Improving robustness by action correction via multi-step maximum risk estimation.

Certifying robustness against external uncertainties throughout the control process to reduce the risk of instability is very important. Most existing approaches based on adversarial learning use a fixed parameter to adjust the intensity of adversarial perturbations and design these perturbations in a greedy manner without considering future implications. However, they often lead to severe vulnerabilities when attack budgets vary dynamically or under foresighted attacks.

Application of electrochemical deposition of CeO₂ nanoparticles modified 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffold in bone defect repair.

Due to the limited self-regeneration capacity of bone, medical interventions is often required for large segmental bone defects. In this study, the application of porous titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) scaffold in bone defect repair was investigated. Owing to its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, Ti6Al4V is a preferred choice for orthopedic implants.

CoSD: Balancing behavioral consistency and diversity in unsupervised skill discovery.

In hierarchical reinforcement learning, unsupervised skill discovery holds promise for overcoming the challenge of sparse rewards commonly encountered in traditional reinforcement learning. Although previous unsupervised skill discovery methods excelled at maximizing intrinsic rewards, they often overly prioritized skill diversity. Unrestrained pursuit of diversity leads skills to concentrate attention on unexplored domains, overlooking the internal consistency of skills themselves, resulting in the state visit distribution of individual skills lacking concentration.

Transformer based 3D tooth segmentation via point cloud region partition.

Automatic and accurate tooth segmentation on 3D dental point clouds plays a pivotal role in computer-aided dentistry. Existing Transformer-based methods focus on aggregating local features, but fail to directly model global contexts due to memory limitations and high computational cost. In this paper, we propose a novel Transformer-based 3D tooth segmentation network, called PointRegion, which can process the entire point cloud at a low cost.

Few-Shot Image Classification of Crop Diseases Based on Vision-Language Models.

Accurate crop disease classification is crucial for ensuring food security and enhancing agricultural productivity. However, the existing crop disease classification algorithms primarily focus on a single image modality and typically require a large number of samples. Our research counters these issues by using pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), which enhance the multimodal synergy for better crop disease classification than the traditional unimodal approaches.

The H/F substitution strategy can achieve large spontaneous polarization in 1D hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics.

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) ferroelectrics exhibit polarization reversibility and have a wide range of applications in the fields of smart switches, memorizers, sensors, However, the inherent limitations of small spontaneous polarization ( ) and large coercive field ( ) in ferroelectrics have impeded their broader utilization in electronics and data storage. Molecular ferroelectrics, as a powerful supplement to inorganic ferroelectrics, have shown great potential in the new generation of flexible wearable electronic devices. The important research responsibility is to greatly improve progressiveness and overcome the above limitations.

A High Capacity p-Type Organic Cathode Material for Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

P-type organic cathode materials typically exhibit high redox potentials and fast redox kinetics, presenting broad application prospects in aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs). However, most of the reported p-type organic cathode materials exhibit limited capacity (<100 mAh g), which is attributable to the low mass content ratio of oxidation-reduction active functional groups in these materials. Herein, we report a high-capacity p-type organic material, 5,12-dihydro-5,6,11,12-tetraazatetracene (DHTAT), for aqueous zinc batteries.

Synergistic Ag/g-CN HO System for Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), known for being nontoxic, highly stable, and environmentally friendly, is extensively used in photocatalytic degradation technologies. Silver nanoparticles effectively capture the photogenerated electrons in g-CN, enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency. This study primarily focused on synthesizing graphitic carbon nitride via thermal polymerization and depositing noble metal silver onto g-CN through photoreduction.

The phase behavior of CO injection in shale reservoirs with nano-pores.

The main purpose of this paper is to study the solubility of CO in oil and water phase under high temperature and pressure. Firstly, CO-crude oil PVT experiments were carried out to determine the physical parameters of the reservoir fluid in the study field in order to clarify the interaction mechanism of CO with the crude oil. Secondly, the solubility of CO in the reservoir fluid under different pores and the minimum mixed-phase pressure of the CO-crude oil system were calculated by the improved Peng-Robinson equation of state.

The Effect of Technology-Based Home Cardiac Rehabilitation on Risk Factor Modifications in Coronary Heart Disease Patients. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The delivery channels and approaches related to cardiac rehabilitation (CR), such as eHealth, mHealth, and telehealth, are evolving. Several studies have identified their effects on patients with coronary heart disease, although no studies have focused on all the approaches collectively.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials have investigated lipid profiles, through systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and body mass index (BMI).

Clinical Effect of Combined Fascia Sheath Suspension With Shortening Levator Muscle on Severe Blepharoptosis.

Objective: To study the clinical effect of conjoint fascial sheath (CFS) suspension and levator palpebrae superioris muscle shortening in the treatment of severe blepharoptosis.

Methods: Forty-five patients with severe blepharoptosis (75 eyes) from May 2020 to February 2022 in the authors' hospital were divided into 2 groups: group A (n = 33, 43 eyes) and group B (n = 24, 32 eyes). Group A was operated on by CFS + levator muscle shortening, and group B was operated on by frontal muscle flap suspension + levator muscle shortening.

Biological culture module for plant research from seed-to-seed on the Chinese Space Station.

The long-term cultivation of higher plants in space plays a substantial role in investigating the effects of microgravity on plant growth and development, acquiring valuable insights for developing a self-sustaining space life supporting system. The completion of the Chinese Space Station (CSS) provides us with a new permanent space experimental platform for long-term plant research in space. Biological Culture Module (GBCM), which was installed in the Wentian experimental Module of the CSS, was constructed with the objective of growing Arabidopsis thaliana and rice plants a full life cycle in space.

