Comprehensive studies of the anti-inflammatory effect of tetraprenyltoluquinone, a quinone from Garcinia cowa Roxb.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Garcinia cowa Roxb. is called asam kandis in West Sumatra. This plant contains several quinone compounds, including tetraprenyltoluquinone (TPTQ).

Cowanin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells via Bcl-2 signaling pathway.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of cowanin the mechanism of cowanin toward cell death and BCL-2 protein (antiapoptotic) expression of T47D breast cancer.

Methods: The cell death was evaluated by double staining, namely acridine orange and propidium iodide, and then observed under a fluorescence microscope. Meanwhile, the BCL-2 protein expression was determined by western blotting with measurement of protein area and protein density.