Portrait of a Cerebral Killer.

: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by is a rare and devastating infection of the central nervous system, often diagnosed late, due to its rapid progression and nonspecific symptoms. We report one of the youngest documented pediatric Vietnamese cases of PAM in a 10-month-old girl from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The diagnosis was confirmed through multiplex real-time PCR (MPL-rPCR), microscopy, and sequencing.

Highly Efficient Removal of Cr(VI) by Biochar Derived from Vietnamese Young Durian Fruit: Comparison of Traditional and Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis.

This study compares the material characteristics and evaluates the Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of biochar derived from a novel byproduct (young durian fruit, YDF), synthesized using two pyrolysis methods (traditional and microwave-assisted). The optimal pyrolysis conditions for porosity were 800 °C and 800 W for 30 min, respectively. The traditional pyrolysis method yielded a very high surface area and pore volume (668 m/g; 0.

Adsorption mechanism of aqueous Cr(vi) by Vietnamese corncob biochar: a spectroscopic study.

Cr(vi) is highly toxic and carcinogenic, posing significant threats to health and ecosystems. This study utilizes solid waste from corncobs to synthesize biochar (CCBC) for the removal of Cr(vi) from water. The most effective Cr(vi) removal was achieved at pH 2.

Assessing People's Awareness of Environmental and Health Impacts of Straw Burning in Southeast Vietnam Through Factor Analysis and Proposing Sustainable Solutions.

Rice production in Southeast Vietnam generates a large amount of straw, which is often burnt directly in fields, causing air pollution and affecting community health. This study aims to assess the awareness of the environmental and health impacts of straw burning among farmers, students, and managers in the provinces of Tay Ninh, Binh Phuoc, and Dong Nai, Vietnam. We conducted a survey of 686 individuals, divided into 3 main groups: 349 farmers, 250 students, and 87 local government officials.

Enhanced energy storage performance in BaZrTiOlead-free ferroelectrics near phase transitions.

The present study explores the energy storage properties of BaZrTi1-xOthrough phase-field modeling, focusing on the impact of composition and temperature on energy storage performance. The obtained results reveal a variety of polarization phases and configurations based on Zr compositions and temperatures. A detailed phase diagram for temperature-composition of BaZrTi1-xOis established, closely aligning with experimental measurements.

Specialized post-arterial capillaries facilitate adult bone remodelling.

The vasculature of the skeletal system is crucial for bone formation, homoeostasis and fracture repair, yet the diversity and specialization of bone-associated vessels remain poorly understood. Here we identify a specialized type of post-arterial capillary, termed type R, involved in bone remodelling. Type R capillaries emerge during adolescence around trabecular bone, possess a distinct morphology and molecular profile, and are associated with osteoprogenitors and bone-resorbing osteoclasts.

Improving Soil Quality and Crop Yields Using Enhancing Sustainable Rice Straw Management Through Microbial Enzyme Treatments.

This study develops a model to raise public awareness about the consequences of burning rice straw after harvest, including environmental pollution, soil degradation, and increased CO emissions that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The distinctive feature of the research is the introduction of a post-harvest rice straw treatment process using microbial products capable of secreting cellulase enzymes, which can break down the cellulose in the straw. This process shortens the decomposition time and produces natural organic fertilizer, thus reducing cultivation costs by 60% and increasing crop yields by 20%.

Pt Single Atom-Doped Triphasic VP-NiP-MoP Heterostructure: Unveiling a Breakthrough Electrocatalyst for Efficient Water Splitting.

Enhancement of an alkaline water splitting reaction in Pt-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) relies on effective metal-support interactions. A Pt single atom (Pt)-immobilized three-phased Pt@VP-NiP-MoP heterostructure on nickel foam is presented, demonstrating high catalytic performance. The existence of Pt on triphasic metal phosphides gives an outstanding performance toward overall water splitting.

BLEscope: A Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Microscope for Wireless Multicontrast Functional Imaging.

Recent advances in low-power wireless-capable system-on-chips (SoCs) have accelerated diverse Internet of Things (IoT) applications, encompassing wearables, asset monitoring, and more. Concurrently, the field of neuroimaging has experienced escalating demand for lightweight, untethered, low-power systems capable of imaging in small animals. This article explores the feasibility of using a low-power asset monitoring system as the basis of a new architecture for fluorescence and hemodynamic contrast-based wireless functional imaging.

Induced blood flow oscillations at 0.1 Hz protects oxygenation of severely ischemic tissue in humans.

Generating 10-s (∼0.1 Hz) fluctuations or "oscillations" in arterial pressure and blood flow blunts reductions in cerebral tissue oxygenation in response to 15%-20% reductions in cerebral blood flow. To examine the effect of 0.

Complete genomes of two cluster AK phages isolated from soil samples in Newburgh, NY, United States.

