Optimizing Endoscopy Education in Gastroenterology Fellowship.

Education in endoscopy encompasses a wide breadth of topics and skills. Despite a shared interest in improving training in endoscopy, there is wide variation among programs, largely because of broad requirements put forth by the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education. Historically, efforts to improve education in endoscopy were focused on numerics as a surrogate for competence.

External validation of the COVID-19 4C mortality score in an urban United States cohort.

Background: Identifying patients at risk for mortality from COVID-19 is crucial to triage, clinical decision-making, and the allocation of scarce hospital resources. The 4C Mortality Score effectively predicts COVID-19 mortality, but it has not been validated in a United States (U.S.

Comparing reliability of ICD-10-based COVID-19 comorbidity data to manual chart review, a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision codes (ICD-10) are used to characterize cohort comorbidities. Recent literature does not demonstrate standardized extraction methods.

Objective: Compare COVID-19 cohort manual-chart-review and ICD-10-based comorbidity data; characterize the accuracy of different methods of extracting ICD-10-code-based comorbidity, including the temporal accuracy with respect to critical time points such as day of admission.

Association of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status with COVID-19 30-day mortality at a Philadelphia medical center using a retrospective cohort study.

COVID-19 has disproportionately affected low-income communities and people of color. Previous studies demonstrated that race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) are not independently correlated with COVID-19 mortality. The purpose of our study is to determine the effect of race/ethnicity and SES on COVID-19 30-day mortality in a diverse, Philadelphian population.

Gender Disparity in Host Responses to Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Series.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a malignant tumor with high mortality worldwide. One remarkable clinical feature of HBV-related HCC is that the risk of development is higher in males and postmenopausal females compared to other females. Increasing evidence also indicates that the prognosis of HBV-associated HCC may involve gender disparity, with females having more favorable outcomes.

Development and Validation of a Web-Based Severe COVID-19 Risk Prediction Model.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) carries high morbidity and mortality globally. Identification of patients at risk for clinical deterioration upon presentation would aid in triaging, prognostication, and allocation of resources and experimental treatments.

Research Question: Can we develop and validate a web-based risk prediction model for identification of patients who may develop severe COVID-19, defined as intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, and/or death?

Methods: This retrospective cohort study reviewed 415 patients admitted to a large urban academic medical center and community hospitals.

Clinical Experience With IV Angiotensin II Administration: A Systematic Review of Safety.

Objective: Angiotensin II is an endogenous hormone with vasopressor and endocrine activities. This is a systematic review of the safety of IV angiotensin II.

Data Sources: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane.

Furosemide Stress Test and Biomarkers for the Prediction of AKI Severity.

Clinicians have access to limited tools that predict which patients with early AKI will progress to more severe stages. In early AKI, urine output after a furosemide stress test (FST), which involves intravenous administration of furosemide (1.0 or 1.