Advancements in Betulinic Acid-Loaded Nanoformulations for Enhanced Anti-Tumor Therapy.

Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural compound obtained from plant extracts and is known for its diverse pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Its potential in anti-tumor therapy has garnered considerable attention, particularly for the treatment of breast, lung, and liver cancers. However, the clinical utility of BA is greatly hindered by its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and off-target toxicity.

Protein Coronation-Induced Cancer Staging-Dependent Multilevel Cytotoxicity: An All-Humanized Study in Blood Vessel Organoids.

The protein corona effect refers to the phenomenon wherein nanomaterials in the bloodstream are coated by serum proteins, yet how protein coronated nanomaterials interact with blood vessels and its toxicity implications remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated protein corona-related vessel toxicity by using an all-humanized assay integrating blood vessel organoids and patient-derived serum. Initially, we screened various nanomaterials to discern how parameters including size, morphology, hydrophobicity, surface charge, and chirality-dependent protein corona difference influence their uptake by vessel organoids.

Metal-Ligand Spin-Lock Strategy for Inhibiting Anion Dimerization in Li-Rich Cathode Materials.

Anion dimerization poses a significant challenge for the application of Li-rich cathode materials (LCMs) in high-energy-density Li-ion batteries because of its deleterious effects, including rapid capacity and voltage decay, sluggish reaction kinetics, and large voltage hysteresis. Herein, we propose a metal-ligand spin-lock strategy to inhibit anion dimerization, which involves introducing an Fe-Ni couple having antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction into the LCM to lock the spin orientations of the unpaired electrons in the anions in the same direction. As proof of concept, we applied this strategy to intralayer disordered LiTiS (ID-LTS) to inhibit S-S dimerization.

Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of berberine-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles for synergistic chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.

The development of innovative therapeutic strategies that combine multiple treatment modalities is essential for effective cancer therapy. In this study, we engineered berberine (BER)-loaded mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) nanoparticles (BER-MPDA) to enhance anti-tumor efficacy through synergistic chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT). The mesoporous structure of MPDA allowed for a high loading capacity of BER, a natural isoquinoline alkaloid with known anticancer properties.

The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in ankle disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Ankle osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition that significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Platelet-rich plasma has emerged as a novel cellular therapy in clinical practice. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) after intervention in ankle disorders, so as to provide strong evidence in support of clinical treatment.

Total syntheses of the parvistemoline alkaloids enabled by stereocontrolled Ir/Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation.

The functionalized polycycle with densely contiguous tertiary stereocenters is a formidable challenge in synthesizing the parvistemoline family of Stemona alkaloids. We herein report their catalytic, asymmetric total syntheses in 13-14 steps from commercially available 2-(methoxycarbonyl)-pyrrole, featuring the development and deployment of an Ir/Pd-synergistically-catalyzed allylation of α-non-substituted keto esters with secondary aryl-substituted alcohols, stereodivergently accessible to four stereoisomers. Using chiral Pd-enolate and Ir π-allyl complex under neutral conditions, no epimerization occurs.

A study on the detection of conductor quantity in cable cores based on YOLO-cable.

The quantity of cable conductors is a crucial parameter in cable manufacturing, and accurately detecting the number of conductors can effectively promote the digital transformation of the cable manufacturing industry. Challenges such as high density, adhesion, and knife mark interference in cable conductor images make intelligent detection of conductor quantity particularly difficult. To address these challenges, this study proposes the YOLO-cable model, which is an improvement made upon the YOLOv10 model.

A framework for hardware trojan detection based on contrastive learning.

With the rapid development of the semiconductor industry, Hardware Trojans (HT) as a kind of malicious function that can be implanted at will in all processes of integrated circuit design, manufacturing, and deployment have become a great threat in the field of hardware security. Side-channel analysis is widely used in the detection of HT due to its high efficiency, non-contact nature, and accuracy. In this paper, we propose a framework for HT detection based on contrastive learning using power consumption information in unsupervised or weakly supervised scenarios.

Modulation of β secretase and neuroinflammation by biomimetic nanodelivery system for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The vicious circle between amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) overgeneration and microglial dysfunction is an important pathological event that promotes AD progression. However, therapeutic strategies toward only Aβ or microglial modulation still have many problems.