Two phages belonging to phage cluster AK were isolated from soil samples collected in Newburgh, NY in 2021. Both are lytic with a genome organization typical of siphoviruses except for two genes encoding minor tail proteins with pyocin-knob domains found early in the genome, before the terminase gene.

Enhancing the Cardiovascular Health Construct With a Psychological Health Metric for Predicting Mortality Risk.

Background: The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) Presidential Advisory deemed psychological health foundational for cardiovascular health (CVH) but did not include it as a CVH metric.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations of a CVH construct enhanced with a ninth metric for psychological health based on readily administered depression screening with mortality risk in U.S.

Mapping adipose tissue in short-axis echocardiograms using spectral analysis.

The number one cause of death in the United States is consistently cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have proven that the buildup of cardiac adipose tissue (CAT) around the heart is a biomarker of CVD. MRI is the gold standard for imaging CAT but is expensive and not widely available.

An Effective Health System Approach to End TB: Implementing the Double X Strategy in Vietnam.

Countries that are high burden for TB must reverse the COVID-19 pandemic's devastating effects to accelerate progress toward ending TB. Vietnam's Double X (2X) strategy uses chest radiography (CXR) and GeneXpert (Xpert) rapid diagnostic testing to improve early detection of TB disease. Household contacts and vulnerable populations (e.

Realizing the Tailored Catalytic Performances on Atomic Pt-Promoted Transition Metal Moieties Implanted Layered Double Hydroxides for Water Electrolysis.

High-performance production of green hydrogen gas is necessary to develop renewable energy generation technology and to safeguard the living environment. This study reports a controllable engineering approach to tailor the structure of nickel-layered double hydroxides via doped and absorbed platinum single atoms (Pt) promoted by low electronegative transition metal (Mn, Fe) moieties (Pt-Mn,Fe-Ni LDHs). We explore that the electron donation from neighboring transition metal moieties results in the well-adjusted -band center with the low valence states of Pt and Pt, thus optimizing adsorption energy to effectively accelerate the H release.

Oxidative potential of particulate matter and its association to respiratory health endpoints in high-altitude cities in Bolivia.

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) pollution is a significant health risk, driving the search for innovative metrics that more accurately reflect the potential harm to human health. Among these, oxidative potential (OP) has emerged as a promising health-based metric, yet its application and relevance across different environments remain to be further explored. This study, set in two high-altitude Bolivian cities, aims to identify the most significant sources of PM-induced oxidation in the lungs and assess the utility of OP in assessing PM health impacts.

Iodine-promoted amide formation oxidative cleavage of indoles: novel quinazoline-4(3)-one and tryptanthrin syntheses.

A highly efficient method for the direct construction of amide bonds a selective cleavage of C-H and C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds in indole structures using an iodine-promoted approach was developed. Mechanistic studies indicated the formation of superoxide radicals obtained from molecular oxygen activation as a key intermediate step, which provided a precursor for subsequent oxidative ring-opening and intermolecular cyclization. A broad range of quinazolin-4(3)-ones and tryptanthrins were synthesized in moderate to good yields under mild and environmentally benign conditions.

Optoelectronic Properties of Nitrogen-Doped Hexagonal Graphene Quantum Dots: A First-Principles Study.

Graphene quantum dots have been widely studied owing to their unique optical, electrical, and optoelectrical properties for various applications in solar devices. Here, we investigate the optoelectronic properties of hexagonal and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots using the first-principles method. We find that doping nitrogen atoms to hexagonal graphene quantum dots results in a significant red shift toward the visible light range as compared to that of the pristine graphene quantum dots, and the doped nitrogen atoms also induce a clear signature of anisotropy of the frontier orbitals induced by the electron correlation between the doped nitrogen atoms and their adjacent carbon atoms.

Accelerated CD8 T cell maturation in infants with perinatal HIV infection.

In perinatal HIV infection, early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is recommended but questions remain regarding infant immune responses to HIV and its impact on immune development. Using single cell transcriptional and phenotypic analysis we evaluated the T cell compartment at pre-ART initiation of infants with perinatally acquired HIV from Maputo, Mozambique (Towards AIDS Remission Approaches cohort). CD8 T cell maturation subsets exhibited altered distribution in HIV exposed infected (HEI) infants relative to HIV exposed uninfected infants with reduced naive, increased effectors, higher frequencies of activated T cells, and lower frequencies of cells with markers of self-renewal.

Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus in North Central Vietnam during 2021 and early 2022.

In October 2020, the first outbreaks of lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Lang Son Province, Vietnam were reported by our laboratory. The disease had rapidly spread to the South, and it was reported in 55 of 63 provinces and cities of Vietnam by the end of 2021. The most economic loss caused by this disease occurred in the north-central region in 2021 where approximately 46,788 LSD virus (LSDV) infected cattle and buffaloes have been reported and 8,976 animals have been culled.