Electrosynthesis of Atomically Precise Au Nanoclusters.

Innovation in synthesis methodologies is crucial for advancing the discovery of new materials. This work reports the electrosynthesis of a [Au(4-BuPhC≡C)(Dppe)]Cl nanocluster (Au NC) protected by alkynyl and phosphine ligands. From simple precursor, HAuCl and ligands, the whole synthesis is driven by a constant potential in single electrolytic cell.

Hand X-rays findings and a disease screening for Turner syndrome through deep learning model.

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is one of the important causes of short stature in girls, but there are cases of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in clinical practice. Our aim is to analyze the hand skeletal characteristics of TS patients and establish a disease screening model using deep learning.

Methods: A total of 101 pediatric patients with TS were included in this retrospective case-control study.

Machine Learning Relationships Between Nanoporous Structures and Electrochemical Performance in MOF Supercapacitors.

The development of supercapacitors is impeded by the unclear relationships between nanoporous electrode structures and electrochemical performance, primarily due to challenges in decoupling the complex interdependencies of various structural descriptors. While machine learning (ML) techniques offer a promising solution, their application is hindered by the lack of large, unified databases. Herein, constant-potential molecular simulation is used to construct a unified supercapacitor database with hundreds of metal-organic framework (MOF) electrodes.

Respiratory Metabolism and Metabolomics of Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii Under Low Temperature Stress.

In the integrated rice-crayfish aquaculture systems, crayfish Procambarus clarkii need to spend a long winter in the ring ditch, which is vulnerable to low temperature stress, especially in the northern part of China, where cold waves and other low-temperature climates are frequent. To study the metabolic response of P. clarkii to low temperature stress experimentally, the temperature was lowered from the control (23°C) to the low temperature group (9°C, 5°C, and 1°C) by slow and uniform cooling, and molecular and physiological samples were collected for measurement.

Brain plasticity associated with prolonged shooting training: a multimodal neuroimaging investigation from a cross-sectional study.

Background: Although training has been recognized as a potential contributor to neuroplasticity in athletes, the impact of prolonged shooting training on human brain plasticity remains unclear in the existing literature.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used a multimodal neuroimaging analysis, including the analysis of functional blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, structural T1-weighted MRI images, and diffusion MRI images, to systematically identify differences between elite shooters and normal controls.

Results: The results showed that compared to male normal controls, male elite shooters had higher regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, precuneus, thalamus, and cingulate gyrus, as well as higher functional connectivity between the medial frontal cortex (MedFC) and temporooccipital middle temporal gyrus (toMTG).

Effects of arsenic and trace metals on bacterial denitrification process from estuarine sediments and associated nitrous oxide emission.

Coastal ecosystems currently face significant challenges due to nutrient enrichment and trace metal contamination. However, the effects of arsenic (As) and other trace metals (copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, mercury) on denitrification processes and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions in estuarine sediments remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the influence of As and other trace metals on denitrification and NO emissions in a single denitrifying strain, Marinobacter sp.

A novel endoscopic posterior cervical decompression and interbody fusion technique: Feasibility and biomechanical analysis.

Background And Objective: Cervical decompression and fusion, the primary surgical techniques for treating degenerative cervical myelopathy, is traditionally performed using interbody fusion through an anterior approach. There are no reported cases of cage placement performed via a posterior cervical approach under endoscopy. This study investigates a novel posterior interbody fusion technique using a newly designed split cage and validates its feasibility through computer simulations.

Comparative efficacy of different antihypertensive drug classes for stroke prevention: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various antihypertensive drugs in preventing strokes in hypertensive patients.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs in stroke prevention from inception until April 2023.

High-throughput, rapid, and non-destructive detection of common foodborne pathogens via hyperspectral imaging coupled with deep neural networks and support vector machines.

Foodborne pathogens such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli are major causes of gastrointestinal diseases worldwide and frequently contaminate dairy products. Compared to nucleic acid detection and MALDI-TOF MS, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) offering advantages such as multiple bands, rapid, minimal damage, non-contact, and non-destructive detection. However, current HSI methods require agar plate cultures, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Breast cancer: pathogenesis and treatments.

Breast cancer, characterized by unique epidemiological patterns and significant heterogeneity, remains one of the leading causes of malignancy-related deaths in women. The increasingly nuanced molecular subtypes of breast cancer have enhanced the comprehension and precision treatment of this disease. The mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer have been central to scientific research, with investigations spanning various perspectives such as tumor stemness, intra-tumoral microbiota, and circadian rhythms.

Assessment of genetic diversity in Korean field mouse (Apodemus peninsulae): A study based on microsatellite molecular markers.

