Management of hand osteoarthritis: from an US evidence-based medicine guideline to a European patient-centric approach.

Hand osteoarthritis is the most common joint condition and is associated with significant morbidity. It is of paramount importance that patients are thoroughly assessed and examined when complaining of hand stiffness, pain, deformity or disability and that the patient's concerns and expectations are addressed by the healthcare professional. In 2019 the American College of Rheumatology and Arthritis Foundation (ACR/AF) produced guidelines which included recommendations for the treatment of hand osteoarthritis.

Assessment of HS and BTEX concentrations in ambient air using passive sampling method and the health risks.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may be a source of nuisance in neighbouring places due to hydrogen sulphide (HS) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) emissions. In this study, samples were collected from WWTP workplace ambient air and outdoor ambient air around one of the largest WWTPs in Istanbul with a capacity of 250,000 m/day to evaluate the effects of HS and BTEX emissions. Samples were collected in three seasons for 15-day durations: winter (November 2015), spring (May 2015), and summer (August 2016).

Evidence-based position paper on the professional practice of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine for persons with cerebral palsy. The European PRM position (UEMS PRM section).

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of the most common developmental disorders affecting movement and posture of the body, causing activity limitations and participation restrictions. The motor disorders of persons with CP are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, cognition, communication and perception. The symptoms of CP are very diverse and persons with CP are usually presented with a mixed type of symptoms.

The Turkish League Against Rheumatism Recommendations for the Management of Hand Osteoarthritis Under Guidance of the Current Literature and 2018 European League Against Rheumatism Recommendations.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the accordance to the 2018 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of hand osteoarthritis (OA) among the Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) expert panel and composition of TLAR recommendations for the management of hand OA under guidance of the current literature.

Materials And Methods: The TLAR convener designated an expert panel of 10 physicians experienced in hand OA for this process. The 2018 EULAR recommendations for the management of hand OA and the systematic review of the literature were sent to the expert panel via e-mails.

Hand strenght and dexterity in interphalangeal hand osteoarthritis and effects of osteophyte formations.

Background: Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) is a complex disorder with various subtypes characterized with predominance of different features. It is challenging to estimate the severity of hand disability in HOA, since contribution of different disease components to clinical burden is yet to be clarified. The aim of the study is to investigate hand functions in nonerosive interphalangeal hand osteoarthritis (HOA) without inflammatory features, and search for effects of osteophyte formations detected by radiography and ultrasound on functionality.

Comparison of outcomes of Burch colposuspension and transobturator tape and single incision needleless procedures (DynaMesh-SIS minor) for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence patients who underwent combined pelvic reconstructive surgery or hysterectomy.

Purpose: Women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) often require combined pelvic reconstructive surgeries because of shared risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacies of Burch colposuspension, transobturator tape (TOT), and single-incision needleless (DynaMesh-SIS minor) procedures in patients with SUI who also underwent combined pelvic reconstructive surgery or hysterectomy.

Methods: We performed this retrospective cohort study that comprising 122 patients who either underwent Burch colposuspension (n:43), TOT (n:40), or SIS (n:39) procedures along with pelvic reconstructive surgery or hysterectomy between January 2010 and July 2018.

The approach of physiatrists to low back pain across Europe.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the most common type of musculoskeletal pain, thus it is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. The physicians who are primarily responsible for the nonsurgical management of LBP are physiatrists.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the approaches of physiatrists to low back pain across Europe.

Irisin and leptin concentrations in relation to obesity, and developing type 2 diabetes: A cross sectional and a prospective case-control study nested in the Normative Aging Study.

Objective: To investigate the associations between irisin and leptin levels in obesity and insulin resistance in a cross sectional study. To assess the potential role of irisin and leptin as a predictive marker of T2DM using a nested case-control study.

Methods: Both studies were designed within the longitudinal VA NAS cohort.

Evidence based position paper on physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM) practice for people with spinal deformities during growth. The European PRM position (UEMS PRM Section).

Introduction: Scoliosis and other spinal deformities involve 3-4% of the population during growth. Their so-called conservative treatment is in the field of competence of physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM) physicians. This evidence based position paper represents the official position of the European Union through the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) - PRM Section.

EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.

Objective: The original European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for managing fibromyalgia assessed evidence up to 2005. The paucity of studies meant that most recommendations were 'expert opinion'.

Methods: A multidisciplinary group from 12 countries assessed evidence with a focus on systematic reviews and meta-analyses concerned with pharmacological/non-pharmacological management for fibromyalgia.

