Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients With Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease: A Prospective Multicentre Study.

Introduction: The majority of the studies on pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) were from a single center, had a low sample size and/or did not allow a complete functional evaluation before and after PR program (PRP). The objective of this study was to evaluate if PTLD patients had benefits from PR in a large collaborating multicentre study conducted in reference centers in Brazil, Italy and France.

Methods: PTLD patients underwent a comprehensive 5-week PRP (Group 1), and were compared with non-rehabilitated patients (Group 2).

Dupilumab Effectiveness in Patients with Severe Allergic Asthma Non-Responsive to Omalizumab.

: Severe allergic asthma is usually treated with omalizumab; however, this drug may not be effective for every patient. By its action, dupilumab could be an alternative in these patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dupilumab in patients with severe allergic asthma, non-responsive to omalizumab, according to the maintenance of their oral corticosteroid (OCS) dose, an exacerbation rate decrease, or poor control of the disease, despite optimized treatment.

Profiling Blood Hypereosinophilia in Patients on Dupilumab Treatment for Respiratory Conditions: A Real-Life Snapshot.

Background: A transient and usually asymptomatic increase in blood eosinophil count (BEC) associated with dupilumab treatment has been described. Predicting factors related to the increase in BEC and the occurrence of symptoms are still poorly investigated.

Objective: To investigate frequency, timing, duration, clinical relevance, and potential predictors of the increase in BEC in a real-life multicenter cohort of patients affected by asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) treated with dupilumab.

The effect of benralizumab on inflammation in severe asthma: a real-life analysis.

Background: Benralizumab is a monoclonal antibody treatment for severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). Few studies investigated its role in airway inflammation and its correlation with lung function.

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess its effect after 1 year of treatment, focusing on airway inflammation.

Asthma and hypertension: the role of airway inflammation.

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease often associated with comorbidities. Among cardiovascular comorbidities, arterial hypertension seems to create an additional health burden in asthmatics. However, evidence on this relationship is lacking.

Revealing the gap: fractional exhaled nitric oxide and clinical responsiveness to biological therapy in severe asthma - a retrospective study.

https://bit.ly/3xWszYJ.

Dupilumab Efficacy on Asthma Functional, Inflammatory, and Patient-Reported Outcomes across Different Disease Phenotypes and Severity: A Real-Life Perspective.

Dupilumab is currently approved for the treatment of Type 2 severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Few studies have specifically reported on dupilumab efficacy on asthma outcomes as a primary objective in a real-life setting, in patients with and without CRSwNP. Our study aimed to explore the efficacy of dupilumab on functional, inflammatory, and patient-reported outcomes in asthma patients across different disease phenotypes and severity, including mild-to-moderate asthma coexisting with CRSwNP.

Brazilian Thoracic Association recommendations for the management of post-tuberculosis lung disease.

Historically, all efforts against tuberculosis were focused on rapid diagnosis and effective treatment to break the chain of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, in the last few years, more and more evidence has been found on the dramatic consequences of the condition defined as post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD). Approximately one third of patients surviving pulmonary tuberculosis face considerable ongoing morbidities, including respiratory impairment, psychosocial challenges, and reduced health-related quality of life after treatment completion.

Brittle Asthma: Still on Board?

(1) Background: "Brittle Asthma" was considered an asthma clinical phenotype and deemed to be life-threatening in the early 2000s; then, this definition disappeared. The purpose of this review is to examine what has historically been referred to as this term and see whether it may be applied to modern clinical practice, thus acquiring fresh relevance and meaning. (2) Methods: A non-systematic search of the literature was conducted using both MeSH and free-text phrases.

Pulmonary rehabilitation and risk of fall in elderly with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Few data are available on the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on risk of fall in over 80 individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated the effectiveness of PR on the risk of fall in older as compared to younger than 80 individuals.

Methods: Parallel-group retrospective exploratory study of individuals undergone in-hospital PR.

Thyroid hormones modifications among COVID-19 patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation.

Introduction: Patients with severe COVID-19 often experience long-lasting disabilities that can improve after pulmonary rehabilitation. Moreover patients with severe COVID-19 display thyroid function alterations due to a non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS). The aim of our study was to evaluate thyroid function parameters among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 who were eligible or not to respiratory rehabilitation and their modifications during follow-up.

Analysis of Patients with Asthma and Mixed Granulocytic Inflammatory Pattern in Sputum.

Background: Patients with asthma usually present airway inflammation classified as eosinophilic, neutrophilic, mixed granulocytic, and paucigranulocytic pattern according to sputum inflammatory cells.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze clinical and biological characteristics of patients with asthma and mixed granulocytic pattern in comparison with the other groups.

Methods: Induced sputum was used to assess airway inflammation; lung function was evaluated as well as blood leukocytes and disease control.

Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on heart rate recovery in adult individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is a marker of disease severity and prognosis in cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. More than 30% of adult individuals with asthma may show a slow HRR. Pulmonary rehabilitation improves exercise capacity in individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Patients and doctors group meetings: an innovative way to explore severe asthma backstage.

Severe asthma patients' life is heavily influenced by the disease, which has impact on personal and professional choices or general lifestyle. Despite the available tools to help physicians investigating the patient-reported outcomes there is a need for a more standardised and structured approach to include the evaluation of quality of life together with the emotions of patients into the routine clinical interaction. We hereby report the use of an active listening and insight approach to understand the emotions of patients with severe asthma through dedicated in-person meetings involving a group of patients with their doctors, caregivers and an external moderator.

Mepolizumab Improves Outcomes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps in Severe Asthmatic Patients: A Multicentric Real-Life Study.

Objective: The upcoming introduction of mepolizumab represents a promising treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mepolizumab on sinonasal outcomes of comorbid CRSwNP and severe asthma in a real-life setting. The primary endpoint was to evaluate changes in the SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 score, Nasal Polyp (NP) score, and blood eosinophil count during a 12-month treatment with mepolizumab.

An overview of Cochrane systematic reviews for pulmonary rehabilitation interventions in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a mapping synthesis.

Introduction: There is a global unmet need for rehabilitation to meet which the World Health Organization, in collaboration with Cochrane Rehabilitation, is developing the Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation with the aim of identifying rehabilitation interventions relevant to a range of key health conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this paper is to describe the best available evidence on pulmonary rehabilitation interventions for people with COPD.

Evidence Acquisition: An Overview of Cochrane Systematic Reviews (CSRs).

Heart rate recovery in adult individuals with asthma.

Slow heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is a predictor of overall mortality in individuals with and without cardiovascular or respiratory disorders. No data on adults with asthma are available. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of slow HRR in these individuals as compared with those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

History of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of pulmonary sequelae of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB), known as the White Plague' is of great significance to humanity for the magnitude of morbidity and mortality it has generated over centuries from the very start of human civilization. In this Review, we will describe the history of prevention (vaccination and management of TB infection), diagnosis, treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation of post-treatment sequelae. The article leads the reader through the main discoveries which paved the way to the modern approach to TB prevention and care.

Renin Angiotensin System Blockers and Risk of Mortality in Hypertensive Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: An Italian Registry.

Background: It is uncertain whether exposure to renin-angiotensin system (RAS) modifiers affects the severity of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) because most of the available studies are retrospective.

Methods: We tested the prognostic value of exposure to RAS modifiers (either angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors [ACE-Is] or angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]) in a prospective study of hypertensive patients with COVID-19. We analyzed data from 566 patients (mean age 75 years, 54% males, 162 ACE-Is users, and 147 ARBs users) hospitalized in five Italian hospitals.