Evaluating the effects of an exercise program (Staying UpRight) for older adults in long-term care on rates of falls: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Falls are two to four times more frequent amongst older adults living in long-term care (LTC) than community-dwelling older adults and have deleterious consequences. It is hypothesised that a progressive exercise program targeting balance and strength will reduce fall rates when compared to a seated exercise program and do so cost effectively.

Methods/design: This is a single blind, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with blinded assessment of outcome and intention-to-treat analysis.

Differentiating dementia disease subtypes with gait analysis: feasibility of wearable sensors?

Background: There are unique signatures of gait impairments in different dementia disease subtypes, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PDD). This suggests gait analysis is a useful differential marker for dementia disease subtypes, but this has yet to be assessed using inexpensive wearable technology.

Research Question: This study aimed to assess whether a single accelerometer-based wearable could differentiate dementia disease subtypes through gait analysis.

Gait Asymmetry Post-Stroke: Determining Valid and Reliable Methods Using a Single Accelerometer Located on the Trunk.

Asymmetry is a cardinal symptom of gait post-stroke that is targeted during rehabilitation. Technological developments have allowed accelerometers to be a feasible tool to provide digital gait variables. Many acceleration-derived variables are proposed to measure gait asymmetry.

The current use of anti-cariogenic agents and fluoride agents to cure write spot lesion: A systematic analysis.

To find the best option to treat White Spot Lesion in existing caries treatments, and to identify the selected articles discussing etiology of caries along with White spot lesion. Null hypothesis was that "Only anticariogenic agent can cure White Spot Lesion". PRISMA guidelines were used to conduct the systematic analysis.

Comparison of Walking Protocols and Gait Assessment Systems for Machine Learning-Based Classification of Parkinson's Disease.

Early diagnosis of Parkinson's diseases (PD) is challenging; applying machine learning (ML) models to gait characteristics may support the classification process. Comparing performance of ML models used in various studies can be problematic due to different walking protocols and gait assessment systems. The objective of this study was to compare the impact of walking protocols and gait assessment systems on the performance of a support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) for classification of PD.

Anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities of Tamarix dioica.

Medicinal and aromatic plants contribute to major portion of the flora. The plant materials obtained from these plants are used in the pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and drug industries. Tamarix dioica is locally used in the management of splenic and hepatic inflammation as well as diuretic and carminative.

Continuous Real-World Gait Monitoring in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Background: Patients with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) have a high risk of developing PD, and thus can be used to study prodromal biomarkers. RBD has been associated with changes in gait; quantifying these changes using wearable technology is promising; however, most data are obtained in clinical settings precluding pragmatic application.

Objective: We aimed to investigate if wearable-based, real-world gait monitoring can detect early gait changes and discriminate individuals with RBD from controls, and explore relationships between real-world gait and clinical characteristics.

Selecting Clinically Relevant Gait Characteristics for Classification of Early Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Machine Learning Approach.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease; gait impairments are typical and are associated with increased fall risk and poor quality of life. Gait is potentially a useful biomarker to help discriminate PD at an early stage, however the optimal characteristics and combination are unclear. In this study, we used machine learning (ML) techniques to determine the optimal combination of gait characteristics to discriminate people with PD and healthy controls (HC).

Exercise enhances the effectiveness of vitamin D therapy in rats with Alzheimer's disease: emphasis on oxidative stress and inflammation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by gradual loss of memory and cognitive functions which can affect anyone. Authors declared that there is a link between vitamin D and brain function. It has been proven that vitamin D plays an important role in improving AD cognitive functions.

Factors That Influence Habitual Activity in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Background: Reduced engagement with habitual activity (HA) is associated with greater risk and progression of cognitive decline and falls in older adults and people with dementia. Understanding external and intrinsic factors that affect HA may provide novel targets for non-pharmacologic interventions.

Objective: This study primarily aims to identify factors that influence HA in normal ageing and cognitive impairment, such as cognitive and motor problems and disease subtype.

Are Accelerometer-based Functional Outcome Assessments Feasible and Valid After Treatment for Lower Extremity Sarcomas?

Background: Aspects of physical functioning, including balance and gait, are affected after surgery for lower limb musculoskeletal tumors. These are not routinely measured but likely are related to how well patients function after resection or amputation for a bone or soft tissue sarcoma. Small, inexpensive portable accelerometers are available that might be clinically useful to assess balance and gait in these patients, but they have not been well studied.

IBD prevalence in Lothian, Scotland, derived by capture-recapture methodology.

Objective: IBD prevalence is estimated to be rising, but no detailed, recent UK data are available. The last reported prevalence estimate in the UK was 0.40% in 2003.

Gait analysis with wearables predicts conversion to parkinson disease.