Short-term administration of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide decreases circulating leptin and increases GIP levels and these changes are associated with alterations in CNS responses to food cues: A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Background: GLP-1 agonists, including liraglutide, have emerged as effective therapies for type 2 diabetes (DM) and obesity. Here, we attempted to delineate how liraglutide, at doses approved for DM, may impact circulating hormones influencing energy homeostasis in diabetics.

Basic Procedures: Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the effects of liraglutide as compared to placebo on fasting levels of circulating hormones important to energy homeostasis, including leptin, ghrelin, PYY, and GIP.

Differential Effects of Oral and Intravenous Lipid Administration on Key Molecules Related to Energy Homeostasis.

Context: The spectrum of lipid-induced changes in the secretion of hormones important in energy homeostasis has not yet been fully elucidated.

Objective: To identify potential incretin-like effects in response to lipid administration, we examined the short-term effect of iv vs oral lipids on key molecules regulating energy homeostasis. Design, Intervention, and Participants: After a 10-hour overnight fast, 26 subjects were randomized to receive an oral lipid load, a 10% iv lipid emulsion, a 20% iv lipid emulsion, or an iv saline infusion.

GLP-1 receptors exist in the parietal cortex, hypothalamus and medulla of human brains and the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide alters brain activity related to highly desirable food cues in individuals with diabetes: a crossover, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Aims/hypothesis: Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue that has been demonstrated to successfully treat diabetes and promote weight loss. The mechanisms by which liraglutide confers weight loss remain to be fully clarified. Thus, we investigated whether GLP-1 receptors are expressed in human brains and whether liraglutide administration affects neural responses to food cues in diabetic individuals (primary outcome).

Cord blood irisin levels are positively correlated with birth weight in newborn infants.

Background: Irisin is a novel myokine, secreted from skeletal muscle after exercise. Irisin mediates exercise-related energy expenditure by turning white adipose tissue (WAT) into brown adipose tissue (BAT). Thus, irisin is considered as a potential biomarker for obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Intracellular leptin signaling following effective weight loss.

Aim: To investigate the effect of ex-vivo leptin treatment before and after weight loss on key-molecules of intracellular leptin signaling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of obese women.

Materials And Methods: Five healthy obese women underwent a 12-week medical nutrition treatment aiming at inducing 10% weight loss. Isolated PBMCs at baseline, and at weeks 8 and 12 were treated with increasing leptin doses (0, 25 and 75 ng/ml) for 30 min.

Dietary walnut suppression of colorectal cancer in mice: Mediation by miRNA patterns and fatty acid incorporation.

Colorectal cancer, unlike many other malignancies, may be preventable. Recent studies have demonstrated an inverse association between nut consumption and incidence of colon cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. An emerging concept suggests that microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may help explain the relationship between walnut consumption and decreased colorectal neoplasia risk.

The effect of isokinetic and aerobic exercises on serum interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, pain, and functional activity in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of isokinetic and aerobic exercise training programs on serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, pain, and functional activity in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Forty-two postmenopausal women and men with knee OA according to American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria were included. Patients were randomized into isokinetic and aerobic exercises and control groups.

Identification and saturable nature of signaling pathways induced by metreleptin in humans: comparative evaluation of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro administration.

Signaling pathways activated by leptin in metabolically important organs have largely been studied only in animal and/or cell culture studies. In this study, we examined whether leptin has similar effects in human peripheral tissues in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro and whether the response would be different in lean and obese humans. For in vivo leptin signaling, metreleptin was administered and muscle, adipose tissue, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were taken for analysis of signal activation.

Irisin stimulates muscle growth-related genes and regulates adipocyte differentiation and metabolism in humans.

Background: Irisin is a recently identified exercise-induced myokine suggested to induce browning of white adipocytes. Deficiency of myostatin, and thus stimulation of muscle growth, has also been reported to induce irisin and its precursor FNDC5 expression in muscle and drive the browning of white adipocytes in mice, implying that irisin may be related to muscle growth in addition to its beneficial effects in adipocytes. In humans, the effect of irisin in muscle hypertrophy as well as adipocyte metabolism has not been fully investigated.

Circulating irisin in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome.

Context: Irisin, a recently identified hormone, has been proposed to regulate energy homeostasis and obesity in mice. Whether irisin levels are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiometabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in humans remains unknown.

Objective: Our objective was to assess the associations between baseline serum irisin levels and MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk.

Incidence, aetiology, and control of sternal surgical site infections.

Background: Since sternal surgical site infections (SSIs) can be life-threatening, every effort should be made to reduce their rate of occurrence.

Aim: To measure the rate of sternal SSIs after open heart surgery and to define the efficacy of infection control interventions in reducing this rate.

Methods: Surveillance of sternal SSIs was carried out prospectively for adult patients who underwent sternotomy between 2005 and 2012.