Anterior chamber morphological and refractive outcomes following phacoemulsification in pseudoexfoliative eyes: A case-control study.

Purpose: To compare changes in angle morphology, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and refractive prediction error (PE) after phacoemulsification between pseudoexfoliative (PEX) and non-PEX eyes.

Methods: Prospective case-control study of eyes submitted to cataract surgery. Biometric data and angle parameters - Anterior Chamber Angle (ACA), Angle Opening Distance (AOD), Scleral Spur Angles (SSA) and Trabecular Iris Space Area (TISA) - were measured preoperatively and 1-month postoperatively through swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Flipped implantable collamer lens causing angle closure and creating a unique challenge for intraocular lens calculation.

Extreme myopic laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) poses challenges regarding future intraocular lens (IOL) power selection. A male patient in his 40s complained of progressive right eye (OD) diminished visual acuity. He had a history of myopic LASIK in both eyes (OU) 20 years before, and implantable collamer lens (ICL) implant in OU 8 years before.

Comparison of the Barrett Universal II, Kane and VRF-G formulas with existing intraocular lens calculation formulas in eyes with short axial lengths.

Background: To compare the accuracy of recently developed modern intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas (Barrett Universal II, Kane and VRF-G) with existing IOL power formulas in eyes with an axial length (AL) ≤ 22 mm.

Methods: This analysis comprised 172 eyes of 172 patients operated on by one surgeon (LT) with one IQ SN60WF (Alcon Labs, Fort Worth, TX, USA) hydrophobic lens. Ten IOL formulas were evaluated: Barrett Universal II (BUII), Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Kane, SRK/T, T2, VRF and VRF-G.

Intraocular lens power calculation formulas accuracy in combined phacovitrectomy: an 8-formulas comparison study.

Background: Our study aimed to assess and compare the accuracy of 8 intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas (Barrett Universal II, EVO 2.0, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Kane and PEARL-DGS) in patients submitted to combined phacovitrectomy for vitreomacular (VM) interface disorders.

Methods: Retrospective chart review study including axial-length matched patients submitted to phacoemulsification alone (Group 1) and combined phacovitrectomy (Group 2).

Clinical Accuracy of 18 IOL Power Formulas in 241 Short Eyes.

Purpose: To analyze the accuracy of 18 intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in eyes with axial length (AL) ≤ 22 mm.

Methods: We analyzed 241 eyes of 241 patients. Eighteen formulas were evaluated: Barrett Universal II (BUII), EVO 2.

Corneal sub-basal nerve plexus assessment and its association with phenotypic features and lymphocyte subsets in Sjögren's Syndrome.

Purpose: To assess and compare corneal sub-basal nerve plexus morphology with circulating lymphocyte subsets, immunologic status and disease activity in Sjögren syndrome (SjS) patients.

Methods: Fifty-five SjS patients, 63 Sicca patients (not fulfilling SjS criteria), 18 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included. Systemic disease activity in SjS was assessed with the ESSDAI score.

Non-central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy.

Subretinal fluid accumulation in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may represent a diagnostic challenge. We present a case of a 43-year-old man with baseline diagnosis of SLE and hydroxychloroquine-associated maculopathy who reported progressive vision loss on the right eye, associated with corticosteroids use for an arthritic crisis. Ophthalmological examination did not reveal any acute finding.

VRF-G, a New Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formula: A 13-Formulas Comparison Study.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of a newly developed intraocular lens (IOL) power formula (VRF-G) with twelve existing formulas (Barret Universal II, EVO 2.0, Haigis, Hill-RBF 2.0, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Kane, Næeser 2, PEARL-DGS, SRK/T, T2 and VRF).

Iris melanocytoma and secondary glaucoma.

Iris melanocytoma (IM) is a rare variant of iris nevus with distinctive clinical and histopathological features. A 66-year-old woman, with a history of right eye pigmented iris nevus, presented to us with a recent onset of visual acuity decrease in that eye. She had a melanocytic iris lesion with iridocorneal angle invasion, peripheral corneal adhesion, pupil corectopia, sectorial cataract and high intraocular pressure.

Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and intraocular lens calculation formula accuracy: nine formulas comparison.

Background/aims: To investigate the influence of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT) on 9 intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas accuracy, in patients with normal axial lengths.

Methods: Retrospective case series, including patients having uncomplicated cataract surgery with insertion of a single IOL model, divided into three groups according to preoperative ACD. Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups, according to the LT.

A Review of Neuro-Ophthalmological Manifestations of Human Coronavirus Infection.

Introduction: Human coronavirus (HCoVs) are a group of viruses with recognized neurotropic and neuroinvasive capabilities. The reports on the neurological and ocular findings are increasing day after day and several central and peripheral neurological manifestations are already described. However, none specifically describes the neuro-ophthalmological manifestation of HCoVs.

Central retinal artery occlusion from endocarditis.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a rare but blinding disorder. We present a case of a 81-year-old woman with multiple cardiovascular comorbidities admitted to the emergency department due to sudden, painless vision loss on left eye (oculus sinister (OS)) on awakening. The patient also reported long standing fatigue associated with effort that started 4 months before admission.

Long-term results of Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty for endothelial failure caused by phakic intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To describe the surgical approach and long-term outcomes of Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) for endothelial failure secondary to phakic intraocular lenses (pIOL).

Methods: Retrospective, interventional case series of 18 eyes of 13 patients who developed endothelial failure secondary to pIOL implant. Patients were submitted to pIOL explant and DSAEK for visual rehabilitation, with or without phacoemulsification plus posterior-chamber intraocular lens implant.

Optic neuropathy due to chronic lymphocytic leukemia: The first manifestation of the disease.

Purpose: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common lymphoproliferative disorder in the western world. The involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) or the optic nerve in CLL, however, is rare. We report a case of a previously untreated patient with CLL whose first manifestation of the disease was a progressive visual loss caused by optic neuropathy.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for bilateral anterior lenticonus.

Anterior lenticonus is a characteristic ocular feature of Alport syndrome, leading to progressive vision deterioration. Surgical lens removal may be an option in such cases, and the role of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) has been recently described. Herein, we report the third described case, to our knowledge, of bilateral anterior lenticonus surgically approached through FLACS.

Parainfectious optic neuritis followed by microcystic macular oedema.

Parainfectious optic neuritis is a very rare cause of acute vision loss. We present a case of a 51-year-old man with a recent upper respiratory tract infection, presumably of viral aetiology, who showed up with complains of painless right eye vision loss, followed by the same symptoms on the left eye 3 weeks later. Ophthalmological examination revealed optic disc swelling (sequential in severity) which was confirmed by optic disc imaging.

Bilateral metastases to the extraocular muscles from small cell lung carcinoma.

Bilateral orbital metastases restricted to the extraocular muscles (EOMs) are exceedingly rare. We report a case of bilateral extraocular muscle metastases from a small cell lung carcinoma and provide a review of the relevant literature. A 56-year-old smoker presented with proptosis, motility changes, and a relative afferent pupillary defect of the left eye, with a previous history of a small cell lung carcinoma.

Choroidal binarization analysis: clinical application.

Introduction: Image processing of optical coherence tomography scans through binarization techniques represent a non-invasive way to separately asses and measure choroidal components, in vivo. In this review, we systematically search the scientific literature regarding binarization studies published so far.

Methods: A systematic research was conducted at PubMed database, including English literature articles for all of the following terms in various combinations: binarization, choroid/al, enhanced depth spectral domain/swept source optic coherence tomography, and latest publications up to November 2018 were reviewed.

[Evaluation of The Medical Board Exam in Portugal].

Introduction: There is a high heterogeneity in the structure of postgraduate medical training evaluation worldwide. However, in contrast to other countries, there have been no scientific studies of the final medical board examination, in Portugal. The present study aimed to evaluate the adequacy of the medical board examination including its validity as measured by its association with medical school grade average and national seriation examination.