Structural insight on the liquid silk from the middle silk gland of non-mulberry silkworm .

This study highlights the preliminary characterization of liquid silk from the middle silk gland (MSG) along with the in-silico analysis of the sericin protein of a less explored non mulberry silkworm which is endemic to the North Eastern region of India. Various biophysical methods have been applied to elucidate the conformational patterns of the liquid silk present inside the MSG without removing the sericin layer. This will help us to know the actual features of the in vivo transitional status of the silk in the MSG which travel towards the anterior silk gland (ASG) prior to spinning.

Composition and in silico structural analysis of fibroin from liquid silk of non-mulberry silkworm Antheraea assamensis.

Silk is spun from the liquid precursor known as liquid silk secreted from the posterior part and stored in the silk gland lumen with occurrence of many momentary events. The liquid silk in the silk gland is transformed to the spun silk fibre. In this study the elucidation of the protein components of liquid silk from the posterior part of the silk gland (PSG) of saturniid silkworm Antheraea assamensis along with its structural characterization has been reported.

Novel non-mulberry silk fibroin nanoparticles with enhanced activity as potential candidate in nanocarrier mediated delivery system.

Silk fibroin (SF) is well known for its excellent biocompatible properties facilitating its application in the field of biomedical engineering through different biomaterial fabrications in the recent era. Here in this study, novel nanoparticles from non-mulberry SF of were fabricated, characterized and evaluated for its applicability as nanocarrier. Fabricated nanoparticles were initially compared with prevailing SF nanoparticles from .

Variations in the Metallic Ion Concentration in the Silk Gland and Cocoon of Silkworm Antheraea assamensis helfer.

The natural spinning process in silkworms involves the conformation transition of the liquid silk protein present in the silk gland to make fiber. This conformation transition is influenced by different factors, and some studies suggested that changes in the metallic ion concentrations is one of them (Zhou et al. 2005).

Genetic diversity and phylogeny analysis of Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences.

Helfer, popularly known as Muga silkworm, the golden silk producer of northeast India is economically important and unique among the Saturniid silkworms. In this study, the genetic diversity and phylogeny of semidomesticated and wild morphs of Muga silkwormcollected from different geographical locations of northeast India were investigated based on the sequences of five mitochondrial loci, i.e.

Analysis of genetic diversity and phylogeny of Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) by using RAPD and internal transcribed spacer DNA1.

The Indian Eri silkworm, Philosamia ricini Hutt, a commercial silk producing insect, is believed to have originated in the Brahmaputra valley of Assam. In this study, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of six morphs of Eri silkworm viz. white plain, white zebra, white spotted, blue plain, blue zebra and blue spotted collected from different geographical locations of North-East India were investigated by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and the first internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1).

Cypermethrin Formulation (Ustad-10 EC) Induces Genotoxicity via Apoptosis, Affects Nutritional Physiology, and Modulates Immune Response in Silkworm Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

Cypermethrin is a pyrethroid insecticide with high insecticidal activity, low mammalian toxicity, and biodegradability. The present study aimed to determine the acute toxicity and evaluate the secondary toxic effects of a commercial formulation of cypermethrin on silkworm Philosamia ricini Hutt of Northeast India. The potential genotoxicity of cypermethrin on silkworm hemocyte was examined by comet assay, caspase activation, and annexin V affinity assay.

Larval Exposure to Chlorpyrifos Affects Nutritional Physiology and Induces Genotoxicity in Silkworm (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

Chlorpyrifos is a most widely used organophosphate insecticide because of its cost effectiveness and degradable nature. However, this pesticide enters and contaminates the environment either by direct application, spray drifts or crop run off and shows adverse effect on the non-targeted organisms. (eri silkworm), one of the most exploited, domesticated and commercialized non mulberry silkworm is known for mass production of eri silk.

Antioxidant Effect of Sericin in Brain and Peripheral Tissues of Oxidative Stress Induced Hypercholesterolemic Rats.

This study evaluated the antioxidant effect of crude sericin extract (CSE) from in high cholesterol fed rats. Investigation was conducted by administering graded oral dose of 0.25 and 0.

Potential of silk fibroin/chondrocyte constructs of muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis for cartilage tissue engineering.

Articular cartilage damage represents one of the most perplexing clinical problems of musculoskeletal therapeutics due to its limited self-repair and regenerative capabilities. In this study, 3D porous silk fibroin scaffolds derived from non-mulberry muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis were fabricated and examined for their ability to support cartilage tissue engineering. Additionally, Bombyx mori and Philosamia ricini silk fibroin scaffolds were utilized for comparative studies.

Fiber from ramie plant (Boehmeria nivea): A novel suture biomaterial.

The quest for developing an ideal suture material prompted our interest to develop a novel suture with advantageous characters to market available ones. From natural origin only silk, cotton and linen fibers are presently available in market as non-absorbable suture biomaterials. In this study, we have developed a novel, cost-effective, and biocompatible suture biomaterial from ramie plant, Boehmeria nivea fiber.

Milled non-mulberry silk fibroin microparticles as biomaterial for biomedical applications.

Silk fibroin has been widely employed in various forms as biomaterials for biomedical applications due to its superb biocompatibility and tunable degradation and mechanical properties. Herein, silk fibroin microparticles of non-mulberry silkworm species (Antheraea assamensis, Antheraea mylitta and Philosamia ricini) were fabricated via a top-down approach using a combination of wet-milling and spray drying techniques. Microparticles of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori) were also utilized for comparative studies.

Correction: Silk fibroin-keratin based 3D scaffolds as a dermal substitute for skin tissue engineering.

Correction for 'Silk fibroin-keratin based 3D scaffolds as a dermal substitute for skin tissue engineering' by Nandana Bhardwaj et al., Integr. Biol.

Silk fibroin-keratin based 3D scaffolds as a dermal substitute for skin tissue engineering.

Development of highly vascular dermal tissue-engineered skin substitutes with appropriate mechanical properties and cellular cues is in need for significant advancement in the field of dermal reconstruction. Limitations have been imposed on natural biomaterials despite their superb biocompatibility hence, studies in biomaterial blending have been ongoing. Herein, we investigated blends of silk fibroin and human hair-derived keratin as wound-healing substrates that promote enhanced fibroblast cell adhesion and proliferation.

Tissue-engineered cartilage: the crossroads of biomaterials, cells and stimulating factors.

Damage to cartilage represents one of the most challenging tasks of musculoskeletal therapeutics due to its limited propensity for healing and regenerative capabilities. Lack of current treatments to restore cartilage tissue function has prompted research in this rapidly emerging field of tissue regeneration of functional cartilage tissue substitutes. The development of cartilaginous tissue largely depends on the combination of appropriate biomaterials, cell source, and stimulating factors.

Fabrication and characterization of biomaterial film from gland silk of muga and eri silkworms.

This study discusses the possibilities of liquid silk (Silk gland silk) of Muga and Eri silk, the indigenous non mulberry silkworms of North Eastern region of India, as potential biomaterials. Silk protein fibroin of Bombyx mori, commonly known as mulberry silkworm, has been extensively studied as a versatile biomaterial. As properties of different silk-based biomaterials vary significantly, it is important to characterize the non mulberry silkworms also in this aspect.