Elucidating the clinical and genetic spectrum of inositol polyphosphate phosphatase INPP4A-related neurodevelopmental disorder.

Purpose: Biallelic INPP4A variants have recently been associated with severe neurodevelopmental disease in single-case reports. Here, we expand and elucidate the clinical-genetic spectrum and provide a pathomechanistic explanation for genotype-phenotype correlations.

Methods: Clinical and genomic investigations of 30 individuals were undertaken alongside molecular and in silico modelling and translation reinitiation studies.

A Metabolomic Signature of Ischemic Stroke Showing Acute Oxidative and Energetic Stress.

Metabolomics is a powerful data-driven tool for in-depth biological phenotyping that could help identify the specific metabolic profile of cryptogenic strokes, for which no precise cause has been identified. We performed a targeted quantitative metabolomics study in West African patients who had recently suffered an ischemic stroke, which was either cryptogenic ( = 40) or had a clearly identified cause ( = 39), compared to a healthy control group ( = 40). Four hundred fifty-six metabolites were accurately measured.

The Emergence of Carbapenem- and Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteria in Senegal.

Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) infections is a concern, particularly in Senegal. (1) Methods: Between January 2019 and July 2022, 240 isolates of enterobacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and imipenem from biological samples from Fann Hospital (Dakar) and Hôpital Paix (Ziguinchor) were selected.

Surveillance of Viral Encephalitis in the Context of COVID-19: A One-Year Observational Study among Hospitalized Patients in Dakar, Senegal.

The burden of encephalitis and its associated viral etiology is poorly described in Africa. Moreover, neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are increasingly reported in many countries, but less so in Africa. Our prospective study aimed to characterize the main viral etiologies of patients hospitalized for encephalitis in two hospitals in Dakar.

Spectrum of movement disorders: Experience of a one and half year of existence of the first specialized center in Senegal.

Background: Movement disorders have different prevalence in different regions and they are little studied in Africa.

Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence and determine the spectrum of movement disorders in the first specialized center in Senegal.

Methods: It was a prospective study over on 18 months in adult outpatient clinic.

The biomechanical effect of injury and repair of the inferior glenohumeral ligament on glenohumeral stability: Contribution of the posterior band.

Background: Many surgical procedures are proposed to manage shoulder instability with recurrent dislocation but there is still a high rate of failure or complications. Repairs are often limited to anterior part of inferior glenohumeral ligament but some authors are reporting better clinical results if its posterior band is also repaired. This biomechanical study aimed to investigate the impact of a supplementary posterior injury compared with an isolated anterior injury and to analyze the contribution of a posterior repair of the inferior glenohumeral ligament compared with an isolated anterior repair.

Prevalence and genetic characterization of noroviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Senegal, 2007-2010.

Norovirus is the leading cause of sporadic and epidemic acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children and adults around the world. We investigated the molecular diversity of noroviruses in a pediatric population in Senegal between 2007 and 2010 before the rotavirus vaccine implementation. Stool samples were collected from 599 children under 5 years of age consulting for AGE in a hospital in Dakar.

Upper limb kinematics after Latissimus Dorsi transfer in children with brachial plexus birth palsy.

Background: Brachial plexus birth palsy remains a frequent condition and one of its treatments is to transfer the Latissimus Dorsi tendon to the infraspinatus muscle. The aim of this study was to analyse, for the first time, the three-dimensional kinematic effects of this operation on the upper limb joints during the five Mallet tasks and their correlation with clinical parameters.

Methods: Kinematic analysis was performed using an electromagnetic device.

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Painful Ophthalmoplegia.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a painful ophthalmoplegia characterized by recurrent unilateral orbital pain, ipsilateral oculomotor paralysis, and a rapid response to steroids. Our report describes a 37-year-old young woman who presented with right ptosis, ipsilateral ophthalmoplegia, and painful headache with no other neurological deficits in which all biological and neuroimaging investigations were normal. Complete recovery within one week of corticosteroid therapy was observed.

Are Sub-Saharan epileptic people less photosensitive? A Senegalese study of photoparoxysmal response in a reference epilepsy centre.

The photoparoxysmal response (PPR) is defined as the occurrence of generalized spike, spike-wave or polyspike-wave discharges consistently elicited by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS). PPR is not well studied in Sub-Saharan African people. We prospectively studied the epidemiological, clinical, and EEG characteristics of PPR among consecutive patients recorded at the clinical neurophysiology unit of Fann University Hospital (Dakar, Senegal).

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of 1,4- Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Compounds.

Background: 1,2,3-triazoles are five-membered heterocyclic scaffold; their broad-spectrum biological activities are known. Researchers around the world are increasingly being interested in this emerging area, owing to its immense pharmacological scope.

Objective: This work summarizes the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles and the significance of this pattern as a lead structure for new drug molecules discovery.

