Extraperitoneal colostomy after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection using a cannula for tunnel creation through a trocar port.

Background: Extraperitoneal colostomy (EPC) after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection (APR) remains a challenge for surgeons. This study aims to summarize our laparoscopic EPC method and assess its effects versus a transperitoneal colostomy (TPC) for patients with rectal tumors.

Methods: A total of 133 patients with rectal cancer treated with laparoscopic APR between May 2009 and May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

GZD824 overcomes FGFR1-V561F/M mutant resistance in vitro and in vivo.

Abnormallyactivated FGFR1 has been validated as a therapeutic target for differentcancers. Although a variety of FGFR inhibitors have shown benefit in manyclinical patients with FGFR1 aberration, FGFR1 mutant resistance such as V561Mmutation, has been reported. To date however, no FGFR inhibitors have beenapproved to treat patients with FGFR mutant resistance.

Characteristics of chest high resolution computed tomography images of COVID-19: A retrospective study of 46 patients.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of chest high resolution computed tomography (CT) images of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: This is a retrospective study analyzing the clinical records and chest high-resolution CT images of 46 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by nucleic acid tests and treated at our hospitals between January 2020 and February 2020.

Results: Abnormalities in the CT images were found in 44 patients (95.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Bcr-Abl PROTACs to overcome T315I mutation.

Bcr-Abl threonine 315 to isoleucine 315 (T315I) gatekeeper mutation induced drug resistance remains an unmet clinical challenge for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Chemical degradation of Bcr-Abl protein has become a potential strategy to overcome drug resistance. Herein, we first described the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new class of selective Bcr-Abl proteolysis-targeting chimeric (PROTAC) degraders based on GZD824 (reported as Bcr-Abl inhibitor by our group).

Glucocappasalin Induces G2/M-Phase Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy Pathways by Targeting CDK1 and PLK1 in Cervical Carcinoma Cells.

Glucocappasalin (GCP), a natural product derived from the seeds of (L.) Webb. ex Prantl, exhibits potential antitumor activity in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells.

Development and application of novel electrophilic warheads in target identification and drug discovery.

Nucleophilic amino acids play important roles in maintenance of protein structure and function, covalent modification of such amino acid residues by therapeutic agents is an efficient way to treat human diseases. Most of current clinical drugs are structurally limited to α,β-unsaturated amide as an electrophilic warhead. To alleviate this issue, many novel electrophiles have been developed in recent years that can covalently bind to different amino acid residues and provides a unique way to interrogate proteins, including "undruggable" targets.

Ischemic Postconditioning-Mediated DJ-1 Activation Mitigate Intestinal Mucosa Injury Induced by Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats Through Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway.

Intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury often leads to adverse cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction. Early detection and prevention of remote intestinal injury following myocardial IR may help to estimate and improve prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study investigated the protective effect of myocardial ischemic postconditioning (IPo) on intestinal barrier injury induced by myocardial IR and the underlying cellular signaling mechanisms with a focus on the DJ-1.

Activation of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase DDR1-STAT3 cascade by extracellular matrix remodeling promotes liver metastatic colonization in uveal melanoma.

Colonization is believed a rate-limiting step of metastasis cascade. However, its underlying mechanism is not well understood. Uveal melanoma (UM), which is featured with single organ liver metastasis, may provide a simplified model for realizing the complicated colonization process.

A New Assessment of Bicycle Helmets: The Brain Injury Mitigation Effects of New Technologies in Oblique Impacts.

New helmet technologies have been developed to improve the mitigation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in bicycle accidents. However, their effectiveness under oblique impacts, which produce more strains in the brain in comparison with vertical impacts adopted by helmet standards, is still unclear. Here we used a new method to assess the brain injury prevention effects of 27 bicycle helmets in oblique impacts, including helmets fitted with a friction-reducing layer (MIPS), a shearing pad (SPIN), a wavy cellular liner (WaveCel), an airbag helmet (Hövding) and a number of conventional helmets.

Insight into ozone profile climatology over northeast China from aircraft measurement and numerical simulation.

Tropospheric ozone is a major pollutant that can harm human health, animals and plants. With a rapid development in Northeast China, ozone pollution has become an increasingly serious environmental challenge. To study the ozone distribution and the potential sources of ozone precursors in Northeast China, we analyzed vertical ozone profiles from the In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) in 2012-2014 and provided the climatological vertical structure of tropospheric ozone over Shenyang.

Construction of a long noncoding RNA-based competing endogenous RNA network and prognostic signatures of left- and right-side colon cancer.

Background: Cancers located on the right and left sides of the colon have distinct clinical and molecular characteristics. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of location-specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in colon cancer and identify potential prognostic biomarkers.

Method: Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), miRNAs (DEMs), and genes (DEGs) between right- and left-side colon cancers were identified by comparing RNA sequencing profiles.

