Conformational Landscapes of 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, and 2,6-Difluorobenzaldehyde Unveiled by Rotational Spectroscopy.

We report the coexistence of -conformers and energetically unfavorable -conformers of 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, and 2,6-difluorobenzaldehyde in the gas phase using broadband chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave (CP-FTMW) spectroscopy. The rotational spectra of monosubstituted C isotopologues of the -conformers have also been assigned in natural abundance, which were used to derive their vibrationally averaged geometries and semi-experimental equilibrium structures. The energy differences between and conformations are estimated to be 10.

Intermolecular Interactions between Aldehydes and Alcohols: Conformational Equilibrium and Rotational Spectra of Acrolein-Methanol Complex.

The rotational spectra of the 1:1 complex formed by acrolein and methanol and its deuterated isotopologues have been analyzed. Two stable conformations in which two hydrogen bonds between the two moieties are formed were detected. The rotational lines show a hyperfine structure due to the methyl group internal rotation in the complex and the barriers hindering the motion were determined as 2.

A rotational spectroscopy study of microsolvation effects on intramolecular proton transfer in trifluoroacetylacetone-(HO).

Trifluoroacetylacetone (TFAA) has two enol forms, which can switch to each other proton transfer. While much attention has been paid to their conformational preferences, the influence of microsolvation on regulating the proton position remains unexplored. Herein, we report the rotational spectra of trifluoroacetylacetone-(water) ( = 1-3) investigated by chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the 2-8 GHz frequency range.

Enhanced NMDA receptor pathway and glutamate transmission in the hippocampal dentate gyrus mediate the spatial learning and memory impairment of obese rats.

Obesity has been linked with the impairment of spatial memory and synaptic plasticity but the molecular mechanisms remained unidentified. Since glutamatergic transmission and NMDA receptor neural pathways in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) are essential in the learning and memory, we aimed to investigate glutamate (Glu) and NMDA receptor signaling of DG in spatial learning and memory in diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats. Spatial learning and memory were assessed via Morris water maze (MWM) test on control (Ctr) and DIO rats.

Rotational Spectroscopy Probes Lone Pair···π-Hole Interactions in Hexafluorobenzene-Tertiary Alkylamines Complexes.

We employed microwave spectroscopy to investigate the 1:1 complexes of hexafluorobenzene with trimethylamine and quinuclidine, respectively. These complexes exhibit a symmetry and are stabilized by nitrogen lone pair···π-hole interactions along the axes. The N···π-center distances were determined to be 3.

Evolution of Solute-Water Interactions in the Benzaldehyde-(HO) Clusters by Rotational Spectroscopy.

The investigation on the preferred arrangement and intermolecular interactions of gas phase solute-water clusters gives insights into the intermolecular potentials that govern the structure and dynamics of the aqueous solutions. Here, we report the investigation of hydrated coordination networks of benzaldehyde-(water) ( = 1-6) clusters in a pulsed supersonic expansion using broadband rotational spectroscopy. Benzaldehyde (PhCHO) is the simplest aromatic aldehyde that involves both hydrophilic (CHO) and hydrophobic (phenyl ring) functional groups, which can mimic molecules of biological significance.

Characterizing the Interactions of Dimethyl Sulfoxide with Water: A Rotational Spectroscopy Study.

The interaction of dimethyl sulfoxide with water has been investigated by Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy of the 1:1 complex and its isotopologues, complemented with quantum chemical calculations. The rotational spectra of S and C isotopologues in natural abundance and the HO and deuterated water enriched isotopologues have been measured, allowing a partial structure determination and establishing the position of water in the complex. In the most stable conformation water was found to be the donor of a primary OH···OS bond to the oxygen atom of dimethyl sulfoxide and acceptor of two weak CH···OH bonds with the methyl hydrogen atoms of dimethyl sulfoxide.

Activation of MYO1G by lncRNA MNX1-AS1 Drives the Progression in Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer represents the most prevalent cancer worldwide and causes the death of many patients. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of cancer cells, have the capacities of self-renewal, unlimited proliferation, and multiple differentiation potential. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MNX1-AS1 on maintaining the stemness of CSC in lung cancer.

σ-Hole activation and structural changes upon perfluorination of aryl halides: direct evidence from gas phase rotational spectroscopy.

Enhancement of the σ-hole on the halogen atom of aryl halides due to perfluorination of the ring is demonstrated by use of the Extended Townes-Dailey (ETD) model coupled to a Natural Atomic Orbital Bond analysis on two perfluorinated aryl halides (CFCl and CFBr) and their hydrogenated counterparts. The ETD analysis, which quantifies the halogen p-orbitals populations, relies on the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants which in this work are accurately determined experimentally from the rotational spectra. The rotational spectra investigated by Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy performed in supersonic expansion are reported for the parent species of CFCl and CFBr and their C, Cl or Br substituted isotopologues observed in natural abundance.

Inhibitory effects of Bombyx mori antimicrobial peptide cecropins on esophageal cancer cells.

Bombyx mori antimicrobial peptides (BmAMPs) are important effectors in silkworm immune system. They can inhibit and kill a variety of bacteria and fungi. Recent studies have shown that some kinds of BmAMPs exert strong inhibitory effects on a variety of tumor cells.

Expressional analysis of the silkworm storage protein 1 and identification of its interacting proteins.

Storage proteins are haemolymph-specific proteins in insects, mainly synthesized in the fat body, released into the haemolymph, and then selectively reabsorbed by the fat body before pupation. These storage proteins play an important role in insect metamorphosis and egg development. Some of these storage proteins are responsive to pathogen infection and can even suppress pathogen multiplication.

Silkworm storage protein Bm30K-19G1 has a certain antifungal effects on Beauveria bassiana.

Storage proteins in the 30 K family are ubiquitous in the hemolymph of insects and play important roles in adult metamorphosis, development, egg formation, carrier transport and even host immunity. Some studies have shown that the 30 K proteins can inhibit apoptosis and have certain antifungal effects. The silkworm protein Bm30K-19G1 is a low molecular weight apolipoprotein that is abundant in hemolymph of fifth instar larvae.

JAK/STAT signaling pathway-mediated immune response in silkworm (Bombyx mori) challenged by Beauveria bassiana.

Innate immunity was critical in insects defensive system and able to be induced by Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription cascade transduction (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. Currently, it had been identified many JAK/STAT signaling pathway-related genes in silkworm, but little function was known on insect innate immunity. To explore the roles of JAK/STAT pathway in antifungal immune response in silkworm (Bombyx mori) against Beauveria bassiana infection, the expression patterns of B.