Host-microbiota interplay in arsenic metabolism: Implications on host glucose homeostasis.

Arsenic (As), a naturally occurring element with unique properties, has been recognized as the largest mass poisoning in the world by the World Health Organization (WHO). Approximately 200 million people worldwide are exposed to toxic levels of arsenic due to natural and anthropogenic activities. This widespread exposure necessitates a deeper understanding of microbe-arsenic interactions and their potential influence on host exposure and health risks.

Exploring the diversity of blood microbiome during liver diseases: Unveiling Novel diagnostic and therapeutic Avenues.

Liver diseases are a group of major metabolic and immune or inflammation related diseases caused due to various reasons including infection, abnormalities in immune system, genetic defects, and lifestyle habits. However, the cause-effect relationship is not completely understood in liver disease. The role of microbiome, particularly, the role of gut and oral microbiome in liver diseases has been extensively studied in recent years.

Prevalence of abnormal liver tests and liver fibrosis among rural adults in low and middle-income country: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Liver disease is the only major chronic disease and mortality is increasing. Earlier detection of liver fibrosis can reduce progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Many studies have reported an increased prevalence in liver fibrosis among adults in urban regions but there are few data in physically active rural populations without attributable metabolic risk factors.

Metagenomic analysis of RNA sequencing data reveals SARS-CoV-2-mediated progressive dysbiosis of upper respiratory tract microbiota.

COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as global pandemic. Here, we described the changes in microbiota of upper respiratory tract by analyzing the publically available RNA sequencing data of SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets. The bacterial dysbiosis due to SARS-CoV-2 was largely inversely proportional to the dysbiosis caused by influenza-A virus.

Blood Microbiota and Circulating Microbial Metabolites in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease.

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have evolved as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In addition to traditional risk factors, recent studies have established that the human microbiota, particularly gut bacteria, plays a role in the development of diabetes and CVD. Although the presence of microbes in blood has been known for centuries, mounting evidence in this metagenomic era provides new insights into the role of the blood microbiota in the pathogenesis of non-infectious diseases such as diabetes and CVD.

Identification of Specific Oral and Gut Pathogens in Full Thickness Colon of Colitis Patients: Implications for Colon Motility.

Impaired colon motility is one of the leading problems associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). An expanding body of evidence supports the role of microbiome in normal gut function and in progression of IBD. The objective of this work is to determine whether diseased full thickness colon specimens, including the neuromuscular region (critical for colon motility function), contain specific oral and gut pathogens.

Gut microbial degradation of organophosphate insecticides-induces glucose intolerance via gluconeogenesis.

Background: Organophosphates are the most frequently and largely applied insecticide in the world due to their biodegradable nature. Gut microbes were shown to degrade organophosphates and cause intestinal dysfunction. The diabetogenic nature of organophosphates was recently reported but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear.

Computational prediction of secretion systems and secretomes of Brucella: identification of novel type IV effectors and their interaction with the host.

Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens that cause brucellosis in various mammals including humans. Brucella survive inside the host cells by forming vacuoles and subverting host defence systems.

Elevated levels of circulating DNA in cardiovascular disease patients: metagenomic profiling of microbiome in the circulation.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. An expanding body of evidence supports the role of human microbiome in the establishment of CVDs and, this has gained much attention recently. This work was aimed to study the circulating human microbiome in CVD patients and healthy subjects.

Genome sequence of Staphylococcus arlettae strain CVD059, isolated from the blood of a cardiovascular disease patient.

We have isolated a Staphylococcus arlettae strain, strain CVD059, from the blood of a rheumatic mitral stenosis patient. Here, we report the genome sequence and potential virulence factors of this clinical isolate. The draft genome of S.

Prevalence of bacteria in the circulation of cardiovascular disease patients, Madurai, India.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a complex aetiology determined by risk factors, which include genetic and environmental factors. Chronic infection and inflammation is reported to be a pathogenic determinant for the development of CVDs. Here, we report the prevalence of bacterial pathogens in the circulation of CVD patients in Madurai, India.