers in the Indian population with approximately 45% of call cancer cases in India being diagnosed as oral cancer, among which 20%-50% of the cases are observed to be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Aim: This study aims to detect and evaluate the presence of p16 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Materials And Methods: This study was based on samples collected from 21 patients with primary OPSCC who were diagnosed and treated during the period of December 2017-March 2018.

Evaluation of genotoxicity by micronucleus assay in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma with deleterious habits.

Background: Oral cancer is the 12 most common cancer in women and the 6 in men. Of all oral malignancies, more than 92-95% is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). The high risk was due to Lifestyle-related habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, chewing of areca nut related products which are considered as the major risk factors in OSCC.

Lymphoma in an extraction socket.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy that can involve both lymph node and lymphoid organs as well as extranodal organs and tissues. The aim of presenting this case of NHL is to highlight the suspicion of its occurrence in the region of unhealed extraction sockets and the significance of its awareness. NHL can be presented in various forms; therefore, a thorough knowledge regarding this malignancy is essential for arriving at the earliest possible diagnosis and therapy for the patient.

The "TROJAN HORSE" of a Dental Visit - Synovial Sarcoma.

The term "synovial sarcoma (SS)" is a histological error, a misnomer as it neither arises from nor differentiates toward synovium. Head and neck region is the most commonly affected region after extremities, representing 5% of all cases. This case report focuses to discuss a case of a SS that was diagnosed after an inadvertent root canal therapy.

Quantitative assessment of silver-stained nucleolar organizer region in odontogenic cysts to correlate the growth and malignant potentiality.

Context: The most common and important odontogenic cyst involving jaws is the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) or primordial cyst, the dentigerous cyst and the radicular cyst. These cysts all though do not show similar behavior, they all have the potentiality to recur. Silver nitrate staining of the nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) of the benign and malignant lesions is becoming very useful as a diagnostic indicator.

Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Arising Denovo with Distant Metastasis: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumour of epithelial origin accounting about 0.37% to 2.1% of all odontogenic tumours.

Evaluation of Genetic Polymorphisms in Glutathione S-Transferase Theta1, Glutathione S-Transferase Mu1, and Glutathione S-Transferase Mu3 in Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Deleterious Habits using Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Context: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world. As per previous studies, most patients who develop oral cancer are elderly males who are heavy users of tobacco and alcohol; however, the incidence is increasing in younger individuals and in those who neither smoke nor drink. Many of the genes that code for the detoxification enzymes are polymorphic with abnormal activity profiles.

Expression of Human Papillomavirus DNA and p53 Polymorphisms through Polymerase Chain Reaction in Normal Mucosa and Oral Leukoplakia Individuals with Deleterious Oral Habits.

Context: Oral leukoplakia (OL) is a well-recognized precancerous lesion with various etiological factors. Most commonly deleterious oral habits such as tobacco smoking and viral etiologies mainly human papillomavirus (HPV) play an important role. p53 polymorphisms mostly homozygous Arginine (Arg) allele has a greater risk of degradation by HPV.

Ameloblastic Carcinoma: A Report of Three Cases.

Malignant odontogenic tumours are rare and represent approximately 1% of all oral malignancies. Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare odontogenic tumour, which is aggressive in nature with extensive local bone destruction that has retained the features of ameloblastic differentiation and also exhibits cytological features of malignancy. It occurs primarily in the mandible in a wide range of age groups.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of mandible.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (MC) are rare and aggressive forms of chondrosarcoma. They are distinct tumors arising in unicentric or multicentric locations from both skeletal and extraskeletal tissues. The most affected region is the facial skeleton, especially the jaws.

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor -A Rare Malignancy in Mandible.

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST) is biologically an aggressive tumor that is usually found in the extremities, trunk and infrequently found in the head and neck area particularly in the jaws, arising from the cells allied with nerve sheath. Mandibular MPNST may either arise from a preexisting neurofibroma or develop de novo. Because of the greater variability from case to case in overall appearance both clinically and histologically, a case of MPNST of the mandible in a 25-year-old female patient is reported.

Epidermoid cyst of the soft palate in an infant.

Epidermoid cysts are benign malformations that can be encountered anywhere in the body and are rarely observed in the oral cavity accounting for <0.01% of all cysts of the oral cavity. They can be classified as either congenital or acquired without any clinical or histologic differences.

Desmoplastic Fibroma-A Rare Case Report.

Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a benign intra-osseous neoplasm, that is, recognized as the intra-osseous counterpart of soft tissue fibromatosis in both gnathic and extra-gnathic sites. It has a propensity for locally aggressive behavior and local recurrence. An occurrence of intra-osseous lesion other than that of odontogenic origin is rare in the jaws.

Are salivary amylase and pH - Prognostic indicators of cancers?

Background: Saliva, "Mirror of body's health" has long been of particular interest as a substitute for blood for disease diagnosis and monitoring. The radiation effects on salivary glands are of particular interest in which salivary amylase is a good indicator of salivary glands function. Thus, estimation of these parameters represents a reasonable approach in evaluation of patient's risk for disease occurrence, intensity and prognosis.

Dentigerous Cyst Associated with Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT), a tumour composed of odontogenic epithelium, is an uncommon tumour of odontogenic origin that accounts for only 2.2- 7.1% of all odontogenic tumours.

Relationship among tobacco habits, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, p53 polymorphism/mutation and the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has significantly increased over decades in several countries and human papilloma virus (HPV) has been indicated as one of the underlying causes. This suggests that HPV plays a role in the early stages of carcinogenesis but is not a requisite for the maintenance and progression of malignant state. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that checks the cell and promotes apoptosis and cell repair that can be deactivated by mutations and a viral interaction leading to cancer and individuals with particular polymorphic variant of p53 is more susceptible to HPV-induced carcinogenesis.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is a relatively rare variety of ameloblastoma and only very few cases have been reported so far. The present case is an elderly man who had reported with a swelling in the anterior mandible which turned up to be desmoplastic ameloblastoma. Proper diagnosis is necessary to report such a case, so that the actual incidence can be noted.