[Analysis of Groundwater Hydrochemical Variation and Its Source During the Low Water Level Period in the Southern Oasis Area of Gaochang District, Turpan City].

To explore the changes in groundwater hydrochemistry and its source influence in the low water level period of the southern oasis area of Gaochang District, Turpan City before and after the management of groundwater overexploitation, based on 12 groups of water samples in 2016 （three groups of unconfined water, nine groups of confined water） and 18 groups of water samples in 2023 （five groups of unconfined water, thirteen groups of confined water）, mathematical statistics, hydrochemical diagraph, hydrogen and oxygen isotope means, and an absolute principle component-multiple linear regression （APCS-MLR） model were used to analyze the changes and sources of groundwater hydrochemistry. The results showed that due to the dynamic conditions of groundwater, the dominant cation changed from Na to Ca, and the anion changed from HCO to SO. The dominant cation of confined water changed from Ca to Na, and the dominant anion remained unchanged as SO.

Mindfulness and Voice Behaviour: A Diary Study of Ego Depletion and Work-Related Self-Efficacy Among Nurses.

Aim: This study examined how mindfulness affects voice behaviour by altering nurses' daily resource levels.

Background: Mindfulness is an essential personal resource; it can enhance the accumulation of resources and empower individuals to engage in adaptive resource regulation. This study suggests that on days when nurses' mindfulness is higher than average, they may accumulate more resources that facilitate their voice behaviour.

[The effect of exposure to prenatal life events and social support levels on low birth weight in offspring: a prospective cohort study].

To analyze the effects of exposure to life events and social support levels during different stages of pregnancy on low birth weight in offspring. From 2021 to 2023, pregnant women in early pregnancy who were registered with health cards in Linping District, Hangzhou City, were recruited and followed up. The Life Events Scale for Pregnant Women (LESPW) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to evaluate the exposure to life events and social support levels of pregnant women in early, middle and late pregnancy, respectively.

Molecular imaging-guided diagnosis and treatment integration for brain diseases.

In practical clinical scenarios, improved diagnostic methods have been developed for the precise visualization of molecular targets using molecular imaging in brain diseases. Recently, the introduction of innovative molecular imaging modalities across both macroscopic and mesoscopic dimensions, with remarkable specificity and spatial resolution, has expanded the scope of applications beyond diagnostic testing, with the potential to guide therapeutic interventions, offering real-time feedback in the context of brain therapy. The molecular imaging-guided integration of diagnosis and treatment holds the potential to revolutionize disease management by enabling the real-time monitoring of treatment responses and therapy adjustments.

Hendersines J-M: Isoquinoline alkaloids from Corydalis hendersonii Hemsl. with cardiomyocyte protective and NO production inhibitory effects.

Six isoquinoline alkaloids were identified from the alkaloid-rich fraction of Corydalis hendersonii Hemsl, including five previously undescribed isoquinoline alkaloids hendersines J-M (1a, 1b, and 2-4) and isobicuculline (5), a compound reported for the first time from a natural source. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, X-ray diffraction, and ECD. Compounds 1a and 1b represent a pair of rare three-nitrogen isoquinoline alkaloid enantiomers, while 2 and 3 are isoquinoline alkaloids featuring a benzo-fused N-heterocycle.

A multi-omics database of buffaloes from Yangtze valley reveals diversity of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is the fundamental livestock resource for local rural populations and holds a promising prospect of their milk and meat. Xuyi mountain (XYM) and Haizi (HZ) buffaloes from Yangtze valley comprises of species diversity of Asian water buffaloes. Current multi-omics enables identification of causal genes and elucidation of genetic regulatory mechanisms underlying complex traits in buffaloes.

Phototheranostics: An advanced approach for precise diagnosis and treatment of gynecological inflammation and tumors.

Gynecological inflammations have a significant impact on the daily lives of women. Meanwhile, cancers such as ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers pose severe threats to their physical and mental well-being. While current options such as conventional pharmacotherapy, surgical interventions, and recent advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapy provide viable solutions, they possess limitations in effectively addressing the intricacies associated with gynecological diseases.