Background: Understanding the genetic background of Korean field mouse(Apodemus peninsulae Thomas, 1906) is important for employing the animal as an experimental model in research. However, limited genetic information is available about A. peninsulae.

RNA chaperone Hfq promotes the growth of Yersinia enterocolitica in refrigerated foods.

Yersinia enterocolitica is a major foodborne pathogen causing yersiniosis, a significant zoonotic infection. Its unique cold tolerance makes it a potential threat to the safety of cold chain food. The RNA-binding protein Hfq is known to be involved in bacterial stress regulation, but its role in the cold tolerance of Y.

Advances in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression: a comprehensive review.

Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder, and a significant number of patients exhibit poor response to conventional antidepressant treatments, known as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the definition of TRD globally remains unclear, impeding clinical research, treatment development, outcome implementation, and policy-making. A wealth of research confirms that rTMS demonstrates promising efficacy in TRD.

Nano Copper-chelate Triggers Cuproptosis-like Death in Fungi and Synergizes with Microneedles for Enhanced Biofilm Removal.

Fungal infections pose a significant global public health threat, particularly candidemia and biofilm formation. Current antifungal drugs have limitations due to their toxicity and drug resistance. Ion interference therapy, particularly cuproptosis, shows significant potential for disease treatment.

Corrigendum to 'Enhanced sclerotherapy for vascular malformations: A dual-mechanism approach using in-situ forming PATDs gel' [Mater. Today Bio 29 (2024) 101376].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.

An attenuated live strain of HY9901 mutant Δgr provides protection against Vibrio alginolyticus in pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu).

Vibrio alginolyticus is a serious aquaculture bacterial pathogen, which is widely distributed in the ocean and rivers, and cause vibriosis in aquaculture. Therefore, it is imperative to develop effective vaccine to prevent vibriosis. In this study, the efficacy of gr deletion strain (Δgr) of V.

Antitumor Research Based on Drug Delivery Carriers: Reversing the Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages.

The development of malignant tumors is a complex process that involves the tumor microenvironment (TME). An immunosuppressive TME presents significant challenges to current cancer therapies, serving as a key mechanism through which tumor cells evade immune detection and play a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis. This impedes the optimal effectiveness of immunotherapeutic approaches, including cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and cancer vaccines.

The Association Between the CALLY Index and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with COPD: Results from the Cohort Study of NHANES 2007-2010.

Purpose: The C-reactive protein (CRP)-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a newly developed biomarker that combines measurements of CRP, serum albumin, and lymphocyte count. This index provides a thorough assessment of a patient's inflammation level, nutritional condition, and immunological function. The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between the CALLY index and all-cause mortality in COPD patients.

Association of different insulin resistance surrogates with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among the population with cardiometabolic multimorbidity.

Background: The coexistence of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), defined as cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), has been shown to significantly elevate mortality risk. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the main contributing factors to the pathogenesis of CMM. Although several surrogates for IR are employed in clinical evaluations, their relationship with mortality in individuals with CMM remains unclear.

A novel method of species-specific molecular target mining and accurate discrimination of Bacillus cereus sensu lato.

Bacillus cereus, a member of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato (B. cereus s.l.

Pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in high-risk, early-stage, ER/HER2 breast cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab improved outcomes in patients with high-risk, early-stage, triple-negative breast cancer. However, whether the addition of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab to chemotherapy would improve outcomes in high-risk, early-stage, estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER/HER2) breast cancer remains unclear. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (KEYNOTE-756) in which patients with previously untreated ER/HER2 grade 3 high-risk invasive breast cancer (T1c-2 (≥2 cm), cN1-2 or T3-4, cN0-2) were randomly assigned (1:1) to neoadjuvant pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo Q3W given with paclitaxel QW for 12 weeks, followed by four cycles of doxorubicin or epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide Q2W or Q3W.

Impact of age of onset on the course of chronic schizophrenia: factors associated with first hospitalization in a large-scale cross-sectional study.

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the age of first hospitalization in patients with chronic schizophrenia, focusing on clinical features and blood parameters. A total of 1271 patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia were recruited from 17 psychiatric hospitals across China. Demographic and clinical data, including age of first hospitalization, were collected.

circ_0075829 regulates ferroptosis and immune escape in colon cancer cells through the miR-330-5p/TCF4 axis.

Many lines of evidence suggest that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with the occurrence and progression of colon cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects and mechanisms of circ_0075829 on ferroptosis and immune escape in colon cancer. We utilized colon cancer cell lines and a xenograft mouse model to analyze the function of circ_0075829 in vitro and in vivo.