[Expression of proliferation marker Ki 67 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by a clonal expansion of low proliferating mature B and T lymphocytes in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. The nuclear antigen Ki 67 is a protein detected in G1, S, G2 and M phases of the cell cycle, but not in G0, and thus, is a widely accepted proliferation marker of Human tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate Ki 67 monoclonal antibody in CLL.

[Prevalence and morbidity of G6PD deficiency in sickle cell disease in the homozygote].

Sickle cell disease and G6PD deficiency have similar prevalence of 8 to 10% in Senegalese population. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Hb S carriers and normal subjects, and to assess the interaction of G6PD deficiency on clinical severity of sickle cell disease. G6PD activity was measured in 319 sickle cell patients and in 318 subjects without HbS.

Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension as initial manifestation of intravascular lymphoma: case report.

Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare and usually fatal disease that belongs to the class of high-grade malignant lymphomas and which is characterized by proliferation of neoplastic lymphoid cells exclusively within the lumina of small blood vessels. Its polymorphic and nonspecific clinical manifestations make antemortem diagnosis very difficult. We report herein a case of IVL revealed by fatal, precapillary, pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated with long-lasting fever.

[Bone marrow aspiration in diagnosis of hemopathies in Dakar, Senegal].

The cytological study of bone marrow aspirate, is a useful technique in diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of hemopathies. Between January 1991 and February 1999, we realized 1000 bone marrow puncture in Dakar hospitals, this study aims to analyze the frequency of diagnosed hemopathies, and to appreciate justification of prescription. Mean age was 31.

[Bronchial hyperreactivity syndrome : a case report following exposure to sulfur dioxide].

A variety of occupational asthma is induced by important exposure to irritants. A case is reported, where le patient developed asthma symptoms like, following huge exposure to sulfur dioxide. All Books criteria were met, except for the metachlorine challenge which was not performed.

[Evaluation of thrombotic risk in type 2 diabetes: determination of platelet factor 4 and beta thromboglobulin].

We achieved the dosage of platelet factor 4 (PF 4) and beta thromboglobulin (B-TG), two proteins stored in platelet alpha granules and released from the platelets when activated. These proteins were studied by ELISA technics in patients with type 2 diabetes without any complications (n = 32), with thrombotic complication (n = 32) and in a healthy control group (n = 32). The diabetic patients with complications had significantly elevated plasma levels of PF4 and B-TG compared with diabetic patients without complications, whereas levels of these proteins where normal in control group.

[Frequency of micoalbuminuria during diabetes in Dakar (Senegal)].

Nephropathy is one of the complications occuring during diabetes diagnosed via microalbuminuria. From 1992 to 1999, five hundred and eighty seven (587) diabetic patients were recruited in groups A (n = 270) and B (n=317). Microalbuminuria was determined by immunonepheletry for A and immunoturbidimetry for B.

[Frequency of microalbuminuria during diabetes in Dakar, Senegal].

Nephropathy is one of the complications occuring during diabetes and it is diagnosed via microalbuminuria. From 1992 to 1999, five hundred and eighty seven (587) diabetic patients were recruited and distributed into two groups, A (n = 270) and B (n = 317). Microalbuminuria was determined by immunonephelemetry for group A and immunoturbidimetry for group B.

[Hairy cell leukemia revealed by an isolated neutropenia].

Hairy cell leukemia is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder which affect predominantly older males. Typical presentation includes pancytopenia, splenomegaly, presence of malignant cells with hairy projections, and some difficulty to perform a bone marrow aspiration. Reported is a 78 year - old female patient, who presented only neutropenia.

[Maternal anaemia: effect on the newborn].

Pregnancy increases considerably iron needs in mother and her foetus. The purpose of our study is to measure the effect of maternal anaemia on the foetus and the effect of iron supplementation on the maternal and foetal reserves. Therefore, we conducted a three-month cross sectional study at the gynaecological and obstetrics clinics of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital.

[Occupational carpal tunnel syndrome: the case of a secretary].

We report a case of carpal tunnel syndrome which occurred in a office secretary, whose job task was mainly type writing. Occupational origin of this disease was stressed based on unilateral lesion, absence of personal and familial risk factors. Working conditions seem to explain the occurrence of symptoms.