Correlation between thrombocytopenia and adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Thrombocytopenia is often associated with adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the impact of thrombocytopenia on ischemic stroke/systemic embolism, major bleeding and all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: Two electronic databases, PubMed and Web of Science, were systematically searched from their inception to December 1, 2023, including the studies on the correlation between atrial fibrillation patients with thrombocytopenia and adverse outcomes.

Unraveling the Metabolic Enigma: A High-Resolution LC-MS Approach to Decipher Two Triazine Herbicides Tolerance in Radish and Rice.

Our study investigated the effects of terbuthylazine (TBA) and metribuzin (MT) on rice and radish at field application concentrations. Both herbicides induced oxidative stress and severely inhibited growth in the two crops. However, the radish cultivar T-33 exhibited significantly lower stress levels compared to the sensitive cultivar S-24, suggesting its higher tolerance to TBA and MT.

BcWRKY53 promotes chlorophyll biosynthesis and cold tolerance of non-heading Chinese cabbage under cold stress.

WRKY transcription factors are widely involved in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, including cold stress. However, they have not been well studied in the regulation of chlorophyll synthesis and cold tolerance. So it is meaningful to analyze the mechanism under cold stress in non-heading Chinese cabbage.

Identification and characterization of ATP-binding cassette transporters involved in chlorantraniliprole tolerance of model insect Drosophila melanogaster and agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family is one of the largest transporter families, which plays an important role in insecticide tolerance. In this study, we found that the ABC transporter inhibitor verapamil could significantly enhance the toxicity of chlorantraniliprole (CHL) to the model insect Drosophila melanogaster. Forty-six ABC transporter genes of D.

Effects of cellulose nanofibrils on the mechanical and thermal properties of phase change foams based on polyethylene glycol/cellulose nanofibrils/waterborne polyurethane.

Incorporating phase change materials (PCM) into three-dimensional porous network structures could effectively address the leakage problem. In this study, by investigating the effects of different cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) contents on the mechanical and thermal properties of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/CNF/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) phase change foams, a series of leak-proof, lightweight, and stable PEG/CNF/WPU phase change foams were synthesized. Utilizing CNFs as porous support materials could effectively mitigate the leakage of PCMs.

Improved Catalytic Performance of Lipase Within Hydrogel Microspheres Incorporating L/D-CoO Nanoparticles.

Lipases have drawn significant attention due to their crucial roles across various industries, including oil processing, food, medicine, and daily chemicals. Nevertheless, their catalytic efficiency is susceptible to fluctuations in external environmental conditions, which remains a major barrier to their broader application. In this research, chiral hydrogel microspheres (HMSs) are developed by incorporating L/D-CoO nanoparticles (NPs) into the synthetic process of HMSs, which are discovered to enhance the catalytic performance of lipases.

Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of singleton pregnancy from donated frozen versus fresh oocytes.

To evaluate whether oocyte cryopreservation affects obstetric and perinatal outcomes, 350 donor oocyte recipients with live-born singletons were divided into three groups: frozen embryo transfer (FET) with fresh oocytes (n = 101), fresh embryo transfer (ET) with frozen oocytes (n = 190), FET with frozen oocytes (n = 59). Gestational age differed significantly (P = 0.025), with the FET with frozen oocytes group showing longer gestational age than FET with fresh oocytes group (276 days vs.

Contradictory Role of Gadd45β in Liver Diseases.

There are three homologous proteins (α, β and γ) in the growth arrest and DNA damage 45 (Gadd45) family. These proteins act as cellular responders to physiological and environmental stimuli. Gadd45β plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases.

TIM proteins and microRNAs: distinct impact and promising interactions on transplantation immunity.

Achieving sustained activity and tolerance in of allogeneic grafts after post-transplantation remains a substantial challenge. The response of the immune system to "non-self" MHC-antigenic peptides initiates a crucial phase, wherein blocking positive co-stimulatory signals becomes imperative to ensure graft survival and tolerance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) inhibit mRNA translation or promote mRNA degradation by complementary binding of mRNA seed sequences, which ultimately affects protein synthesis.