Stereo-Active Lone Pairs Induced Second Harmonic Generation Responses and Electrocatalytic Activity in Hybrid Material.

The lone pair electrons in the electronic structure of molecules have been a prominent research focus in chemistry for more than a century. Stable s lone pair electrons significantly influence material properties, including thermoelectric properties, nonlinear optical properties, ferroelectricity, and electro(photo)catalysis. While major advances have been achieved in understanding the influence of lone pair electrons on material characteristics, research on this effect in organic-inorganic hybrid materials is in its initial stage.

Prediction of proliferative diabetic retinopathy using machine learning in Latino and non-Hispanic black cohorts with routine blood and urine testing.

Purpose: The objective was to predict proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Latino (LA) patients by applying machine learning algorithms to routinely collected blood and urine laboratory results.

Methods: Electronic medical records of 1124 type 2 diabetes patients treated at the Bronxcare Hospital eye clinic between January and December 2019 were analysed. Data collected included demographic information (ethnicity, age and sex), blood (fasting glucose, haemoglobin A1C [HbA1c] high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) and urine (albumin-to-creatinine ratio [ACR]) test results and the outcome measure of retinopathy status.

Investigation on uniaxial compression and fracture damage mode of prefabricated parallel double-jointed red sandstone.

As a special type of joint fracture, the fracture evolution characteristics of parallel double joints have important engineering significance for the stability analysis of fractured rock mass. In this work, a new method for calculating stress intensity factor of parallel double-jointed fractures was importantly proposed. Physical uniaxial compression tests were carried out on parallel double jointed red sandstone filled with cement mortar under different geometric parameters, and the macroscopic mechanical properties and failure characteristics of red sandstone are deeply analyzed.

A decision tree-based study of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis-related groups.

Background: Globally, pulmonary tuberculosis is a significant public health and social problem.

Objective: We investigated the factors influencing the hospitalization cost of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and grouped cases based on a decision tree model to provide a reference for enhancing the management of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) of this disease.

Methods: The data on the first page of the medical records of patients with the primary diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis were extracted from the designated tuberculosis hospital.

[Retracted] Silencing of RTKN2 by siRNA suppresses proliferation, and induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that certain of the Transwell migration assay data shown in Fig. 4D on p. 4876 were strikingly similar to data that had already been published in different form in another article written by different authors at a different research institute.

The demethylase ALKBH5 mediates ZKSCAN3 expression through the mA modification to activate VEGFA transcription and thus participates in MNNG-induced gastric cancer progression.

N-Nitroso compounds (NOCs) are recognized as important factors that promote gastric cancer development, but the specific effects and potential mechanisms by which NOC exposure promotes gastric cancer are still poorly understood. In this study, we explored the effects and potential molecular mechanisms of NOCs on the promotion of gastric cancer using methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a classical direct carcinogen of NOC. The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that chronic and low-concentration MNNG exposure significantly promoted the malignant progression of tumors, including cell migration, cell invasion, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation, cell spheroid formation, stem cell-like marker expression, and gastric cancer growth and metastasis.

ZYNQ-Based Visible Light Defogging System Design Realization.

Under a foggy environment, the air contains a large number of suspended particles, which lead to the loss of image information and decline of contrast collected by the vision system. This makes subsequent processing and analysis difficult. At the same time, the current stage of the defogging system has problems such as high hardware cost and poor real-time processing.

Experimental Realization of Geometry-Dependent Skin Effect in a Reciprocal Two-Dimensional Lattice.

Recent studies of non-Hermitian periodic lattices unveiled the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), in which the bulk modes under the periodic boundary conditions (PBC) become skin modes under open boundary conditions. The NHSE is a topological effect owing to the nontrivial spectral winding, and such spectral behaviors appear naturally in nonreciprocal systems. Hence prevailing approaches rely on nonreciprocity to achieve the NHSE.

Realization and topological properties of third-order exceptional lines embedded in exceptional surfaces.

As the counterpart of Hermitian nodal structures, the geometry formed by exceptional points (EPs), such as exceptional lines (ELs), entails intriguing spectral topology. We report the experimental realization of order-3 exceptional lines (EL3) that are entirely embedded in order-2 exceptional surfaces (ES2) in a three-dimensional periodic synthetic momentum space. The EL3 and the concomitant ES2, together with the topology of the underlying space, prohibit the evaluation of their topology in the eigenvalue manifold by prevailing topological characterization methods.

Relationship between uric acid to albumin ratio and in-stent restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing drug-eluting stenting.

Background: In-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to treat coronary artery disease (CAD) is an urgent issue in clinical practice. Recent studies have highlighted uric acid-albumin ratio (UAR) as a new marker for evaluating inflammation and oxidative stress, capable of predicting cardiovascular ailments. We aimed to examine the correlation between UAR levels and ISR in patients who underwent drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.

Homochiral Chemistry Strategy to Trigger Second-Harmonic Generation and Dual Dielectric Switches.

Switchable materials have attracted enormous interest due to their promising applications in important fields such as sensing, electronic components, and information storage. Nevertheless, obtaining multifunctional switching materials is still a problem worth investigating. Herein, by incorporating (-, -, -2-amino-1-propanol) as the templating cation, we have obtained (-, -, -HTMPA)CdCl (HTMPA = 1-hydroxy-, , -trimethyl-2-propanaminium).

A miniaturized hydrogen flame ionization detector based on integrated nozzle assembly and embedded sealing structure.

A modified miniaturized hydrogen flame ionization detector (m-FID) was developed and evaluated. An integrated nozzle assembly was constructed to solve the gas leakage caused by adhesive crack during repeated high-low temperature processes or vibration. An embedded sealing structure was designed to realize the face sealing, thus improving the sealing stability and reliability of the m-FID.