Prenatal aripiprazole induces alterations of rat placenta: a histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are used to treat many psychiatric illnesses as schizophrenia. Typical antipsychotic drugs (TAPDs) are being used; however, they have many side effects. Atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) are newer medications with known fewer side effects.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel alleviates lithium-induced alterations in the thyroid gland of rats by modulating apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Lithium carbonate (LC) is known to alter thyroid gland function. Pomegranate (PG) is a fruit with multiple antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. Here, we studied the effect of PG on LC-induced morphological and functional alterations in the thyroid glands of rats.

Nasal septal anatomical variations among Saudi population and their possible coincidence with sinusitis: a computed tomography scan study.

The nasal septum is a crucial supporting factor for the nasal cavity and may develop several anatomical variants including septal deviation, spur and pneumatization. These variants could be associated with a higher incidence of sinusitis due to structural and functional alterations. So, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of nasal septal deviation (NSD), nasal septal spur (NSS) and nasal septal pneumatization (NSP) among the Saudi adult population and their links with the incidence of sinusitis by using computed tomography (CT).

Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Exendin-4 on the Reinstatement of Cocaine-Mediated Conditioned Place Preference in Mice.

A high percentage of relapse to compulsive cocaine-taking and cocaine-seeking behaviors following abstinence constitutes a major obstacle to the clinical treatment of cocaine addiction. Thus, there is a substantial need to develop effective pharmacotherapies for the prevention of cocaine relapse. The reinstatement paradigm is known as the most commonly used animal model to study relapse in abstinent human addicts.

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist Exendin-4 Facilitates the Extinction of Cocaine-Induced Condition Place Preference.

Accumulating studies suggest that the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 (Ex4) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) play a pivotal role in the maladaptive behavior of cocaine. However, few studies have assessed whether Ex4 can facilitate the extinction of drug-associated behavior and attenuate the reinstatement of cocaine-induced condition place preference (CPP) in mice. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate Ex4's ability to regulate the extinction and reinstatement of cocaine-induced CPP.

Topical onion juice mitigates the morphological alterations of the cornea in the aged male rats.

Aging is associated with structural and functional changes of the cornea. Fresh onion juice contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids that may provide an anti-aging effect. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the onion juice to ameliorate these aging changes.

Prevalence of the anatomical variations of concha bullosa and its relation with sinusitis among Saudi population: a computed tomography scan study.

Concha bullosa (CB) is a pneumatic cavitation inside a concha in the nasal cavity. It is one of the most widely recognized nasal variations and is mostly found in the middle concha. CB is divided according to its site into three types; lamellar, bulbous and extensive.

The Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogue Liraglutide Reduces Seizures Susceptibility, Cognition Dysfunction and Neuronal Apoptosis in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome.

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a refractory epilepsy typically caused by heterozygous mutations of the gene, which encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.1. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues, effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetes, have recently become attractive treatment modalities for patients with nervous system disease; however, the impact of GLP-1 analogues on DS remains unknown.

A Morphometric Study of the Patterns and Variations of the Acromion and Glenoid Cavity of the Scapulae in Egyptian Population.

Background: Owing to its many variations, scapula became one of the most interesting bones of the human skeleton.

Aim: To measure acromial and glenoid morphology in to describe their anatomical patterns and variations in Egyptians to establish possible morphofunctional correlations related to race, geographic region and literature data.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and sixty scapulae of unknown age and sex were studied.