The hidden epidemic of occult hepatitis B and C among injection drug users (IDUs): A call for action.

Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B and C Infections among Egyptian injection drug users (IDUs) and identify key risk factors contributing to their occurrence within this high-risk group.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 Egyptian IDUs were assessed. Participants were negative for Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, with anti-HCV positive patients who achieved sustained virologic response after treatment included.

MicroRNA-205-5p inhibits the growth and migration of breast cancer through targeting Wnt/β-catenin co-receptor LRP6 and interacting with lncRNAs.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women worldwide. Non-coding RNAs play a fundamental role in regulating the expression of different genes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to bind to mRNA and either induce its degradation or repress its translation.

The antitumour efficacy of hesperidin vs. cisplatin against non-small lung cancer cells A549 and H460 targeting the κ signalling pathway.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer, causing worldwide mortality. Therefore, this study is necessary for continuing research into new effective and safe treatments. Recently, herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer.

Association of paraoxonase-1 (Q192R) gene polymorphism with coronary artery spasm during cardiac catheterisation in Egyptians.

Background: Coronary artery spasm is among the etiology of myocardial infarction. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm (CAS). Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an HDL-bound antioxidant enzyme that protects LDL from oxidative modification.

Association of CIITA (rs8048002) and CLEC2D (rs2114870) gene variants and type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a significant health challenge, especially for children, owing to its chronic autoimmune nature. Although the exact etiology of T1DM remains elusive, the interplay of genetic predisposition, immune responses, and environmental factors are postulated. Genetic factors control immune reactivity against β-cells.

Relation of STAT3 rs1053005 Variation and miR-452-3p with Osteoarthritis Susceptibility and Severity and the Clinical Response to High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injection in Osteoarthritis Patients.

Polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region of STAT3 mRNA can derange STAT3 gene expression via modifying the microRNA-binding site. This study aimed to examine the impact of STAT3 rs1053005 variation and miR-452-3p expression on osteoarthritis (OA) susceptibility and severity and the efficacy of intra-articular high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) injection as a therapy option for knee OA. Two hundred and fifty-eight OA patients and 200 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.

Empagliflozin suppresses hedgehog pathway, alleviates ER stress, and ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in rats.

Worldwide mortality from hepatic fibrosis remains high, due to hepatocellular carcinoma and end stage liver failure. The progressive nature of hepatic fibrosis from inflammation to cicatrized tissues warrants subtle intervention with pharmacological agents that hold potential. Empagliflozin (Empa), a novel hypoglycemic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has lately been proposed to have additional antifibrotic activities.

Leptin Rs7799039 polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus Egyptian patients.

Background: Leptin (LEP) is an anti-obesity hormone that regulates food intake, energy expenditure, and glucose metabolism. The genetic variants in LEP and the LEP receptor (LEPR) gene may play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The current study aimed to investigate the association of serum LEP levels, and LEP polymorphisms in LEP (rs7799039, 2548 G/A) with T2DM in Egyptian patients.

Effect of autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Chronic inflammation causes articular bone and cartilage degeneration in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite recent advancements in the management of RA, adverse side effects and ineffective treatments remain a problem. Effective treatment is usually hampered by financial issues.

The Relation of VEGFA, VEGFR2, VEGI, and HIF1A Genetic Variants and Their Serum Protein Levels with Breast Cancer in Egyptian Patients.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in Egyptian females. Polymorphisms in the angiogenesis pathway have been implicated previously in cancer risk and prognosis. The aim of the current study was to determine whether certain polymorphisms in the genes of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1A) associated with breast cancer development.

The long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression via miR200b/ZEB1 axis.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor worldwide. CRC is influenced by several types of miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. This study aims to evaluate the correlation of lncRNA ZFAS1/ miR200b/ ZEB1 protein with presence of CRC.

Serum Transforming Growth Factor β1 and Its Genetic Variants Are Associated with Increased Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1β and Susceptibility to Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common entrapment neuropathy in which one of the body's peripheral nerves becomes pinched or crushed. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CTS. An association between TGF-β1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility or progression of a number of diseases has been reported.

Evaluating the Feasibility of Pro-Neurotensin and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 as Possible Indicators for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications.

(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome are associated with decreased vitamin D. In contrast, high pro-neurotensin (pro-NT) levels are linked with an increased risk of T2DM and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the validity of pro-NT and 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 levels as predictors for T2DM complications; (2) Methods: One hundred T2DM, and one hundred healthy volunteers participated in this case-control study.

