Tracheal metallic hybrid stent removal via tracheostomy: an unconventional approach.

Increasing use of tracheal expandable metallic hybrid stents will lead to common encounters with these devices in emergency airway management. The presence of these stents qualifies any patient as a challenge when an emergency tracheostomy is needed. We report an unorthodox technique of tracheostomy with concomitant removal of tracheal stent, without any major complications.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in malignant otitis externa: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Malignant otitis externa (MOE) is a rare form of invasive osteomyelitis of the external ear canal. It is typically caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis is clinical, and the initial treatment involves systemic antibiotics or antifungal therapy.

Stereotactic anatomy of the third ventricle.

Purpose: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a surgical procedure that can lead to complications and requires detailed preoperative planning. This study aimed to provide a more accurate understanding of the anatomy of the third ventricle and the location of important structures to improve the safety and success of ETV.

Methods: We measured the stereotactic coordinates of six points of interest relative to a predefined stereotactic reference point in 23 cadaver brain hemi-sections, 200 normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and 24 hydrocephalic brain MRI scans.

Neurosurgical anatomy of the insular cortex.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the morphology of the insular cortex focusing not only on the shape of the insula, but also on sulcal and gyral organization.

Patients And Methods: Sixty formalin-fixed adult brain hemispheres had their insula exposed and photographed. The dimensions of each gyrus and sulcus were measured using an image analysis software.

Morphology and Navigational Landmarks of the Cranio-orbital Foramen in a Portuguese Population.

Purpose: The cranio-orbital and accessory foramina are located in the lateral wall of the orbit and adjacent to the superior orbital fissure. In the literature, there is a lack of consistency concerning the location and morphology of these foramina in different populations. Therefore, considering its clinical importance during orbital surgeries, it was the authors' aim to determine the incidence, location, and number of cranio-orbital and accessory foramina in a Portuguese population and compare the findings with data from other studies.

Neurosurgical relevance of the dissection of the diencephalic white matter tracts using the Klingler technique.

Objective: The Klingler fiber dissection technique is a relevant and reliable method for neurosurgery to identify with accuracy the fine structure of the brain anatomy highlighting white matter tracts. In order to demonstrate the significance of the application of this technique, we aimed to observe the course and relations of the mammillothalamic and habenulo-interpeduncular tracts as there are very few papers showing these important diencephalic tracts.

Material And Methods: Twelve formalin-fixed brains were dissected using the Klingler technique in order to expose the medial diencephalic surface.