Chemically induced bladder cancer--a sonographic and morphologic description.

Objectives: Carcinogen-induced bladder cancer in rodents is a key model for evaluation of novel therapies for bladder cancer because of its similarity to the clinical disease. The major drawback of the model is the difficulty in assessing tumor burden in living animals and at necropsy. The objective of this work was to present simple and accurate solutions for this problem.

Components of left ventricular dysfunction discriminated noninvasively beat by beat.

Disturbed left ventricular contractility and synchrony were studied noninvasively beat by beat with simultaneous systolic time intervals and acceleration ballistocardiograms during quiet respiration. Thirty-six measures per beat, reduced to 7 by appropriate statistical methods, produced a linear discriminant function, based on a split training sample of 15 normal men (258 beats) and 9 men (149 beats) with proved myocardial infarctions. Validation tests on an independent set classified 89% of the beats from 12 tested normal subjects as "normal" and 96% of the beats from 6 tested men who had had infarction as "coronary-like," a physiologic, not etiologic, classification.

Left ventricular dysfunction discriminated noninvasively beat by beat.

To discriminate left ventricular (LV) dysfunctional beats noninvasively, simultaneous systolic time intervals (STI), acceleration ballistocardiograms (BCG) and respiratory cycle were recorded in 102 men with no history of cardiac disease and in 20 men with proved myocardial infarction or systemic hypertension. Thirty-six measurements were made on each heartbeat on a maximum of 20 beats per patient. The ratio of preejection period to LV ejection time (ET) varied significantly with the respiratory cycle in normal men, but not in men with proved myocardial infarctions or systemic hypertension.

[Two symptoms of elective paresis of individual hand muscles].

The author describes 2 symptoms of elective lesions of the hand muscles: one of the central genesis, the other--peripheral, vegetative. The first symptom is characterized by a weakening of volar and dorsal interossal muscles of the hand in an increased electrical activity, which is beyond the weakened muscles. It is due to a lesion of filogenetically new cortico-spinal path, adjacent to the pyramidal and participating in the innervation of the muscles of the distal parts of extremities.

[Nature and pathogenic significance of vertebral osteochondrosis].

On the basis of literary data the authors demonstrate that spinal osteochondrosis is due to aging changes in the biochemism and structure of intervertebral discs. Under the influence of such factors as physical, overtension, overcooling of the organism, osteochondrosis may acquire a pathogenic significance in the appearance of some diseases. This in its turn may be due to the development of supplementary processes in the discs and adjacent tissues.

[Changes in the body's oxygen regime in hypothalamic syndromes under the influence of hypoxic mixtures].

A study of the oxygen regimen in the organism of patients with hypothalamic syndromes (vegetative, vascular and neuroendrocrino-metabolic) according to the Lauer and Kolchinskaya method demonstrated that an inhalation of hypoxic mixture containing 15% of oxygen leads to changes in the respiration indices. Such changes were related to circulation, oxygen parameters and indicated an increase of hypoxemia under the influence of this mixture and of a significant drop in the consumption of oxygen by the tissues. This may also speak in favour of an inhibition of activities in the compensatory and adaptational mechanisms.

Multiple diagnostic measures elicited during the stress ballistocardiogram.

Acceleration Bcgs were recorded on 22 subjects at rest and during acute elevation of blood pressure produced by isometric grip. Measurements on computer averaged graphic waveforms of H/I slope, I/J slope and I-J amplitude were made. The ratios of values during stress, to resting state, helped to select patients with 1,2 or 3 declines of 10% or more from the resting values.