Maxillofacial rehabilitation of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma exenteration: A clinical report.

Maxillofacial rehabilitation of an orbital defect plays a crucial role in enhancing the esthetics of the facial defect. The eye is a vital organ, the loss of which requires a customized approach for post-defect rehabilitation. Advanced treatment option such as implant-supported orbital prosthesis has a superior outcome in terms of retention and esthetics, but due to economic factor, it is not affordable for all patients.

Metal-free synthesis of functionalized tacrine derivatives and their evaluation for acetyl/butyrylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibition.

A mild and greener protocol was developed for C-C (C(sp)-H functionalization) and C-N bond formation to synthesize functionalized tacrine derivatives using a biodegradable and reusable deep eutectic solvent [(DES) formed from ,'-dimethyl urea and L-(+)-tartaric acid in a 3 : 1 ratio at 80 °C]. The condensation of 9-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines with a variety of aromatic aldehydes gave unsaturated compounds C(sp)-H functionalization (at the C-4 position) with good yields. The substituted -aryl tacrine derivatives were obtained from the condensed products of 9-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine with substituted anilines the nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN type) in the DES with good yields.

Evaluation of as matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor in human dentin with and without dentin-bonding agent: An study.

Background: Proper hybrid layer formation lays the foundation of resin-dentin bonding. The resin infiltration in demineralized dentin collagen couples with the adhesive/resin composites in the mineralized dentin surface. However, the activation of enzymatic activity in the collagen matrix can degrade the hybrid layer.

Microbial valorization of lignin: Prospects and challenges.

Lignin is the world's second most prevalent biomaterial, but its effective value-added product valorization methods are still being developed. The most common preparation processes for converting lignin to platform chemicals and biofuels are fragmentation and depolymerization. Due to its structural diversity, fragmentation generally produces a variety of products, necessitating tedious separation and purifying methods to isolate the desired products.

Microbial nitroreductases: A versatile tool for biomedical and environmental applications.

Nitroreductases, enzymes found mostly in bacteria and also in few eukaryotes, use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as a cofactor for their activity and metabolize an enormous list of a diverse nitro group-containing compounds. Nitroreductases that are capable of metabolizing nitroaromatic and nitro heterocyclic compounds have drawn great attention in recent years owing to their biotechnological, biomedical, environmental, and human impact. These enzymes attracted medicinal chemists and pharmacologists because of their prodrug selectivity for activation/reduction of nitro compounds that wipe out pathogens/cancer cells, leaving the host/normal cells unharmed.

Slow Folding of a Helical Protein: Large Barriers, Strong Internal Friction, or a Shallow, Bumpy Landscape?

The rate at which a protein molecule folds is determined by opposing energetic and entropic contributions to the free energy that shape the folding landscape. Delineating the extent to which they impact the diffusional barrier-crossing events, including the magnitude of internal friction and barrier height, has largely been a challenging task. In this work, we extract the underlying thermodynamic and dynamic contributions to the folding rate of an unusually slow-folding helical DNA-binding domain, PurR, which shares the characteristics of ultrafast downhill-folding proteins but nonetheless appears to exhibit an apparent two-state equilibrium.

Detection of Multiple Enzymes in Fermentation Broth Using Single PAGE Analysis.

Activity staining or zymography is a technique to detect enzymes based on their function/activity toward a specific substrate. Multiple enzyme-producing microbes secrete enzymes along with other proteins at varying time points during fermentation. The technique of zymography can be used to detect functionality of enzymes in complex protein/other enzyme mixtures.

Forensic Odontology: The New Dimension in Dental Analysis.

Forensic Odontology a branch of Forensic sciences uses the skill of the dentist in personal identification during mass calamities, sexual assault and child abuse to name a few. This branch not stranger to many has been growing tenfold in its potential and its ability to bring the forlorn to justice where a dental remains is the only available evidence. It's role and importance in the judiciary is fast growing and hence in depth knowledge in this field seems more than justified.

