Long-term risk of mortality and loss to follow-up in children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Asia.

Objective: We described mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU) in children and adolescents who were under care for more than 5 years following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods: Patients were followed from 5 years after ART until the earlier of their 25th birthday, last visit, death, or LTFU. We used Cox regression to assess predictors of mortality and competing risk regression to assess factors associated with LTFU.

The role of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent on the evaluation of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in pediatric cyanotic heart disease: a diagnostic study in Indonesia.

Background: In light of prolonged hypoxia, children with cyanotic heart disase (CHD) are at a high risk of developing iron deficiency iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) is a novel and dependable indicator for assessing iron status. However, there has been no previous study regarding cut-off value in pediatric CHD group.

Mortality of cytomegalovirus infection among people living with HIV: A retrospective study from a tertiary hospital in Indonesia.

Background: There are still many patients newly diagnosed with HIV at an advanced stage in Indonesia. We aimed to identify factors associated with 1-year mortality among cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out at a tertiary-care hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia (January 2017 to December 2022).

Immunization Simulation Using Actual-Size Infant Manikins for Medical Students in Indonesia: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Introduction: Manikins are tools used in simulation training for medical students to develop important skills, one of which is immunization. However, conventional manikins often do not resemble the actual size of an infant's arm or leg. This study aimed to determine the impact of using actual-size manikins on students' knowledge and practical skills, evaluate their confidence in immunization practice, and assess students' responses and feedback regarding the practice using actual-size manikins.

Transition practice for primary immunodeficiency diseases in Southeast Asia: a regional survey.

Introduction: With increased diagnostic capabilities and treatment modalities in the field of primary immunodeficiencies (PID), many pediatric patients survive beyond childhood and experience a change of care to the adult-oriented healthcare system. Unfortunately, the transition pathways for PID are less clearly defined, resulting in deterioration of quality of care in adulthood. Hence, this is the first regional study to address PID clinicians' opinions on practices and challenges of transition care in 7 Southeast Asia (SEA) countries.

Cultivating patient-centered care competence through a telemedicine-based course: An explorative study of undergraduate medical students' self-reflective writing.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged adaptations of learning methods in clinical clerkship. There have been limited reports on the merits of involving medical students in telemedicine. This study, therefore, aims to investigate students' reflection on what they learned and identify the challenges and benefits of doctor-patient interaction through their experience in a telemedicine-based course.

A COVID-19 self-isolation monitoring module for FMUI undergraduate medical students: Linking learning and service needs during the pandemic surge in Indonesia.

To ensure that students continued receiving adequate yet safe clinical exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Faculty of Medicine at Universitas Indonesia (FMUI) created the Module of COVID-19 Self-Isolation Monitoring which aims to equip students with the knowledge and skill to monitor confirmed and close contact cases of COVID-19. Module development, divided into four phases: preparation, orientation, implementation, and evaluation phase, started as soon as the delta wave of COVID-19 cases forced medical students to halt their offline clinical rotations. A quantitative secondary data were obtained from student and patient satisfaction questionnaires and on students' performance and reflection.

Targeted Gene Sanger Sequencing Should Remain the First-Tier Genetic Test for Children Suspected to Have the Five Common X-Linked Inborn Errors of Immunity.

To address inborn errors of immunity (IEI) which were underdiagnosed in resource-limited regions, our centre developed and offered free genetic testing for the most common IEI by Sanger sequencing (SS) since 2001. With the establishment of The Asian Primary Immunodeficiency (APID) Network in 2009, the awareness and definitive diagnosis of IEI were further improved with collaboration among centres caring for IEI patients from East and Southeast Asia. We also started to use whole exome sequencing (WES) for undiagnosed cases and further extended our collaboration with centres from South Asia and Africa.

Clinical Features of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19 in Indonesia.

Background: While the number of cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is increasing, reported cases in Asian countries are still low, particularly in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with MIS-C in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with collected data of patients with MIS-C admitted to Dr.

Serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility profile of isolated from nasopharynges of children infected with HIV in Jakarta, Indonesia, pre- and post-pneumococcal vaccination.

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility of carried by children infected with HIV before and after vaccination with the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2013. We collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens from 52 children pre-vaccination and 6 months post-vaccination. Serotyping was performed by conventional multiplex polymerase chain reaction and Quellung reaction.

Mortality in children with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test: Lessons learned from a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.

Background: The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still increasing rapidly, but little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of fatal cases in children in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of children with COVID-19 with fatal outcomes in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data collected from the medical records of patients with COVID-19 admitted to Dr.

DSM 17938 Improves Feeding Intolerance in Preterm Infants.

Purpose: Feeding tolerance is extremely important in preterm infants. This study aimed to evaluate whether preterm infants receiving DSM 17938 would develop fewer symptoms of feeding intolerance. Secondary outcomes were duration of parenteral nutrition, time to reach full feeding, length of hospital stay, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), diarrhea, and mortality.

Dual Analysis of Loss to Follow-up for Perinatally HIV-Infected Adolescents Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in Asia.

Background: Perinatally HIV-infected adolescents (PHIVA) are an expanding population vulnerable to loss to follow-up (LTFU). Understanding the epidemiology and factors for LTFU is complicated by varying LTFU definitions.

Setting: Asian regional cohort incorporating 16 pediatric HIV services across 6 countries.

Early Height and Weight Changes in Children Using Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis With Antiretroviral Therapy.

Background: The growth benefits of cotrimoxazole during early antiretroviral therapy (ART) are not well characterized.

Methods: Individuals enrolled in the Therapeutics Research, Education, and AIDS Training in Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database were included if they started ART at ages 1 month-14 years and had both height and weight measurements available at ART initiation (baseline). Generalized estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with change in height-for-age z-score (HAZ), follow-up HAZ ≥ -2, change in weight-for-age z-score (WAZ), and follow-up WAZ ≥ -2.

The management of food allergy in Indonesia.

Prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide, including food allergy. It is different between countries because food allergy can vary by culture and population. Prevalence of food allergy in Indonesia is unknown; therefore it is not known yet the burden and impact of food allergy in our population.