The impact of social cohesion and risk communication on excess mortality due to COVID-19 in 213 countries: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Tools for assessing a country's capacity in the face of public health emergencies must be reviewed, as they were not predictive of the COVID-19 pandemic. Social cohesion and risk communication, which are related to trust in government and trust in others, may have influenced adherence to government measures and mortality rates due to COVID-19.

Objective: To analyse the association between indicators of social cohesion and risk communication and COVID-19 outcomes in 213 countries.

National governance and excess mortality due to COVID-19 in 213 countries: a retrospective analysis and perspectives on future pandemics.

Background: National governance may have influenced the response of institutions to the Covid-19 pandemic, being a key factor in preparing for the next pandemics. The objective was to analyze the association between excess mortality due to COVID-19 (daily and cumulative per 100 thousand people) and national governance indicators in 213 countries.

Method: Multiple linear regression models using secondary data from large international datasets that are in the public domain were performed.

Research integrity guidelines in the academic environment: The context of Brazilian institutions with retracted publications in health and life sciences.

Although research misconduct is responsible for most retractions in health and life sciences from authors affiliated with Brazilian institutions, there are few studies evaluating retraction notices and research misconduct in the country. Understanding the form of research misconduct may share light on the weaknesses and strengths of individual, organizational, and structural factors toward the implementation of a research integrity culture. This review on policies and practices aims to access the available information from research integrity offices and the guidelines from Brazilian funding institutions and universities who were involved in retractions in health and life science publications based on a previously published systematic review.

Ethics, COVID-19 and nursing vulnerability: analysis of photographs released by the media.

Objectives: to analyze nursing vulnerability through photos released by the media amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: a documentary study, with a qualitative approach. The object of analysis were photographic images selected between January 2020 and March 2021, published by the main news portals in countries such as Brazil, the United States, France, Spain, England and Germany.

The teaching of good obstetric practices from the Residency preceptors' perspective.

The aim of this study was to understand how the topic of good obstetric practices is taught in residency programs according to the preceptors' perception. This is a descriptive, exploratory study, with data triangulation, with a qualitative approach. A total of 35 professionals participated in the study, of which 21 were physicians and 14 nurses.

Decrease in compulsory notifications registered by the Brazilian National Hospital Epidemiological Surveillance Network during the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive study, 2017-2020.

Objective: To describe compulsorily notifiable diseases, health conditions and public health events (DAEs as per the Brazilian acronym) registered by the National Hospital Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVEH as per the Brazilian acronym), before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a descriptive ecological study using records held on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN as per the Brazilian acronym) between Epidemiological Week (EW) 1 of 2017 (January 1st, 2017) and 52 of 2020 (December 26, 2020).

Results: Between 2017 and 2020, RENAVEH notified 1,258,455 DAE form records, with only 225,081 (17.

Profile of hospitalizations for neoplasms in the Brazilian Unified Health System: a time-series study.

Objective: Describe the profile of hospitalizations for cancer diagnosis in Brazil from 2008 to 2018 at Unified Health System (SUS).

Methods: Time series study of hospitalization rate for malignant neoplasms at SUS. Data were extracted from the Hospital Information System of DataSUS.

QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADULTS WITH SARCOMAS UNDER CONSERVATIVE SURGERY OR AMPUTATION.

Objective: To understand the perception of quality of life, functionality, and psychological aspects of adults with lower limb sarcoma who underwent conservative surgery or amputation.

Methods: Sociodemographic data were collected, and the following questionnaires were used: EORTC QLQ - C30 for quality of life, the Functional Assessment System (MSTS) for functionality and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for depression symptoms.

Results: The sample consisted of 45 young adults with sarcoma, divided into two groups: amputation (29) and conservative surgery (16).

Clinical conditions and complications associated with parenteral nutrition use in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit of a general hospital.

Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical conditions, the existing complications, and the drug prescription profile of patients who received parenteral nutrition in the intensive care unit. Material and methods: this retrospective, analytical cohort study was carried out among individuals admitted to a public general hospital ICU. For data collection, the electronic medical records for the entire period of inpatient treatment were analyzed.

