Effluent quality-based ranking of sewage treatment plants using multicriteria decision making technique.

Water pollution control agencies worldwide face the complex challenge of ensuring the efficient operation of sewage treatment plants (STPs) to protect water bodies receiving their effluent as well as for reuse. However, evaluating the performance of these plants is difficult due to multiple criteria involved. Further, while previous studies have focused on evaluating the efficiency of individual plants, it remains unclear how the effluent quality of STPs affect the water quality of receiving bodies without relying on the complex simulation-optimization models (such as waste load allocation) to understand the cause-and-effect relationships.

Assessment of gas generation and energy recovery from municipal solid waste in Kanpur city, India.

The study reported herein presents the methane generation potential from municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in Kanpur city using four established methods, namely: the IPCC Default Method (DM), EPER Germany, The IPCC First Order Decay (FOD) method, and the Modified Triangular Method (MTM). Results revealed that the average maximum and minimum emissions with respect to total MSW generated and considered over the study period were obtained in the IPCC Default Method (19.17Gg/year) and the MTM (1.

Efficiency evaluation of sewage treatment plants in Delhi, India, using tolerance-based data envelope analysis.

Correct and effective performance evaluation of wastewater treatment plants is a tough task because of the complex biological, physico-chemical, and biochemical processes and associated variables affecting their performance. Conventionally, the efficiency of sewage treatment plants (STPs) are obtained using some index relating pollutant removal efficiency with energy used or costs. These indicators consider only one variable at a time.

Exposure assessment of PM in temple premises and crematoriums in Kanpur, India.

Regular use of incense and earthen lamps in temples leads to the release of particulate matter (PM), airborne flecks, and gaseous pollutants. Similarly, the cremation of dead bodies using timber and other accessories such as incense, organic chemicals containing carbon, and clothes generates air pollutants. It is currently unclear how much emissions and exposure these activities may lead.