Breaking barriers: noninvasive AI model for BRAF mutation identification.

Objective: BRAF is the most common mutation found in thyroid cancer and is particularly associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Currently, genetic mutation detection relies on invasive procedures. This study aimed to extract radiomic features and utilize deep transfer learning (DTL) from ultrasound images to develop a noninvasive artificial intelligence model for identifying BRAF mutations.

Risk factors for surgical site infection following thyroid surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Thyroid surgery is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of thyroid diseases, such as thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer, and hyperthyroidism. Despite significant advancements in surgical techniques and perioperative care, surgical site infection (SSI) remains a frequent postoperative complication, which can lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased medical costs, and decreased quality of life for patients. Identifying risk factors for SSI is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Temporal trends of thyroid cancer in China and globally from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of Disease Study 2021.

The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) is increasing annually worldwide, with a growing burden. This study aims to analyze temporal trends in the burden of TC by age and sex in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates, and to predict future trends. We obtained data on TC in China and globally from 1990 to 2021 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database.

The quality and reliability of short videos about thyroid nodules on BiliBili and TikTok: Cross-sectional study.

Background: The detection rate of thyroid nodules has witnessed a significant surge in recent years, triggering heightened public apprehension. Short video platforms such as TikTok and BiliBili have showed tremendous potential in the dissemination of health information. There is a plethora of videos about thyroid nodules on TikTok and BiliBili, but the quality and reliability of videos concerning thyroid nodules remains unknown.

Emerging insights into thyroid cancer from immunotherapy perspective: A bibliometric analysis.

Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy that poses considerable therapeutic challenges in treating anaplastic carcinoma and advanced aggressive disease. Immunotherapy has become a prominent strategy for cancer treatment, and has shown remarkable advancements in recent years. In this study, we utilized visualization and bibliometric tools to analyze publications on thyroid cancer immunotherapy from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Association between blood inflammatory indicators and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype of thyroid cancer, accounting for up to 85-90% of cases, with the best overall prognosis and mostly inert tumors. However, some tumors are aggressive, causing metastasis, recurrence, and other bad outcomes. Preoperative inflammation indices, such as lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in peripheral blood, have recently gained attention as nonspecific markers of inflammatory response in thyroid.

Ferroptosis in thyroid cancer: Potential mechanisms, effective therapeutic targets and predictive biomarker.

Thyroid cancer is a prevalent endocrine malignancy whose global incidence has risen over the past several decades. Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death distinguished by the excessive buildup of iron-dependent lipid peroxidates, stands out from other programmed cell death pathways in terms of morphological and molecular characteristics. Increasing evidence suggests a close association between thyroid cancer and ferroptosis, that is, inducing ferroptosis effectively suppresses the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells and impede tumor advancement.

CRISPR/Cas-based CAR-T cells: production and application.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment approach for cancer, autoimmune disease, and heart disease. The integration of CAR into T cells is typically facilitated by retroviral or lentiviral vectors. However, the random insertion of CARs can lead to issues like clonal expansion, oncogenic transformation, variegated transgene expression, and transcriptional silencing.

Nomogram model based on preoperative clinical characteristics of unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma to predict contralateral medium-volume central lymph node metastasis.

Objectives: To explore the preoperative high-risk clinical factors for contralateral medium-volume central lymph node metastasis (conMVCLNM) in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma (uPTC) and the indications for dissection of contralateral central lymph nodes (conCLN).

Methods: Clinical and pathological data of 204 uPTC patients who underwent thyroid surgery at the Hangzhou First People's Hospital from September 2010 to October 2022 were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the independent risk factors for contralateral central lymph node metastasis (conCLNM) and conMVCLNM in uPTC patients based on the preoperative clinical data.

Microscopic extrathyroidal extension does not affect the prognosis of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: A propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) can be divided into two categories based on different degrees of invasion: microscopic ETE (micro-ETE) and macroscopic ETE (macro-ETE). At present, there is a consensus that macro-ETE significantly affects PTC prognosis, while the prognostic significance of micro-ETE remains controversial.

