Pain Reduction With an Immersive Digital Therapeutic Tool in Women Living With Endometriosis-Related Pelvic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Chronic pelvic pain is a common and disabling condition in women living with endometriosis. Pharmacological and surgical treatments are not always effective at controlling pain and present important restrictions. Digital therapeutics (DTx) are emerging as major nonpharmacological alternatives that aim to extend the analgesic therapeutic arsenal of patients.

Short-term propofol anaesthesia down-regulates clock genes expression in the master clock.

Background: Propofol anesthesia triggers phase-advances of circadian rhythms controlled by the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the master clock. Besides, inhalational anesthesia has been associated with a subsequent reduction of Per2 mRNA levels in the whole brain of rodents. The acute effects of propofol anesthesia per se on the SCN molecular clockwork remain unclear.

Protective effects of exercise training on endothelial dysfunction induced by total sleep deprivation in healthy subjects.

Background: Sleep loss is a risk factor for cardiovascular events mediated through endothelial dysfunction.

Aims: To determine if 7weeks of exercise training can limit cardiovascular dysfunction induced by total sleep deprivation (TSD) in healthy young men.

Methods: 16 subjects were examined during 40-h TSD, both before and after 7weeks of interval exercise training.

Disruption of the circadian period of body temperature by the anesthetic propofol.

The circadian time structure of an organism can be desynchronized in a large number of instances, including the intake of specific drugs. We have previously found that propofol, which is a general anesthetic, induces a desynchronization of the circadian time structure in rats, with a 60-80 min significant phase advance of body temperature circadian rhythm. We thus deemed it worthwhile to examine whether this phase shift of body temperature was related to a modification of the circadian period Tau.

Differential Kinetics in Alteration and Recovery of Cognitive Processes from a Chronic Sleep Restriction in Young Healthy Men.

Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) induces neurobehavioral deficits in young and healthy people with a morning failure of sustained attention process. Testing both the kinetic of failure and recovery of different cognitive processes (i.e.

Effect of Sleep Extension on the Subsequent Testosterone, Cortisol and Prolactin Responses to Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery.

Total sleep deprivation (TSD) in humans is associated with altered hormonal levels, which may have clinical relevance. Less is known about the effect of an extended sleep period before TSD on these hormonal changes. Fourteen subjects participated in two experimental counterbalanced conditions (randomised cross-over design): extended sleep (21.

Effects of exercise on brain and peripheral inflammatory biomarkers induced by total sleep deprivation in rats.

Background: Physical exercise induces neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory effects and total sleep deprivation is reported an inflammatory process. We examined whether 7 weeks of exercise training attenuates markers of inflammation during total sleep deprivation (24-h wakefulness) in the rat brain and periphery.

Methods: Four groups of 10 rats were investigated: Sedentary control, Sedentary sleep-deprived, Exercised control, and Exercised sleep-deprived.

Vascular response to 1 week of sleep restriction in healthy subjects. A metabolic response?

Background: Sleep loss may induce endothelial dysfunction, a key factor in cardiovascular risk. We examined the endothelial function during one week of sleep restriction and a recovery period (from 3-to-13 days) in healthy subjects, and its link to autonomic, inflammatory and/or endocrine responses.

Methods: 12 men were followed at baseline (B1, 8-h sleep), after 2 (SR2) and 6 (SR6) days of SR (4-h sleep: 02:00-06:00) and after 1 (R1) and 12 (R12) recovery nights (8h sleep).

Wrist actimetry circadian rhythm as a robust predictor of colorectal cancer patients survival.

The disruption of the circadian timing system (CTS), which rhythmically controls cellular metabolism and proliferation, accelerated experimental cancer progression. A measure of CTS function in cancer patients could thus provide novel prediction information for outcomes, and help to identify novel specific therapies. The rest-activity circadian rhythm is a reliable and non-invasive CTS biomarker, which was monitored using a wrist watch accelerometer for 2 days in 436 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Disruption of the circadian system by environmental factors: Effects of hypoxia, magnetic fields and general anesthetics agents.

The biological clock of mammals is under the control of external factors, social life and the environment, and of internal genetic factors. When the biological clock of an individual is no longer in phase with its environment, either because there is no longer any harmony (desynchronization) between the two systems (shift work, night work, and transmeridian flights..

[Biological rhythms for anaesthesia and intensive care].

Knowledge of biological rhythms has led to better understanding of the time-of-day dependent effects of anaesthetic drugs. These chronopharmacological effects are currently explained by the biological rhythms modulating the pharmacokinetic, toxic and pharmacodynamic parameters of these substances. Such effect has been described for general anesthetics, local anaesthetics, analgesics as well as for antibiotics.

Propofol anesthesia significantly alters plasma blood levels of melatonin in rats.

Background: General anesthesia combined with surgery has been shown to decrease the nocturnal peak of melatonin in patients. However, the role of anesthesia itself on melatonin secretion remains unknown. We previously showed that anesthesia induced by propofol modifies the circadian time structure in both rats and humans and phase advances the circadian rest-activity rhythm in rats.

Design and synthesis of a series of piperazine-1-carboxamidine derivatives with antifungal activity resulting from accumulation of endogenous reactive oxygen species.