Allelic Discrimination of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Controlled Study.

(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the rapidly growing healthcare problems, and several vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms seem to modulate the risk of T2DM. Our research was designed to investigate the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphisms and T2DM occurrence risk. (2) Methods: This case-control research included 156 patients with T2DM and 145 healthy control subjects.

Nano-melatonin and-histidine modulate adipokines and neurotransmitters to improve cognition in HFD-fed rats: A formula to study.

The established correlation between obesity and cognitive impairment portrays pharmacological products aimed at both disorders as an important therapeutic advance. Modulation of dysregulated adipokines and neurotransmitters is hence a critical aspect of the assessment of in-use drugs. At the cellular level, repairments in brain barrier integrity and cognitive flexibility are the main checkpoints.

Integrating experimental model, LC-MS/MS chemical analysis, and systems biology approach to investigate the possible antidiabetic effect and mechanisms of (Golden Chamomile) in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disease with numerous abnormal targets and pathways involved in insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, beta cell dysfunction, and epigenetic factors. Botanical drugs provide a large chemical space that can modify various targets simultaneously. (MA, golden chamomile) is a widely used herb in Middle Eastern communities for many ailments, including diabetes mellitus, without any scientific basis to support this tradition.

Pro-Neurotensin as a Potential Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Detection of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: Currently, liver biopsy is the gold standard method for diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver severity. It is critical to develop non-invasive diagnostic method to diagnose nonalcoholic fatty liver rather than invasive techniques. Our case-control study was to address the value of circulating miRNA-122 and serum pro-neurotensin as a potential non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty acid diseases.

Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Modulates hsa_circ_0001345/miRNA106b/ATG16L1 Axis Expression as a Potential Protective Mechanism against Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of malignancy in the liver. Autophagy was found to have a significant effect in controlling HCC. Anthocyanins, which are naturally occurring pigments in a variety of fruits and vegetables, have been thoroughly documented to be involved in a variety of bioactive activities and are widely employed for their antioxidant capabilities.

Genetic variants of ALR (-106C → T /-12C → G) and serum PKC-δ are associated with peripheral neuropathy in Egyptian diabetic patients with impaired handwriting.

Purpose: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy can injure the hand median nerve and cause extensive nerve damage. PKC and ALR are associated with progression of diabetic complications. We hypothesized a genetic association between the ALR polymorphisms (-106C → T/-12C → G) and elevated serum PKC-δ levels in diabetic neuropathy and its adverse effects on handwriting in Egyptian population.

Selenium nanoparticles overcomes sorafenib resistance in thioacetamide induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by modulation of mTOR, NF-κB pathways and LncRNA-AF085935/GPC3 axis.

Aims: The first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib (SOR). Sofafenib resistance is linked to protein kinase B/ mammalian target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, apoptosis inhibition and oxidative stress. This study investigated selenium nanoparticles (SeNps) to overcome SOR resistance in thioacetamide (TAA) induced HCC in rats.

Antisecretory and antioxidative effects of the antidepressants fluvoxamine and mirtazapine on water immersion stress and pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

Objectives: Although there are numerous drugs available for the treatment of gastric ulcers (GU), these drugs are not always effective. Antidepressant medications have been used for a variety of non-psychiatric indications, including antiulcer activity in various ulcer models. The purpose of this study was to compare the antiulcer effects of fluvoxamine and mirtazapine in two rat GU experimental models and to determine their relationship to antioxidant and antisecretory mechanisms.

Infliximab and/or MESNA alleviate doxorubicin-induced Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in rats: A new insight into TNF-α/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Aims: The current study aimed to elucidate the neurotoxic potential of DOX to induce AD-like pathology paying attention to the role of wingless-integrated/β-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin) signaling pathway. A major aim was to evaluate the efficacy of infliximab (IFX) either individually or in combination with 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate sodium (MESNA) on the DOX-induced neurotoxicity in rats.

Methodology: AD-like pathology was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal (i.

Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Egyptian Patients with Lymphoma: A New Vision.

Occult hepatitis C virus infection (OCI) is the absence of HCV RNA in serum and the presence of actively replicating HCV RNA in hepatocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as evidenced by the presence of antigenomic negative sense single-stranded RNA. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OCI in Egyptian lymphoma patients and assess changes in biochemical parameters in patients with confirmed OCI. The current study was conducted on 100 apparently healthy subjects as control group and 100 patients with lymphoma as a case group.