Growth performance, meat quality and hematological parameters of broiler chickens fed safflower seed.

The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of safflower seed (SS) on the growth performance and hematological parameters of broiler birds along with the physicochemical, textural and sensory attributes of chicken meat. A total of 200 male chickens (7-days-old) were distributed into 5 groups (40 chickens in each) with 5 replicates of 8 chicks in a 42-day experiment. Each group was allocated to one of 5 dietary treatments, i.

Exploration of culturable bacterial associates of aphids and their interactions with entomopathogens.

Aphids shelter several bacteria that benefit them in various ways. The associates having an obligatory relationship are non-culturable, while a few of facultative associates are culturable in insect cell lines, axenic media or standard microbiology media. In the present investigation, isolation, and characterization of the culturable bacterial associates of various aphid species, viz.

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Metformin on Central Corneal Endothelial Cell Density in Eye Bank Eyes.

Purpose: To determine whether metformin use and diabetes mellitus (DM) affect central corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) by examining an eye bank corneal donor database.

Methods: The Lions Eye Institute corneal donor database, which consists of 38,318 corneal samples, was examined. Associations of ECD with metformin use and DM were tested by mixed effects linear models that account for correlations of outcomes between eyes within subjects adjusting for age, intraocular lens status, and glaucoma.

Inhibition of mycobacterial replication by pyrimidines possessing various C-5 functionalities and related 2'-deoxynucleoside analogues using in vitro and in vivo models.

Tuberculosis (TB) has become an increasing problem since the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus and increasing appearance of drug-resistant strains. There is an urgent need to advance our knowledge and discover a new class of agents that are distinct than current therapies. Antimycobacterial activities of several 5-alkyl, 5-alkynyl, furanopyrimidines and related 2'-deoxynucleosides were investigated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, and Mycobacterium avium by novel dideoxy nucleosides.

The prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and mutidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been increasing, leading to serious infections, high mortality, and a global health threat. Here, we report the identification of a novel class of dideoxy nucleosides as potent and selective inhibitors of Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A series of 5-acetylenic derivatives of 2',3'-dideoxyuridine (3-8) and 3'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyuridine (22-27) were synthesized and tested for their antimycobacterial activity against M.

Design and studies of novel 5-substituted alkynylpyrimidine nucleosides as potent inhibitors of mycobacteria.

We herein report a new category of 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides as potent inhibitors of mycobacteria. A series of 5-alkynyl derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine (1-8), 2'-deoxycytidine (9-14), uridine (15-17), and 2'-O-methyluridine (18, 19) were synthesized and evaluated for their antimycobacterial activity in vitro. 5-Decynyl, 5-dodecynyl, and 5-tetradecynyl derivatives showed the highest antimycobacterial potency against M.

Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of novel L-tryptophan-polyamide conjugates and L-tryptophan dimers linked with aliphatic chains and polyamides.

The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel L-tryptophan pyrrole, imidazole polyamide conjugates (16-21), L-tryptophan-glycosylated pyrrole polyamide conjugates (28-30), L-tryptophan dimers (37-42) with straight carbon links of varying length, and L-tryptophan dimers (68-73) linked with pyrrole and imidazole polyamide from both sides by a flexible methylene chain of variable length are described. The compounds were prepared with varying numbers of pyrrole- and/or imidazole-containing polyamides and glycosylated pyrrole polyamides to determine the structural requirements for optimal in vitro antitumor activity. The compounds listed in Table 1 have been evaluated in a three cell line, one dose primary anticancer assay.

Evaluation of 5-[1-(2-halo(or nitro)ethoxy-2-iodoethyl)]-2'-deoxyuridines as inhibitors of herpes simplex virus.

A series of 5-[1-(2-haloethyl(or nitro)ethoxy-2-iodoethyl)]-2'-deoxyuridines (3-7) and related uracil analogs (9-10) were prepared using 5-vinyl-2-deoxyuridine (2) and 5-vinyl uracil (8) as starting materials. The regiospecific reaction of 2 and 8 with iodine monochloride and an alcohol provided the target compounds 3-10. These analogs were evaluated in vitro for inhibitory activity against thymidine-kinase (TK) positive and negative strains of herpes simplex virus type-1.