Objective: Quantification of gait with wearable technology is promising; recent cross-sectional studies showed that gait characteristics are potential prodromal markers for Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this longitudinal prospective observational study was to establish gait impairments and trajectories in the prodromal phase of PD, identifying which gait characteristics are potentially early diagnostic markers of PD.

Methods: The 696 healthy controls (mean age = 63 ± 7 years) recruited in the Tubingen Evaluation of Risk Factors for Early Detection of Neurodegeneration study were included.

Synthesis of magnetite-based nanocomposites for effective removal of brilliant green dye from wastewater.

The present study aims at evaluating the batch scale potential of cotton shell powder (CSP), Moringa oleifera leaves (ML), and magnetite-assisted composites of Moringa oleifera leaves (MLMC) and cotton shell powder (CSPMC) for the removal of brilliant green dye (BG) from synthetic wastewater. This is the first attempt to combine biosorbents with nanoparticles (NPs) for the removal of BG. The surface properties of ML, CSP, and their composites were characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX).

Synthesis, characterization and application of gelatin-carboxymethyl cellulose blend films for preservation of cherry tomatoes and grapes.

In the present study, gelatin-carboxymethyl cellulose blend film was synthesized, characterized and applied for the first time to preserve cherry tomatoes () and grapes (). Gelatin (Gel) film forming solution was incorporated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at three volume per volume (Gel:CMC) ratios, namely 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75. CMC treatment has improved the transparency, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EAB), water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of gelatin films.

Single or Combined Applications of Zinc and Multi-strain Probiotic on Intestinal Histomorphology of Broilers Under Cyclic Heat Stress.

Two-hundred-eighty-day-old broiler chicks were divided into seven groups. The groups were designated as T1, thermoneutral zone; T2, heat stressed (HS); T3, HS + zinc (Zn) supplementation (30 mg/kg); T4, HS + Zn (60 mg/kg); T5, HS + probiotic (0.1 g/kg); T6, HS + probiotic (0.

Is every-day walking in older adults more analogous to dual-task walking or to usual walking? Elucidating the gaps between gait performance in the lab and during 24/7 monitoring.

Background: The traditional evaluation of gait in the laboratory during structured testing has provided important insights, but is limited by its "snapshot" character and observation in an unnatural environment. Wearables enable monitoring of gait in real-world environments over a week. Initial findings show that in-lab and real-world measures differ.

A Study of Role Stressors and Job Satisfaction: The Case of MNCs in Collectivist Context.

Job stressors in organizational studies are commonly known as role stressors. These include role overload (RO), role conflict (RC), role ambiguity (RA) and job insecurity (JI). We explored the predicting role of these stressors on the overall level of job stress (JS) and job satisfaction (JSF).

Lymphocytic Pleural Effusion and an Enzyme Involved in Purine Metabolism: A Tertiary Care Experience in Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: The levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) are increased in tubercular pleural effusion and its determination has acquired popularity as a diagnostic test which is inexpensive and is readily accessible. Pleural fluid ADA showed sensitivity (86.36%), specificity (61.

Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Vedolizumab for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Scottish Vedolizumab Cohort.

Background & Aims: Vedolizumab is an anti-a4b7 monoclonal antibody that is licensed for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The aims of this study were to establish the real-world effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective study involving seven NHS health boards in Scotland between June 2015 and November 2017.

The Role of Movement Analysis in Diagnosing and Monitoring Neurodegenerative Conditions: Insights from Gait and Postural Control.

Quantifying gait and postural control adds valuable information that aids in understanding neurological conditions where motor symptoms predominate and cause considerable functional impairment. Disease-specific clinical scales exist; however, they are often susceptible to subjectivity, and can lack sensitivity when identifying subtle gait and postural impairments in prodromal cohorts and longitudinally to document disease progression. Numerous devices are available to objectively quantify a range of measurement outcomes pertaining to gait and postural control; however, efforts are required to standardise and harmonise approaches that are specific to the neurological condition and clinical assessment.

Associations between daily-living physical activity and laboratory-based assessments of motor severity in patients with falls and Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Recent work suggests that wearables can augment conventional measures of Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluated the relationship between conventional measures of disease and motor severity (e.g.

Postural Dynamics Are Associated With Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease.

Early features of Parkinson's disease (PD) include both motor and cognitive changes, suggesting shared common pathways. A common motor dysfunction is postural instability, a known predictor of falls, which have a major impact on quality of life. Understanding mechanisms of postural dynamics in PD and specifically how they relate to cognitive changes is essential for developing effective interventions.

Low serum folic acid can be a potential independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction: a prospective case-control study.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare serum level of folic acid (FA) in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) versus healthy controls and to assess its correlation with other well-known confounders for ED.

Methods: Our prospective study compared FA in 60 patients with ED versus 30 healthy controls. Patients were excluded if they had any hormonal disorders, Peyronie's disease, or decompensated systemic illnesses.