-Infected Apples Benefit Larval Development of via Alterations of Their Gut Bacteria Community and Gene Expression.

Pathogenic microorganisms can impact the behavior and physiology of herbivores by direct or indirect means. This study demonstrated that yellow peach moth larvae feeding on -infected apples exhibited significantly longer body length and weight parameters compared to the control group. The sequencing of gut 16S rRNA showed a significant increase in the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the larvae feeding on -infected apples.

Trehalose 6-phosphate synthase gene rdtps1 contributes to thermal acclimation in Rhyzopertha dominica.

Background: The lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica), a worldwide primary pest of stored grain, causes serious economic losses and threatens stored food safety. R. dominica can respond to changes in temperature, especially the adaptability to heat.

Stability evaluation of candidate reference genes for real-time qPCR normalization in Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrycidae).

Rhyzopertha dominica is a serious stored grain insect pest around the world. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a widely used experimental method in molecular biology for detecting the expression of target genes. As appropriate reference genes are essential for normalizing gene expression, the selection of suitable reference genes is the basis of RT-qPCR experiments.

The Regulatory Functions of σ Factor in Phytopathogenic Bacteria.

σ factor (RpoN), a type of transcriptional regulatory factor, is widely found in pathogenic bacteria. It binds to core RNA polymerase (RNAP) and regulates the transcription of many functional genes in an enhancer-binding protein (EBP)-dependent manner. σ has two conserved functional domains: the activator-interacting domain located at the N-terminal and the DNA-binding domain located at the C-terminal.

First molecular characterization of poxviruses in cattle, sheep, and goats in Botswana.

Background: Poxviruses within the Capripoxvirus, Orthopoxvirus, and Parapoxvirus genera can infect livestock, with the two former having zoonotic importance. In addition, they induce similar clinical symptoms in common host species, creating a challenge for diagnosis. Although endemic in the country, poxvirus infections of small ruminants and cattle have received little attention in Botswana, with no prior use of molecular tools to diagnose and characterize the pathogens.

Identification of c-di-GMP Signaling Components in and Their Orthologs in Xanthomonads Involved in Regulation of Bacterial Virulence Expression.

pv. () causes bacterial leaf blight of rice, one of the most devastating bacterial diseases of this staple crop worldwide. produces a range of virulence-related factors to facilitate its pathogenesis in rice, however, the regulatory mechanisms of virulence expression have been not fully elucidated.

pv. Response Regulator TriP Regulates Virulence and Exopolysaccharide Production Via Interacting With c-di-GMP Phosphodiesterase PdeR.

PdeR, a response regulator of the two-component system (TCS) with the cognate histidine kinase PdeK, has been shown to be an active phosphodiesterase (PDE) for intracellular cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) turnover and positively regulates the virulence of pv. , the causal pathogen of bacterial blight of rice. To further reveal the key components and pathways involved in the PdeR-mediated c-di-GMP regulation of virulence, 16 PdeR-interacting proteins were identified, using the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay.

Phosphodiesterase EdpX1 Promotes Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Virulence, Exopolysaccharide Production, and Biofilm Formation.

In pv. oryzae, the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, there are over 20 genes encoding GGDEF, EAL, and HD-GYP domains, which are potentially involved in the metabolism of second messenger c-di-GMP. In this study, we focused on the characterization of an EAL domain protein, EdpX1.