Two-Y Crushing Technique: A Simple Technique to Crack the Nucleus in a Posterior Polar Cataract Using Two-Y Rotators.

Cataract surgeries in posterior polar cataracts (PPCs) are always challenging for an ophthalmologist, in spite of multiple techniques described for phacoemulsification surgery. The most important objective of cataract surgeries in PPCs is to achieve maximum removal or debulking of the nucleus so that, if any complications happen, they can be easily manageable. We describe a new technique to manually crush the nucleus after it is manually prolapsed out of the bag into multiple pieces with the help of two Y-rotators which were then removed by using a phacoemulsification probe so that complications of posterior capsular rupture because of inadvertent rotation of the nucleus during the phacoemulsification part could be avoided.

A Case-Based Review of Arthritis Robustus.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly presents as a chronic additive symmetric inflammatory polyarthritis involving the small and large joints. Rarely do patients present with few or no clinical symptoms, despite apparent signs of inflammation. This condition, known as arthritis robustus, typically occurs in elderly males who are manual laborers with an active lifestyle.