In this study, we screened a library of 500 compounds for fungicidal activity via induction of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Structure-activity relationship studies showed that piperazine-1-carboxamidine analogues with large atoms or large side chains substituted on the phenyl group at the R(3) and R(5) positions are characterized by a high ROS accumulation capacity in Candida albicans and a high fungicidal activity. Moreover, we could link the fungicidal mode of action of the piperazine-1-carboxamidine derivatives to the accumulation of endogenous ROS.

Plasma corticosterone in rats is specifically increased at recovery from propofol anesthesia without concomitant rise of plasma ACTH.

General anesthesia combined with surgery is commonly associated with post-operative stress-response in humans. Effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) during and after anesthesia are correlated with the magnitude of surgery and choice of anesthetics. The aim of our study in rats was to characterize the effects of general anesthesia without any surgery on HPA regulation of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretions.

Circadian disruption of body core temperature and rest-activity rhythms after general (propofol) anesthesia in rats.

Background: General anesthesia is commonly associated with sleep disorders, fatigue, drowsiness, and mood alterations in patients. The authors examined whether general (propofol) anesthesia can impact the circadian temporal structure by disturbing circadian rest-activity and body temperature rhythms under normal light-dark conditions (light-dark 12:12 h) in rats.

Methods: A group of rats was anesthetized with propofol, and another was injected with 10% Intralipid, which was used as a control lipidic solution.

General anesthetics effects on circadian temporal structure: an update.

Disruptions of circadian and biological rhythms as well as general anesthesia can induce sleep disorders, resulting in an increase in sleepiness and drowsiness and a decrease in vigilance. It has been previously shown that circadian time can influence the pharmacologic sensitivity and the duration of action of general anesthetics. Studies on interactions between general anesthesia and circadian rhythms are few, but all of them suggest an important role of general anesthetics on circadian rhythms.

Desynchronization of daily rest-activity rhythm in the days following light propofol anesthesia for colonoscopy.

Anesthesia and surgery are associated with fatigue and sleep disorders, suggestive of disturbance of the circadian rest-activity rhythm. Previous studies on circadian rhythm disturbance were focused on patients undergoing general anesthesia associated with surgery. This does not permit one to draw valid conclusions about the effects of general anesthesia per se on circadian rhythms.

Structural adaptation in adult rabbit ventricular myocytes: influence of dynamic physical interaction with fibroblasts.

The mechanism of induction of cardiomyocyte (CM) dedifferentiation, as seen in chronic hibernating myocardium, is largely unknown. Recently, a cellular model was proposed consisting of long-term cocultures of adult rabbit CMs and cardiac fibroblasts in which typical structural characteristics of hibernation-like dedifferentiation could be induced. Only CMs in close contact with fibroblasts underwent these changes.

Partial cell fusion: a newly recognized type of communication between dedifferentiating cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts.

Objective: Fibroblasts have been shown to couple to neonatal cardiomyocytes in heterocellular cultures through functional gap junctions. Our objective was to provide evidence for an additional type of heterocellular communication between fibroblasts and adult cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The contact areas in heterocellular co-cultures were evaluated by specific labeling and the intercellular communication was studied using preloading of fibroblasts with tracer molecules.

A nonsurgical porcine model of left ventricular dysfunction. Validation of myocardial viability using dobutamine stress echocardiography and positron emission tomography.

BACKGROUND: Although several short-term animal models of stunning and hibernation have been studied extensively, it has been difficult to produce a consistent animal model of chronic hibernation. The aim of the present study was to develop a nonsurgical porcine stent model of coronary stenosis in order to investigate the relationship between chronic dysfunctional myocardium and viability using 2D-echo, dobutamine stress echo (DSE) and positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS AND RESULTS: Focal progressive coronary stenosis was induced by implantation of an oversized stent in the left anterior descending (LAD) and/or circumflex (LCX) coronary artery in a total of 115 pigs, according to various experimental protocols: copper stent in the LAD (group I, n = 5); noncoated stainless steel stent in the LAD combined with balloon overstretch (group II, n = 7); poly(organo)phosphazene-coated stent in the LAD (group III, n = 77); and poly(organo)phosphazene-coated stent in both the LAD and the LCX (group IV, n = 26).

Dissociation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and dedifferentiation in infarct border zones.

Aims: Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is known to occur in infarct border zones, where cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, as seen in hibernating myocardium, can also be observed. The aim of the study is to determine whether dedifferentiated cardiomyocytes represent a population of cells stably surviving or undergoing apoptosis.

Methods And Results: Microinfarctions were induced in sheep (n=8) by intracoronary injection of polymer macrobeads.

Clinical pathophysiology of hibernating myocardium.

Our current knowledge of the pathophysiology of chronic hibernating myocardium is mainly based on results from clinical studies, because of the absence of appropriate and validated animal models. These clinical observations have given rise to two major controversies: the role of reduced blood flow and that of histological changes in the hibernating segments. In this review, these two subjects will be briefly discussed, and put into the perspective of findings emerging from recently developed animal models.

Adult rabbit cardiomyocytes undergo hibernation-like dedifferentiation when co-cultured with cardiac fibroblasts.

Objectives: Little is known about the causal factors which induce the typical structural changes accompanying cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation in vivo such as in chronic hibernating myocardium. For identifying important factors involved in cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, as seen in chronic hibernation, an in vitro model mimicking those morphological changes, would be extremely helpful.

Methods: Adult rabbit cardiomyocytes were co-cultured with cardiac fibroblasts.