An overview of modern machine learning methods for effect measure modification analyses in high-dimensional settings.

A primary concern of public health researchers involves identifying and quantifying heterogeneous exposure effects across population subgroups. Understanding the magnitude and direction of these effects on a given scale provides researchers the ability to recommend policy prescriptions and assess the external validity of findings. Traditional methods for effect measure modification analyses require manual model specification that is often impractical or not feasible to conduct in high-dimensional settings.

Fatal intoxications and inherited cardiac disorders in the young: where to draw the line?

Sudden cardiac death represents a significant public health concern and is one of the leading causes of early mortality worldwide. The escalating use of illicit drugs, approximately 269 million people in 2018, represents a growing public health. Some of these drugs are stimulants that may have multiple effects on the cardiovascular system including the cardiac rhythm, then substance abuse increases the risk of sudden death.

Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates in farrow-to-finish pig farms in Bulgaria.

Salmonella spp. is an important zoonotic and foodborne pathogen. It is spread worldwide and represents a public health risk.

Biosecurity measures to control hepatitis E virus on European pig farms.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 is a prevalent zoonotic pathogen in European pig farms, posing a significant public health risk primarily through the foodborne route. The study aimed to identify effective biosecurity measures for controlling HEV transmission on pig farms, addressing a critical gap in current knowledge. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, fecal samples from gilts, dry sows, and fatteners were collected on 231 pig farms of all farm types across nine European countries.

Corrigendum: Biosecurity measures to control hepatitis E virus on European pig farms.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.

Temperature-related neonatal deaths attributable to climate change in 29 low- and middle-income countries.

Exposure to high and low ambient temperatures increases the risk of neonatal mortality, but the contribution of climate change to temperature-related neonatal deaths is unknown. We use Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data (n = 40,073) from 29 low- and middle-income countries to estimate the temperature-related burden of neonatal deaths between 2001 and 2019 that is attributable to climate change. We find that across all countries, 4.

The adaptability of and the sensitivity of to semi-arid steppe is reflected in the stem and root vascular cambium and anatomical wood traits.

Afforestation success is measured by the tree establishment and growth capacity which contribute to a range of ecosystem services. In the Mongolian steppe, and have been tested as candidate species for large afforestation programs, by analyzing their response to a combination of irrigation and fertilization treatments. While in temperate and Mediterranean forest ecosystems, xylogenetic studies provide insight into the trees' plasticity and adaptability, this type of knowledge is non-existent in semi-arid regions, whose climatic features are expected to become a global issue.

Correction: Information battleground: Conflict perceptions motivate the belief in and sharing of misinformation about the adversary.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Clinical manifestations and analytical reports for MDPHP acute intoxication cases.

MDPHP is a synthetic cathinone (SC) belonging to α-pyrrolidinophenone derivatives. It is a central nervous system stimulant and may induce hallucinations, paranoia, tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain, and rhabdomyolysis. In literature, a few cases of intoxication have been reported.

Implications of climate-related disasters on refugees' health: A case study of resettled Syrian and Iraqi refugees in San Diego, California.

Background: Climate change disproportionately harms people of color and low-income communities. Despite their unprecedented numbers, being constantly on the move, and suffering extreme social vulnerability, almost nothing is known about the impact of climate change on the health of refugees. This study uses state-of-the-art mixed methods to examine the differential susceptibility of climate-sensitive exposures and environmental exposures among refugees and their links to perceived health after resettlement.

Detection of HEV RNA Using One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR in Farrow-to-Finish Pig Farms in Bulgaria.

(1) Background: HEV is a zoonotic, foodborne pathogen. It is spread worldwide and represents a public health risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of HEV RNA in farrow-to-finish pig farms in different regions of Bulgaria; (2) Methods: Isolation of HEV RNA from pooled samples of feces was performed using a QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit followed by HEV RNA detection using a single-step real-time RT-PCR with primers and probes targeting the ORF 3 HEV genome; (3) Results: HEV RNA was detected in 12 out of 32 tested farms in Bulgaria (37.

Information battleground: Conflict perceptions motivate the belief in and sharing of misinformation about the adversary.

Misinformation has emerged as a major societal concern. But why do citizens contribute to the dissemination of falsehoods online? This article investigates this question by focusing on the role of motivated reasoning and, in particular, perceptions of group-based conflict. It examines the effect of perceived conflict on the endorsement of false news in the context of a regional conflict between Russia and the West as experienced by Ukrainian citizens.

The Course of Mechanical Stress: Types, Perception, and Plant Response.

Mechanical stimuli, together with the corresponding plant perception mechanisms and the finely tuned thigmomorphogenetic response, has been of scientific and practical interest since the mid-17th century. As an emerging field, there are many challenges in the research of mechanical stress. Indeed, studies on different plant species (annual/perennial) and plant organs (stem/root) using different approaches (field, wet lab, and in silico/computational) have delivered insufficient findings that frequently impede the practical application of the acquired knowledge.

Essential childhood immunization in 43 low- and middle-income countries: Analysis of spatial trends and socioeconomic inequalities in vaccine coverage.

Background: Globally, access to life-saving vaccines has improved considerably in the past 5 decades. However, progress has started to slow down and even reverse in recent years. Understanding subnational heterogeneities in essential child immunization will be critical for closing the global vaccination gap.

Uncovering social and environmental factors that increase the burden of climate-sensitive diarrheal infections on children.

Climate-sensitive infectious diseases are an issue of growing concern due to global warming and the related increase in the incidence of extreme weather and climate events. Diarrhea, which is strongly associated with climatic factors, remains among the leading causes of child death globally, disproportionately affecting populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We use survey data for 51 LMICs between 2000 and 2019 in combination with gridded climate data to estimate the association between precipitation shocks and reported symptoms of diarrheal illness in young children.

THE MAIN ASPECTS OF COUNTERING PANDEMIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES THROUGH VACCINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PROTECTING HEALTH AND OVERCOMING PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS.

Objective: The aim: Study of opinions and attitudes of citizens towards vaccination, identification of the reasons for the refusal of vaccination, the main psychological barriers.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: As a result of the analysis the main reasons for the refusal of vaccination were systematized into 5 groups. For practical clarification of the main reasons for the refusal of vaccination, we conducted a survey of citizens of the family medicine outpatient clinic in one of the Ukrainian cities.

Network-Based Analysis to Identify Hub Genes Involved in Spatial Root Response to Mechanical Constrains.

Previous studies report that the asymmetric response, observed along the main poplar woody bent root axis, was strongly related to both the type of mechanical forces (compression or tension) and the intensity of force displacement. Despite a large number of targets that have been proposed to trigger this asymmetry, an understanding of the comprehensive and synergistic effect of the antistress spatially related pathways is still lacking. Recent progress in the bioinformatics area has the potential to fill these gaps through the use of in silico studies, able to investigate biological functions and pathway overlaps, and to identify promising targets in plant responses.

Acupuncture-Induced Changes in Nociception, Measured by Pain-Related Evoked Potentials: A Pilot Mechanistic Study.

The nociceptive system has been implicated in acupuncture analgesia, although acupuncture's precise mechanism of action remains unknown. Electric pain-related evoked potentials (PREPs) have emerged as an effective and reliable electrophysiologic method for evaluation of the human nociceptive system by electric stimulation of nociceptive Aδ and C fibers. This pilot mechanistic study aims to assess the feasibility of using advanced PREP techniques together with electroacupuncture and to use PREPs to characterize acupuncture's effect on nociception.

Effect of sports training on morphological characteristics in Bulgarian female tennis players.

Abstract.