Custom-built constrained uniaxial and rotating hinge total knee replacement in cats: Clinical application, design principles, surgical technique, and clinical outcome.

Objective: To describe the design principles and evolution, surgical technique, and outcome for custom constrained (uniaxial and rotating hinge) total knee replacement (TKR) in cats.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Nine cats with traumatic stifle luxation (n = 8) or severe distal femoral deformity (n = 1) were considered suitable candidates.