Scientific integrity among nursing students participating in the Scientific Initiation Program: An exploratory study.

Objective: To know the positions and practices adopted by nursing students in scientific initiation programs about the principles of scientific integrity in the different stages of the process of doing science.

Method: An exploratory study of a quantitative nature, in which nursing student participants of the Scientific Initiation Program from the Federal District were interviewed.

Results: Fifty (50) nursing students participated in the study.

Measles-containing vaccines in Brazil: Coverage, homogeneity of coverage and associations with contextual factors at municipal level.

We aimed to (i) describe both the coverage and the homogeneity of coverage of the first and second doses of measles-containing vaccines (MCV) in Brazil in 2017, and (ii) to investigate the potential influence of contextual factors at municipal level. All 5570 Brazilian municipalities were included. The North and Center-West regions presented the lowest coverages of the first and second doses of MCV, respectively.

QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH SARCOMA AFTER CONSERVATIVE SURGERY OR AMPUTATION OF LIMBS.

Objective: To conduct an integrative review on quality of life (QOL) of patients with sarcoma who underwent conservative surgery or limb amputation.

Methods: We conducted a six-step integrative review by searching the databases LILACS, SciELO, PePSIC, Embase, and PubMed, using the descriptors: "Quality of life", "Bone cancer", "Sarcoma", "Limb Salvage," and "Amputation." Ten studies were selected according to: database, type of study, methods, researcher's profession, sex, histological type, title, country/region, and periodical/year of publication.

Trends and spatial distribution of MMR vaccine coverage in Brazil during 2007-2017.

We analyzed the time trends and spatial distribution of MMR vaccine coverage in Brazil during 2007-2017. In early 2018, a measles outbreak started in the North region of Brazil, reaching 11 of the 27 federal units by January 24, 2019. In this period, 10,302 cases were confirmed.

Measles outbreak: preliminary report on a case series of the first 8,070 suspected cases, Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil, February to November 2018.

We report an ongoing measles outbreak in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil. As at 3 November 2018, 1,631 cases were confirmed corresponding to an incidence of 75.3 per 100,000 inhabitants; all five sanitary districts presented confirmed cases.

[Analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System in Brazil, 2014 to 2016Análisis del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia de Eventos Adversos Posvacunación en Brasil, 2014 a 2016].

Objective: To describe the characteristics of vaccine adverse events (VAE) reports in the online VAE Reporting System (VAE-RS) after 2 years of operation.

Method: A descriptive analysis of VAE reports entered into the VAE-RS between July 2014 and June 2016 was performed.

Results: During the study period, 24 732 VAE were reported.

Factors Contributing to Exacerbating Vulnerabilities in Global Clinical Trials.

Although policies and guidelines make use of the concept of vulnerability, few define it. The European Union's directive for clinical trials does not include explanations for or the reasoning behind the designation of certain groups as vulnerable. Emerging economies from lower middle-income countries have, in recent years, had the largest average annual growth rate, as well as increase, in number of clinical trials registered in the US government's database.

International Clinical Trials in Latin American and Caribbean Countries: Research and Development to Meet Local Health Needs.

Although international health research involves some benefits for the host countries, such as access to innovative treatments, the research itself may not be aligned with their communities' actual health needs. To map the global landscape of clinical trials run in Latin American and Caribbean countries and discuss the addressing of local health needs in the agenda of international clinical trials. The present study is a cross-sectional overview and used data referent to studies registered between 01/01/2014 and 12/31/2014 in the World Health Organization's (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP).

Biothics in Brazil.

In this article the authors briefly sketch the nature of Brazilian bioethics. Bioethics emerged in Brazil later than in other Western countries and the 1990's were the most important period for the spread of the discipline in the country. It is in this period that some structural elements of bioethics were established, such as research groups, regulation of Local Research Ethics Committees (Comitês Locais de Etica em Pesquisa -- CEP), the creation of the National Commission of Ethics in Research with Human Beings (Comissão Nacional de Etica em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos -- CONEP) and the Brazilian Bioethics Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Bioética -- SBB).