Transcoronary guidewire ablation with radiofrequency in a porcine animal model.

Objectives: Transcoronary ablation of septal hypertrophy (TASH) and surgical myectomy are the recommended treatment options for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy refractory (HOCM) when conventional drug treatment is not sufficient. We describe the application of radiofrequency (RF) energy via coronary guidewires in an animal model for selective occlusion of coronary side branches that mimics the principle of TASH.

Methods: Transcoronary guidewire ablation of coronary vessels was performed in 5 adult pigs under general anaesthesia in an animal cathlab after successful bench testing of the ablation settings.

Transcoronary pacing in an animal model : Second coated guidewire versus cutaneous patch as indifferent electrodes.

Background: Transcoronary pacing is a seldom used treatment option for unheralded bradycardias in the setting of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). In the present study we compared a coated guidewire inserted proximally into a coronary artery with a cutaneous patch electrode as indifferent electrodes for transcoronary pacing in a porcine model.

Methods: Transcoronary pacing was investigated in 7 adult pigs in an animal catheterization laboratory.

Transcoronary mapping of ventricular asynchrony due to left bundle branch block in a porcine model.

Background: Optimal positioning of the left ventricular (LV) lead at the latest activated part of the left ventricle is one of the major challenges in implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices with respect to ascertaining an optimal resynchronization effect resulting in a high responder rate. In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of transcoronary measurement of LV electrical activation by a coated guidewire in a porcine model.

Methods And Results: Transcoronary measurement of ventricular activation was performed in 16 pigs under general anesthesia.

A novel approach for transcoronary pacing in a porcine model.

Background: Transcoronary pacing for the treatment of bradycardias during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a useful technique in interventional cardiology. The standard technique is unipolar pacing with the guidewire in the coronary artery against a cutaneous patch electrode. We developed a novel approach for transcoronary pacing by using intravascular electrodes in different positions in the aorta in a porcine model.

Do pharmacokinetics explain persistent restenosis inhibition by a single dose of paclitaxel?

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the elimination of paclitaxel from the arterial wall after a single short administration with a coated balloon.

Methods And Results: Slightly oversized paclitaxel-coated balloons (dose 3 or 9 μg/mm(2)) without or with premounted stents were inflated in nonatherosclerotic coronary arteries of either young domestic pigs or adult Goettingen minipigs. The paclitaxel content of plasma, arterial segments, and residual hearts (without treated arteries) was measured for up to 180 days using high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection or mass spectrometry.

Inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia with a novel zotarolimus coated balloon catheter.

Background: Non stent based delivery of antiproliferative agents using drug coated balloon catheters may offer additional flexibility and efficacy in a broad range of applications. The lipophilic antiproliferative drug zotarolimus makes it a potential candidate for balloon delivery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a prototype zotarolimus coated balloon (ZCB) catheter in comparison to a zotarolimus eluting stent (ZES) in the porcine coronary overstretch model.

Inhibition of neointimal proliferation after bare metal stent implantation with low-pressure drug delivery using a paclitaxel-coated balloon in porcine coronary arteries.

A variety of mechanical and laser-based methods remove or shift atherosclerotic plaques and reopen the artery to its original lumen. Subsequent treatment with drug-coated balloons (DCB) may smooth the vessel wall but does not require high-pressure inflation. We investigated the efficacy of paclitaxel-coated balloons inflated with only 2 atm after bare metal stent implantation in coronary arteries of 24 pigs.

Urinary tract effects after multifocal nonthermal irreversible electroporation of the kidney: acute and chronic monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging, intravenous urography and urinary cytology.

Purpose: The nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel potential ablation modality for renal masses. The aim of this study was the first evaluation of NTIRE's effects on the renal urine-collecting system using intravenous urography (IVU) and urinary cytology in addition to histology and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Eight percutaneous NTIRE ablations of the renal parenchyma, including the calyxes or pelvis, were performed in three male swine.

Transcoronary pacing in a porcine model--impact of guidewire insulation.

Background: Bradycardia complicating percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can require temporary pacing. A transcoronary approach using the guidewire in the coronary artery may be a useful alternative to transvenous pacing. The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of two different coronary guidewires in transcoronary pacing: a novel guidewire (VisionWire®, Biotronik, Germany) which has a coating to electrically insulate the shaft, thereby maximizing current delivery through the intracoronary section compared to a standard guidewire (without insulation) and a standard guidewire/balloon combination.

Dose response to Paclitaxel-coated balloon catheters in the porcine coronary overstretch and stent implantation model.

Objective: There is little published information regarding the efficacy of paclitaxel-coated balloon catheters except for the iopromide-containing formulation, and less is known about the kind of toxicity at overdose. The aim of our study was to assess 2 different paclitaxel matrix formulations on angioplasty balloon catheters in vitro, with respect to pharmacokinetics, and efficacy and tolerance to determine the minimum effective dose and local toxicity at extremely high dose which is only achieved in experimental studies.

Methods And Materials: Adherence of coatings was tested in vitro in dry state and during passage through hemostatic valves, guiding catheters, and blood.

Optimizing of transcoronary pacing in a porcine model.

Background: Transcoronary pacing for the treatment of bradycardia during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is not well established, but may be a useful technique in interventional cardiology. We developed a porcine model to examine the feasibility and efficacy of transcoronary pacing during PCI.

Methods And Results: Eight pigs under general anesthesia underwent unipolar transcoronary pacing with a standard floppy guidewire in a coronary artery (as the cathode) and a skin patch electrode (as the anode).

Comparison of two different paclitaxel-coated balloon catheters in the porcine coronary restenosis model.

Background: Drug-eluting balloon (DEB) catheters coated with paclitaxel in a water-soluble matrix have shown beneficial effects in the treatment and prevention of restenosis in the porcine coronary overstretch model and in clinical trials. Adherence of paclitaxel, same dose, on another recently introduced coated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) catheter (DIOR) is mediated by a roughened balloon surface. Only scarce experimental and clinical data has been published on the new coating method.

Drug-eluting balloon: very short-term exposure and overlapping.

Paclitaxel balloon coating has shown promising effects in inhibiting restenosis in initial clinical trials. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of two critical features of drug-eluting balloon (DEB) application - inflation time and increased dose due to overlapping balloons. Fifty-six stainless steel stents were implanted in the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries of 28 domestic pigs using a 1.

Short- and long-term effects of a novel paclitaxel coated stent in the porcine coronary model.

Background: Drug eluting stents (DES) are unique in allowing sustained release for weeks after a single short intervention. The challenge with DES still remaining is the combination of a biocompatible drug-eluting matrix including an antiproliferative drug showing efficacy and safety in restenosis prevention. The aim of the present animal studies was to evaluate the novel paclitaxel coated Coroflex.

Inhibition of restenosis in stented porcine coronary arteries: uptake of Paclitaxel from angiographic contrast media.

Rationale And Objectives: Paclitaxel added to angiographic contrast medium (CM) has been shown to inhibit restenosis in the porcine coronary overstretch model. This study determined early local tissue concentrations after the administration of different paclitaxel doses and preparations.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen pigs received 2 stents each in the left coronary artery.