Conceptual framework for establishing the African Stroke Organization.

Africa is the world's most genetically diverse, second largest, and second most populous continent, with over one billion people distributed across 54 countries. With a 23% lifetime risk of stroke, Africa has some of the highest rates of stroke worldwide and many occur in the prime of life with huge economic losses and grave implications for the individual, family, and the society in terms of mental capital, productivity, and socioeconomic progress. Tackling the escalating burden of stroke in Africa requires prioritized, multipronged, and inter-sectoral strategies tailored to the unique African epidemiological, cultural, socioeconomic, and lifestyle landscape.

Access to a Library of 1,3-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazenes and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Properties.

Background: Due to the rapid development of microbial resistance, finding new molecules became urgent to counteract this problem.

Objective: The objective of this work is to access 1,2,3-triazene-1,3-disubstituted, a class of molecule with high therapeutic potential.

Methods: Here we describe the access to 17 new triazene including six with an imidazole-1,2,3-triazene moiety and eleven with an alkyl-1,2,3-triazene moiety and their evaluation against five strains: two gram (-): Escherichia coli ATCC 25921 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27253; two gram (+) : Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 38213 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212; and one fungi: Candida albicans ATCC 24433.

Pathogens Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Senegal.

Introduction: While acute respiratory tract infections are the main cause of paediatric mortality and morbidity worldwide, pathogen patterns shift due to factors such as hygiene, vaccinations, and antibiotic resistance. Knowledge about current cause of respiratory infections is lacking, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to identity the various respiratory pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children below 5 years of age visiting a sub-urban primary care clinic in Senegal.

Changes in the Molecular Epidemiology of Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis in Senegal After Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction.

Background: Bacterial meningitis is a major cause of mortality among children under 5 years of age. Senegal is part of World Health Organization-coordinated sentinel site surveillance for pediatric bacterial meningitis surveillance. We conducted this analysis to describe the epidemiology and etiology of bacterial meningitis among children less than 5 years in Senegal from 2010 and to 2016.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO-SD) in a Sub-Saharan Africa country: A preliminary study of sixteen Senegalese cases.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. In Sub-Saharan Africa, publications are rare and deal with isolated cases. Our goal was to analyze the characteristics of NMO spectrum disorders in a Senegalese cohort compiled in Dakar.

Evaluation of the mono instrument (Wave One) mechanical action on the bacterial load reduction: study of 32 permanent human teeth.

Context: is the most common bacteria found in infected root canals.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the mono instrument (wave-one) on the reduction of in root canals.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two human monoroot teeth were used.

Viral and Bacterial Etiologies of Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under 5 Years in Senegal.

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the leading cause of infectious disease-related morbidity, hospitalization, and morbidity among children worldwide. This study aimed to assess the viral and bacterial causes of ARI morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years in Senegal. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from children under 5 years who had ARI.

De novo generation in an in vivo rat model and biomechanical characterization of autologous transplants for ligament and tendon reconstruction.

Background: Surgical reconstruction of ligaments and tendons is frequently required in clinical practice. The commonly used autografts, allografts, or synthetic transplants present limitations in terms of availability, biocompatibility, cost, and mechanical properties that tissue bioengineering aims to overcome. It classically combines an exogenous extracellular matrix with cells, but this approach remains complex and expensive.

Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression Secondary to Liver Cancer.

Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is a medical emergency that requires rapid diagnosis and treatment to reduce pain, to preserve neurological functioning, and to prolong survival. The diagnosis of liver cancer is often neglected in the differential diagnosis of MSCC. Treatment is usually palliative and evolution is often fatal.

Impact of rotavirus vaccine on acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years in Senegal: Experience of sentinel site of the Albert Royer Children's Hospital in Dakar.

Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age in developing countries, with rotavirus being the most common infectious etiology. In November 2014, monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Senegal. We determined the impact of rotavirus vaccine on hospitalizations for all-cause and rotavirus related AGE in children <60 months of age.

Post-ivermectin encephalopathy in Senegal: a case report.

Ivermectin is an ant parasitic drug used for combating onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. It works by inhibiting the function of neurons and muscles, thus causing paralysis of microfilariae. Side effects of this drug have been reported including post-ivermectin encephalopathy requiring emergency care in hospital.

Etiology of Severe Acute Watery Diarrhea in Children in the Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network Using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Background: The etiology of acute watery diarrhea remains poorly characterized, particularly after rotavirus vaccine introduction.

Methods: We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction for multiple enteropathogens on 878 acute watery diarrheal stools sampled from 14643 episodes captured by surveillance of children <5 years of age during 2013-2014 from 16 countries. We used previously developed models of the association between pathogen quantity and diarrhea to calculate pathogen-specific weighted attributable fractions (AFs).