Identification of 4 immune cells and a 5-lncRNA risk signature with prognosis for early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer and cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, increasing evidence indicated that there was a significant correlation between tumors and the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as well as tumor immune infiltration, but their role in early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still unclear.

Methods: Gene expression data and corresponding clinical data of early-stage LUAD patients were downloaded from GEO and TCGA databases. 24 kinds of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were analyzed by quantity analysis and univariate cox regression analysis, we divided patients into two subgroups using consensus clustering, recognized the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the subgroups, then, established lncRNA risk signature by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression.

Total versus near-total thyroidectomy in Graves' disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.

Background: Total thyroidectomy (TT), near-total thyroidectomy (NT), and subtotal thyroidectomy (ST) are three surgical procedures for Graves' disease (GD) patients, but most previous studies have only evaluated the complications of TT versus ST or TT/NT versus ST; there is not a meta-analysis of NT versus TT, so whether NT is superior to TT for GD patients still unclear.

Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, without restriction to region, publication type, or language, on 10 June, 2020. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of all included studies assessing the two surgical procedures.

The Relationship Between Executive Functioning, Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors, and Glycemic Control in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Purpose Of Review: Understanding barriers to self-management behaviors and glycemic stability may inform specific needs for behavior change in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The current review aims to systematically synthesize the literature on the relationships between executive functioning, self-management, and A1C in adolescents and young adults with T1D. Fifteen studies were retained in the current review.

Weakened Aerosol-PBL Interaction During COVID-19 Lockdown in Northern China.

Anthropogenic emissions were greatly constrained during COVID-19 lockdown in China. Nevertheless, observations still showed high loadings of fine particles (PM) over northern China with secondary aerosols increasing by 15 μg/m yet a ∼10% drop in light-absorbing black carbon (BC). Such a chemical transition in aerosol composition tended to make the atmosphere more scattering, indicated by satellite-retrieved aerosol absorption optical depth falling by 60%.

The synthesis and biological evaluation of sanguinarine derivatives as anti-non-small cell lung cancer agents.

A novel series of sanguinarine (SA) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) agents. The compounds inhibited A549 and H1975 NSCLC cells with IC values of 0.96 - >30 μM and 0.

Comparison of MR-PWI quantitative and semi-quantitative parameters for the evaluation of liver fibrosis.

Background: To evaluate different stages of liver fibrosis in cynomolgus monkeys by comparing magnetic resonance-perfusion weighted imaging (MR-PWI) quantitative and semi-quantitative parameters, and confirm the best detection indicators for diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

Methods: A liver fibrosis model of different stages (S0-S4) was established in cynomolgus monkeys. The changes in MR-PWI quantitative and semi-quantitative parameters with the progression of liver fibrosis were investigated.

Corrigendum: Mechanism and Management of Fentanyl-Induced Cough.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.

Mechanism and Management of Fentanyl-Induced Cough.

Fentanyl-induced cough (FIC) often occurs after intravenous bolus administration of fentanyl analogs during induction of general anesthesia and analgesia procedure. The cough is generally benign, but sometimes it causes undesirable side effects, including elevated intra-abdominal, intracranial or intraocular pressure. Therefore, understanding the related mechanisms and influencing factors are of great significance to prevent and treat the cough.

Pyrido[2, 3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones as new selective orally bioavailable Threonine Tyrosine Kinase (TTK) inhibitors.

A series of pyrido [2, 3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones were designed and synthesized as new selective orally bioavailable Threonine Tyrosine Kinase (TTK) inhibitors. One of the representative compounds, 5o, exhibited strong binding affinity with a K value of 0.15 nM, but was significantly less potent against a panel of 402 wild-type kinases at 100 nM.

Small-Molecule Inhibitors Directly Targeting KRAS as Anticancer Therapeutics.

KRAS, the most frequently mutated oncogene, plays a predominant role in driving initiation and progression of cancers. Decades of effort to target KRAS using small molecules has been unsuccessful, causing KRAS to be considered an "undruggable" cancer target. However, this view began to change recently, as drug discovery techniques have developed several KRAS G12C allosteric inhibitors that are currently being evaluated in clinical trials.

Latent Profiles of Health Behaviors in Rural Children with Overweight and Obesity.

Objective: The objectives were to identify profiles of school-age children with overweight and obesity (OW/OB) from rural counties based on patterns of diet, activity, and sleep, to examine demographic predictors, and to examine whether profiles were differentially associated with psychosocial functioning.

Methods: Participants included 163 children (Mage = 9.8) and parents.

Functions of dopamine in plants: a review.

Dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine or 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) has many functions in animals, but also shows several other functions in plants. Since the discovery of dopamine in plants in 1968, many studies have provided insight into physiological and biochemical functions, and stress responses of this molecule. In this review, we describe the biosynthesis of dopamine, as well as its role in plant growth and development.