[Reversal of iron deficiency anaemia after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection].

Introduction: The implication of Helicobacter pylori in the onset of anaemia due to iron deficiency, other than the occult bleeding that this germ can provoke, mediated by a peptic ulcer, lymphoma or gastric adenocarcinoma, is still controversial.

Observation: A 30 year-old woman was followed-up for 9 years for chronic recurrent anaemia, despite repeated iron therapies. The duodenal-gastro-oesophageal fibroscopy with antral biopsy finally revealed the presence of Helicobacter pylori.

Participation of African social scientists in malaria control: identifying enabling and constraining factors.

Objective: To examine the enabling and constraining factors that influence African social scientists involvement in malaria control.

Methods: Convenience and snowball sampling was used to identify participants. Data collection was conducted in two phases: a mailed survey was followed by in-depth phone interviews with selected individuals chosen from the survey.

[Hemophagocytic syndrome complicating adult's seropositive rheumatoid arthritis].

Introduction: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe complication of chronic rheumatic diseases, particularly juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. However, MAS is rarely described in adult rheumatoid polyarthritis.

Exegese: We report a case of MAS complicating a seropositive rheumatoid polyarthritis after 20 years of evolution.

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Dakar: study of 107 cases diagnosed between 1986 and 1998].

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL) are the most prevalent malignant hemopathies in Senegal. In this study we have investigated the epidemiological aspects considering the HIV infection pandemic, and evaluated the diagnosis means and evolutive features of this disease in Dakar. Between 1986 and 1998 (13 years), we collected 107 cases of NHL, all histologically confirmed.

[Antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent spontaneous abortions at the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Center].

Antiphospholipids including lupus anticoagulants (LA) and anticardiolipins (ACL) are known to be able to lead to many obstetricals complications like gravidic chorea, eclampsia and repeated spontaneous abortion. Our objective was to determine place of antiphospholipids among women presenting repeated spontaneous abortion in Senegal. We tested prospectively 96 women in a breeding age with a past history of at least 2 spontaneous abortion.

[Fibrinolytic syndrome during surgery for benign prostatic hypertrophy (50 cases in the urology service at the Aristide le Dantec University Hospital Center)].

Prostate's surgery is an haemorrhagic one owing to difficulties of surgical haemostasis and anomalies of the blood coagulation. The aim of this study to assess haemostasis anomalies after protatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We have performed a prospective study including 50 men of more of 55 years old.

[Homozygous sickle cell disease in patients above 20 years of age: follow-up of 108 patients in Dakar].

Context: The progress realized in the treatment of sickle cell anemia has resulted to a better and longer life for these patients in developed countries. Ongoing challenge are to manage complication and social living for these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine morbidity, mortality and socioprofessional insertion of homozygous sickle cell patients, followed up in Dakar university hospital.

[Epidemiologic aspects and medical-social impact of hemophilia at the University Hospital Center in Dakar].

The epidemiology and medico-social impact of hemophilia is poorly understood in Africa due to low incidence of the disease and lack of trained hematologists and adequate laboratory facilities. The purpose of this report is to describe our experience with the organization of regular follow-up for hemophilia patients at the University Hospital Center in Dakar, Senegal. A total of 54 patients with type A hemophilia were included in this three-year study.

[Norplant contraceptive implant].

Objective: Norplant is a long lasting contraceptive method which protect again pregnancy for five years. We studied the side effects and the variations related to weight and blood pressure.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out in three family planning clinics in Dakar with 450 women who have had their implants for at least six months.

[Pattern of type A hemophilia in Senegal: prospective study in 54 patients].

Little is known about hemophilia in the developing countries because of the difficulties in the diagnosis and the therapeutical management of this disease. Here we present the results of the follow-up of 54 patients in Senegal. Diagnosis was always confirmed by measuring the biological activity of factors VIII and IX.

[Epidemiological and angiofluorographic aspects of diabetic retinopathy in Senegal].

Purpose: Attempting to improve life expectancy among diabetics reveals degenerative complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) linked to microangiopathy. We assessed the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in its various forms amongst diabetics in Senegal.

Patients And Methods: We carried out a survey between March and October 1998.