Long Term Progression-Free Survival in a Patient with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer under Low Dose Intermittent Androgen Deprivation Therapy with Bicalutamide Only.

Androgen deprivation is a common treatment option in patients with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. No case of long term treatment with an intermittent approach with only low dose bicalutamide (50 mg daily) has been described yet. We report a 60-year-old patient, initially presenting with a PSA elevation of 19.

Bladder cancer--the neglected tumor: a descriptive analysis of publications referenced in MEDLINE and data from the register ClinicalTrials.gov.

Background: Uro-oncological neoplasms have both a high incidence and mortality rate and are therefore a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate research activity in uro-oncology over the last decade.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.

De novo malignancies in renal transplant recipients: experience at a single center with 1882 transplant patients over 39 yr.

Purpose: Cancers complicating organ allografts are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after renal transplantation. Different registries have described an overall three to eightfold increase in cancer risk compared with the general population. This retrospective study investigated the incidence and outcome of de novo malignancies following kidney transplantation in a single German kidney transplantation center.

MRI-guided core biopsy of the prostate in the supine position--introduction of a simplified technique using large-bore magnet systems.

Objectives: To introduce a simplified technique for MRI-guided core biopsies (MRGB) of the prostate in the supine position using large-bore magnet systems.

Methods: Fifty men with a history of negative transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies underwent MRGB in either a 1.5-T (13/50) or 3.

Dynamic tissue perfusion measurement: a new tool for characterizing renal perfusion in renal cell carcinoma patients.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by intense angiogenesis with hyperexpression of proangiogenic factors. This study explored the potential of dynamic tissue perfusion measurement (DTPM) to detect differences in tissue perfusion between kidneys with RCC and corresponding healthy kidneys.

Patients And Methods: 30 patients with unilateral, histologically confirmed RCC underwent DTPM by color Doppler ultrasound.

Magnetic resonance image-guided biopsies with a high detection rate of prostate cancer.

Aim: To explore the potential of transrectal magnetic resonance image- (MRI-) guided biopsies of the prostate in a patient cohort with prior negative ultrasound guided biopsies.

Patients And Methods: Ninety-six men with suspected prostate cancer underwent MRI-guided prostate biopsies under real-time imaging control in supine position.

Results: Adenocarcinoma of the prostate was detected in 39 of 96 patients.

Clinical course of plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: a case report.

Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the bladder represents a rare and aggressive variant of urothelial carcinoma, which is usually diagnosed at an advanced pathologic stage. Until now, no reports exist on this rare tumor type in the upper urinary tract. Herein, we present the first report on the clinical course of a metastatic plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis and show its unfavorable outcome despite multimodal therapy.

The value of extended transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) in the treatment of bladder cancer.

Unlabelled: Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) is the 'gold standard' in the diagnosis and therapy of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. To improve the quality of this technique an additional TUR (after 4-6 weeks) or a simultaneous photodynamic diagnosis is often offered. The present study shows different variables that influence, to a greater or lesser extent, the accuracy of the TUR diagnosis and the success of the operation.

Sonographic diagnosis of a posttraumatic arteriocavernosal fistula resulting in high-flow priapism.

We present a case of high-flow priapism due to perineal trauma and subsequent arteriocavernosal fistula, which was diagnosed by sonography. Selective arterial embolization led to complete detumescence without compromising the patient's erectile function. Color Doppler sonography is an appropriate diagnostic tool to diagnose arteriocavernosal fistula.

Management of superficial recurrences in an irradiated bladder after combined-modality organ-preserving therapy.

Purpose: Standard treatment for superficial bladder cancer is transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical therapy. Little is known about the biologic behavior and treatment response of superficial disease within an irradiated bladder. We specifically analyzed patients who developed superficial recurrence after TURBT and radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy.

Pretreatment proliferation and local control in bladder cancer after radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.

Purpose: To investigate whether the addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy (RT) is beneficial particularly in bladder tumors that possess the capacity for rapid proliferation.

Patients And Methods: The Ki-67 index was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on pretreatment biopsies from 136 patients treated by transurethral tumor resection (TURBT) and RT (n=50) or platin-based radiochemotherapy (RCT; n=86). Ki-67 expression was correlated with response to RT/RCT and long-term local control rates.

Radiochemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil after transurethral surgery in patients with bladder cancer.

Purpose: To give an update on the long-term outcome of an intensified protocol of combined radiochemotherapy (RCT) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin after initial transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) with selective organ preservation in bladder cancer.

Methods And Materials: One hundred twelve patients with muscle-invading or high-risk T1 (G3, associated Tis, multifocality, diameter >5 cm) bladder cancer were enrolled in a protocol of TURBT followed by concurrent cisplatin (20 mg/m(2)/day as 30-min infusion) and 5-FU (600 mg/m(2)/day as 120-h continuous infusion), administered on Days 1-5 and 29-33 of radiotherapy. Response to treatment was evaluated by restaging TURBT 4-6 weeks after RCT.

MRI spectroscopy in screening of prostate cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of MR Spectroscopy in screening for prostate cancer in comparison to T2-weighted MR imaging.

Materials And Methods: Forty-six patients with biopsy confirmed prostate cancer underwent combined endorectal-body-phased-array MRI at 1.5T (Tesla).

Radiochemotherapy after transurethral resection for high-risk T1 bladder cancer: an alternative to intravesical therapy or early cystectomy?

Purpose: For high-risk T1 bladder cancer, the most important issue is how to restrict radical cystectomy to selective patients with a high likelihood of tumor progression and to choose an initial bladder-sparing approach in others without affecting survival. Radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy (RT/RCT) may help to strike a balance between intravesical treatment and early cystectomy.

Patients And Methods: Between 1982 and 2004, 141 patients with high-risk T1 bladder cancer (84 patients with T1 grade 3 [T1G3]; others with T1G1/2 and associated carcinoma-in-situ, multifocality, tumor diameter > 5 cm, or multiple recurrences) were treated with RT (n = 28) or platinum-based RCT (n = 113) after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).

Clinical decisions for treatment of different staged bladder cancer based on multitarget fluorescence in situ hybridization assays?

Non-invasive methods for detecting genetic alterations of bladder cancer are increasingly becoming the focus of attention as diagnostic tools. The fluorescence in situ hybridization we performed to detect genetic alterations of chromosomes 3, 7, 9p21, and 17 (UroVysion Test) showed very high sensitivity, higher even than cytology, in detecting bladder tumors of varying differentiation (pTa-pT4). The use of this test in everyday clinical urology can be a very useful decision aid in treating problem cases.

Heterogeneity in prostate cancer: prostate specific antigen (PSA) and DNA cytophotometry.

Background: The heterogeneity in prostate cancer is the reason for the difficult diagnosis and prognosis of this tumor. In this study, we looked for a correlation between prostate specific antigen (PSA), tumor staging and DNA cytophotometry.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two prostates (pT1-T4) from patients with prostate cancer, who underwent radical prostatectomy, were examined.

Polymorphisms of human androgen receptor (hAR) gene in prostate cancer cell lines PC-EW and PC-OR.

Background: Prostate cancer is the leading tumor of the male in Western societies. Genetic alterations of the androgen receptor gene are known in the advanced metastatic disease. In this study, the androgen receptor gene was tested in two human prostate cancer cell lines, the androgen-sensitive PC-EW and the androgen-independent PC-OR.

Polymorphisms in the human progesterone receptor (PGR) gene of two human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Background: The incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer has been steadily increasing in most countries worldwide. A potential implication of the progesterone receptor has been reported in prostatic carcinogenesis. In this study, an allele of human progesterone receptor gene (PROGINS), which was demonstrated to be associated with an increased risk of sporadic ovarian cancer, was tested in two human prostate cancer cell lines, PC-EW and PC-OR.

Combined-modality treatment and organ preservation in bladder cancer. Do molecular markers predict outcome?

Purpose: In invasive bladder cancer, several groups have reported the value of organ preservation by a combined-treatment approach, including transurethral resection (TUR-BT) and radiochemotherapy (RCT). As more experience is acquired with this organ- sparing treatment, patient selection needs to be optimized. Clinical factors are limited in their potential to identify patients most likely to respond to RCT, thus, additional molecular markers for predicting treatment response of individual lesions are sorely needed.