Principal diagnostic features of paediatric foreign body aspiration.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the most common and important features within the presenting history, clinical examination and chest radiograph that are associated with foreign body (FB) aspiration in the paediatric population, to support rationalised decision making in regards to proceeding with diagnostic bronchoscopy.

Methods: A retrospective notes review was conducted of 70 patients over a 12-year period at our tertiary referral centre. Their presenting history, clinical and radiographic signs were documented and univariate logistic regression model used to calculate odds ratios.

Nasal obstruction in a 14 year old girl caused by a huge middle turbinate mucocele appearing radiologically as an inverted papilloma.

Introduction: We present a case of a fourteen year old girl who presented with a large intra-nasal mass to the ENT team at a district general hospital in the UK.

Presentation Of Case: The girl presented predominantly with nasal obstruction and some symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Imaging revealed a large lesion abutting the skull base and causing bony remodelling with marked septal deviation.

Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis present higher immune response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine compared to normal individuals.

Aim: To evaluate the response (titers of anti-COVID-19 antibodies) to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and normal individuals.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-four patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 51 normal individuals were studied after the third dose of the vaccine.

Results: Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis showed significantly higher immune response after the third dose of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine compared with normal individuals (p = 0.

S2k guidelines on the management of paraneoplastic pemphigus/paraneoplastic autoimmune multiorgan syndrome initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV).

Background: Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP), also called paraneoplastic autoimmune multiorgan syndrome (PAMS), is a rare autoimmune disease with mucocutaneous and multi-organ involvement. PNP/PAMS is typically associated with lymphoproliferative or haematological malignancies, and less frequently with solid malignancies. The mortality rate of PNP/PAMS is elevated owing to the increased risk of severe infections and disease-associated complications, such as bronchiolitis obliterans.

A rare case of poorly differentiated mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine tumor of the caecum with long term survival: A case report.

A 59-year-old woman presented with flushing attacks accompanied by tachycardia and hypotension, which lasted approximately 30 to 60 minutes, underwent 18 years ago a gastrointestinal tumor resection. The histologic examination revealed a poorly differentiated mixed neuroendocrine/adenocarcinoma located in the caecum with regional metastases. Postoperatively, the patient received combined chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil with interferon for six months and since has remained asymptomatic.

Deep neck space infection extending to the mediastinum that was treated conservatively.

Deep neck space infections (DNSIs) are challenging to diagnose and manage. A female ex-smoker presented with difficulty breathing and chest pain. She was initially treated for exacerbation of emphysema with intravenous antibiotics.

Parapharyngeal and floor-of-mouth abscess secondary to tonsillar phlegmon: A rare and unusual cause of Ludwig's angina.

We present an unusual case of Ludwig's angina secondary to a left tonsillar phlegmon in a previously fit and well 50-year-old woman. This tonsillar phlegmon spread along the peritonsillar/parapharyngeal plane to cause a diffuse cellulitis and collection in the submental, sublingual, and submandibular spaces despite empirical intravenous antibiotic therapy.

Trichodynia and telogen effluvium in COVID-19 patients: Results of an international expert opinion survey on diagnosis and management.

Background: The cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 may be useful disease markers and prognostic indicators. Recently, postinfectious telogen effluvium and trichodynia have also been reported.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of trichodynia and telogen effluvium in patients with COVID-19 and describe their characteristics in relation to the other signs and symptoms of the disease.

The microscope drape method to reduce aerosolisation during endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery in the COVID era. How i do it.

Background: Otolaryngologists are faced with concerning challenges since the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic due to significant risk of occupational infection. Transmission can happen during intraoperative exposure to viral particles carried by droplets or aerosols. Endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery are notable for causing aerosolisation, putting healthcare staff at substantial risk.

Excessive Leukocytosis Leading to a Diagnosis of Aggressive Thyroid Anaplastic Carcinoma: A Case Report and Relevant Review.

Introduction: Leukocytosis and particularly neutrophilia are usually caused by acute infection, inflammation, and myeloproliferative neoplasms. However, leukocytosis can also occur in patients with malignancy either due to bone marrow metastases or in the context of a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Case Presentation: An 86-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to marked leukocytosis (white blood cells [WBC] >40,000/μL), neutrophilia, and monocytosis.

Daylight photodynamic therapy for the management of actinic cheilitis.

Early identification and adequate treatment of actinic cheilitis (AC), which affects the lower lip vermillion and is considered a precursor of squamous cell carcinoma, is mandatory. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been successfully used in AC. PDT with the use of daylight (DLPDT) is equally effective and more convenient than the conventional PDT.

Visceral adiposity index for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in premenopausal women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Visceral adiposity index (VAI), initially developed for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk, has been also proposed for the detection of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, its diagnostic performance for NAFLD is still under investigation. We evaluated VAI as a marker of NAFLD and compared its diagnostic performance with that of three other NAFLD indices - fatty liver index (FLI), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) - in premenopausal women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) assessed for NAFLD by ultrasonography.

Design: Cross-sectional case-control study.

Adrenal hyperandrogenism does not deteriorate insulin resistance and lipid profile in women with PCOS.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of adrenal hyperandrogenism on insulin resistance and lipid profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Patients And Methods: We studied 372 women with PCOS according to the NIH criteria. 232 age- and BMI-matched women served as controls in order to define adrenal hyperandrogenism (DHEA-S >95th percentile).

No considerable changes in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma characteristics over a 30-year time period.

Background: The prevalence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is continuously increasing but its clinical significance and management is still debatable. The aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in the clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities and long-term outcome during the last three decades in patients with PTMC.

Methods: We studied 335 patients with PTMC who were followed up for at least 5 years, from 1982 to 2015, and treated in accordance with the current literature or guidelines at each time-period.

Herpes viruses and human papilloma virus in nasal polyposis and controls.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a multifactorial disease entity with an unclear pathogenesis. Contradictory data exist in the literature on the potential implication of viral elements in adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of human herpes viruses (1-6) and Human Papilloma Virus in adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and healthy controls.

Birth weight and polycystic ovary syndrome in adult life: is there a causal link?

Objectives: Several studies have demonstrated associations of birth weight with metabolic and reproductive abnormalities in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the birth weight in women with PCOS and its correlation with clinical and biochemical characteristics of the syndrome.

Materials And Methods: We studied 288 women with PCOS according to the NIH criteria and 166 women with normal cycle and without clinical hyperandrogenism.

Bilateral adrenal incidentalomas differ from unilateral adrenal incidentalomas in subclinical cortisol hypersecretion but not in potential clinical implications.

Objective: To investigate the possibility of a different prevalence of subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) and potentially related morbidities between patients with unilateral adrenal incidentalomas (UAI) and bilateral adrenal incidentalomas (BAI), as existing data are few and controversial.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: Clinical examination, biochemical tests, and hormonal evaluation were performed in 298 consecutive patients with adrenal incidentalomas, unilateral in 224 patients (75.