Association between children's emotional/behavioral problems before adenotonsillectomy and postoperative pain scores at home.

Background: Children undergoing adenotonsillectomy are at risk of severe postoperative pain and sleep problems. Little is known about the specific child risk factors for these problems.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of postoperative pain, sleep problems, and medication adherence, and assess the influence of internalizing and externalizing problems on postoperative pain.

Changes in sensory processing after anesthesia in toddlers.

Background: Anesthesia and surgery may influence toddlers' sensory processing and consequently postoperative adjustment and behavior. This is the first study to: 1) test pre- to postoperative changes in sensory processing after pediatric anesthesia using the validated Infant/Toddler-Sensory Profile for 7-36 months (ITSP7-36); 2) identify putative predictors of these changes.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 70 healthy boys (ASA I & II), aged 18-30 months, who underwent circumcision for religious reasons.

A Visual Analog Scale to assess anxiety in children during anesthesia induction (VAS-I): Results supporting its validity in a sample of day care surgery patients.

Background: The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale is widely used to assess children's anxiety during induction of anesthesia, but requires training and its administration is time-consuming. A Visual Analog Scale, in contrast, requires no training, is easy-to-use and quickly completed.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate a Visual Analog Scale as a tool to assess anxiety during induction of anesthesia and to determine cut-offs to distinguish between anxious and nonanxious children.

Safety of gelatin solutions for the priming of cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the safety of gelatin versus hydroxyethyl starches (HES) and crystalloids when used for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-priming in cardiac surgery. MEDLINE (Pubmed), Embase and CENTRAL were searched. We included only randomized, controlled trials comparing CPB-priming with gelatin with either crystalloids or HES-solutions of the newest generation.

Audiovisual aid viewing immediately before pediatric induction moderates the accompanying parents' anxiety.

Background: Parents accompanying their child during induction of anesthesia experience stress. The impact of audiovisual aid (AVA) on parental state anxiety and assessment of the child's anxiety at induction have been studied previously but need closer scrutiny.

Methods: One hundred and twenty parents whose children were scheduled for day-care surgery entered this randomized, controlled study.

Analysis of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, DL-lactic acid, glycolic acid, ethylene glycol and other glycols in body fluids by a direct injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for wide use.

Analysis of blood of severely intoxicated patients always requires prompt investigation. Diagnosis of intoxication with ethylene glycol, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid or D-lactic acid takes hours, since several different procedures are required. Rapid derivatization of the common hydroxyl function may resolve this analytical problem.