Kinetic characterization and fed-batch fermentation for maximal simultaneous production of esterase and protease from Lysinibacillus fusiformis AU01.

The simultaneous production of intracellular esterase and extracellular protease from the strain Lysinibacillus fusiformis AU01 was studied in detail. The production was performed both under batch and fed-batch modes. The maximum yield of intracellular esterase and protease was obtained under full oxygen saturation at the beginning of the fermentation.

A multisubstrate assay for lipases/esterases: assessing acyl chain length selectivity by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Lipases and esterases are hydrolytic enzymes and are known to hydrolyze esters with unique substrate specificity and acyl chain length selectivity. We have developed a simple competitive multiple substrate assay for determination of acyl chain length selectivity of lipases/esterases using RP-HPLC with UV detection. A method for separation and quantification of 4-nitrophenyl fatty acid esters (C4-C18) was developed and validated.

Isolation, purification and characterisation of an organic solvent-tolerant Ca2+-dependent protease from Bacillus megaterium AU02.

A new organic solvent-tolerant strain Bacillus megaterium AU02 which secretes an organic solvent-tolerant protease was isolated from milk industry waste. Statistical methods were employed to achieve optimum protease production of 43.6 U/ml in shake flask cultures.

In-gel staining of proteins in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin.

Protein identification in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) requires post-electrophoretic steps like fixing, staining, and destaining of the gel, which are time-consuming and cumbersome. A new method for direct visualization of protein bands in PAGE has been developed using meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) as a dye without the need for any post-electrophoretic steps; thus, separation and recovery of enzymes become much easier for further analysis. Activity staining was carried out to show that the biochemical activity of the enzymes was preserved after electrophoresis.

Remedial Prospective of Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. (Sea Buckthorn).

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) constitutes thorny nitrogen fixing deciduous shrub. Sea buckthorn(SBT) is primarily valued for its very rich vitamins A, B(1), B(12), C, E, K, and P; flavonoids, lycopene, carotenoids, and phytosterols.

In-gel staining of proteins in native poly acryl amide gel electrophoresis using tetrakis(4-sulfonato phenyl)porphyrin.

Protein identification in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) requires post-electrophoretic steps like fixing, staining and destaining of the gel, which are time-consuming and cumbersome. We have developed a method for direct visualization of protein bands in PAGE using tetrakis(4-sulfonato phenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) as a dye without the need for any post electrophoretic steps, where separation and recovery of enzymes become much easier for further analysis. Activity staining was done to prove that the biochemical activity of the enzymes was preserved after electrophoresis.

Involvement of opioid, adenosine and 5-HT(3) receptors in antinociceptive effects of an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation.

Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation in rats and mice employing the tail immersion test and acetic acid-induced writhing test, respectively.

Materials And Methods: With the tail immersion method, rats received two different doses (270 and 405 mg/kg BW, p.o.

Protective effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia roots against ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in rats.

Unlabelled: This study investigated the protective effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia Linn. (HARC) against ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis and its possible underlying mechanisms using male Wistar albino rats. Ethylene glycol feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria, hypocalciuria as well as increased renal excretion of phosphate.

In vivo rodent micronucleus assay of gmelina arborea roxb (gambhari) extract.

Gmelina arborea Roxb (family Verbenaceae) commonly known as 'Gambhari' tree, the various parts of the plants are widely used in diarrhoea, anti-pyretic, thirst, anemia, leprosy, ulcers, consumption, strangury, vaginal discharges. We tested the genotoxic potential of G. arborea in bone marrow cells obtained from Swiss albino mice using micronuclei formation as the toxicological endpoints.

Commercial-scale synthesis of protected 2'-deoxycytidine and cytidine nucleosides.

Transformation of 2'-deoxyuridine and uridine analogs to protected 2'-deoxycytidine and cytidine analogs has been investigated by two different methods. First, traditional triazolation protocol and second p-nitrophenoxylation method. Our studies conclude that the triazolation method is better and suitable for commercial scale-up.