Methods: The clinicopathological and follow-up data for PTC patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Hangzhou First People's Hospital between 2015 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

Preoperative risk stratification for patients with ≤ 1 cm papillary thyroid carcinomas based on preoperative blood inflammatory markers: construction of a dynamic predictive model.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships and predictive value of preoperative peripheral blood inflammatory markers as a means by which to assess risk for patients with ≤ 1 cm papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). In addition, a preoperative risk stratification predictive model was constructed and validated.

Methods: Clinical and pathologic data, as well as preoperative blood specimens, were collected from patients who underwent initial thyroid cancer surgery at the Hangzhou First People's Hospital, from January 2014 to January 2023.

Expression and Prognostic Value of m6A RNA Methylation-Related Genes in Thyroid Cancer.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification is involved in tumorigenesis and progression and can affect various stages of RNA processing. We aimed to determine m6A methylation modifications on a transcriptome-wide scale in thyroid cancer.

Methods: RNA samples from cancerous tissues and adjacent tissues extracted from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) from Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China from January 2019 to January 2020 were used for m6A-sequencing.

Risk stratification of papillary thyroid cancers using multidimensional machine learning.

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies with different risk levels. However, preoperative risk assessment of PTC is still a challenge in the worldwide. Here, the authors first report a Preoperative Risk Assessment Classifier for PTC (PRAC-PTC) by multidimensional features including clinical indicators, immune indices, genetic feature, and proteomics.

The predictive value of the thyroid nodule benign and malignant based on the ultrasound nodule-to-muscle gray-scale ratio.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of the ultrasonic nodule to muscle gray scale ratio as a predictive tool for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at the First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, affiliated with the Zhejiang University School of Medicine, analyzing ultrasound and pathological data of patients with thyroid nodules between May 2020 and December 2022. The study extracted ultrasound features of nodules and employed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify independent risk factors for malignant tumors in the nodules.

US of thyroid nodules: can AI-assisted diagnostic system compete with fine needle aspiration?

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can diagnose thyroid nodules with similar or better performance than radiologists. Little is known about how this performance compares with that achieved through fine needle aspiration (FNA). This study aims to compare the diagnostic yields of FNA cytopathology alone and combined with BRAFV600E mutation analysis and an AI diagnostic system.

Neuroendocrine neoplasm with metastasis to the thyroid: a case report and literature review.

Thyroid cancer can be divided into two types according to its cellular origin, i.e., malignant tumors originating from thyroid cells and cancers that metastasize to the thyroid from other sites, the latter of which are, clinically rare.

Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cell Landscapes in the Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) increases the risk of distant metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. However, it remains unclear how tumor cells in PTC patients with LNM evade immune system surveillance and proceed to colonize distant organs. Here, we comprehensively characterize the tumor-infiltrating immune cell landscape in PTC with LNM.

Combined fine-needle aspiration and selective intraoperative frozen section to optimize prediction of malignant thyroid nodules: A retrospective cohort study of more than 3000 patients.

Background: Preoperative fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is widely used to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid nodules, while intraoperative frozen sections (FS) are suggested as a systematic supplement for intraoperative decision-making, but limitations still remain for both procedures.

Methods: Medical records of 3807 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent both pathological diagnoses (FS and FNA) at our hospital were reviewed. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FNA and FS were also evaluated.

A Novel Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Prediction of Disease-Free Survival in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: The incidence and recurrence rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are high. Thus, it is critical to accurately identify patients at high risk of recurrence. Pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death closely related to the progression and prognosis of cancer.

Blood immune indexes can predict lateral lymph node metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of blood immune indexes in predicting lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) of thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC).

Methods: The pathological data and preoperative blood samples of 713 patients that underwent thyroid surgery at affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2013 to June 2021 were collected as the model group. The pathological data and preoperative blood samples of 177 patients that underwent thyroid surgery in the same hospital from July 2021 to October 2021 were collected as the external validation group.